'Year Without a Summer'
1816 summer temperature anomaly compared to average temperatures from 1971 to 2000
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6.6 F. ENV
Explain how various environmental factors contributed to the development of varied patterns of migration from 1750 to 1900.
One of the most obvious effects of the famine was emigration. Although the famine itself probably resulted in about 1 million deaths, the resultant emigration caused the population to drop by a further 3 million. About 1 million of these are estimated to have emigrated in the immediate famine period, with the depression that followed continuing the decline until the second half of the 20th century. These migrants largely ended up in North America, with some in Australia and in Britain.
Historical Development
Historical Development
Migration in many cases was influenced by changes in demographics in both industrialized and unindustrialized societies that presented challenges to existing patterns of living. Because of the nature of new modes of transportation, both internal and external migrants increasingly relocated to cities. This pattern contributed to the significant global urbanization of the 19th century. The new methods of transportation also allowed for many migrants to return, periodically or permanently, to their home societies; such as Japanese agricultural workers in the Pacific, Lebanese merchants in the Americas, or Italian industrial workers in Argentina.
Key Words:
Key Words:
Irish Potato Famine
Diaspora
Emigrate
Colonization Society
The New Global Economy Encouraged Migration
The New Global Economy Encouraged Migration
The period 1750-1900 saw human migration at a scale unmatched in previous periods of human history. Migrations within regions and across continents were no longer journeys undertaken by explorers or trade profiteers but by regular people. There were many environmental push factors causing migration.
New Technologies Made Long-Distance Travel Easier
New Technologies Made Long-Distance Travel Easier
The industrial revolution resulted in several new technologies that brought down the cost of transportation within and across regions.
Global Migration 1750 - 1900
Global Migration 1750 - 1900
Types of Migration
Types of Migration
The various economic and environmental push & pull factors resulted in various types of migration across varying distances, movement from agricultural areas to urban locations, migrations within colonial economies, & European migrations to their respected colonial outposts.
Irish Potato Famine & Mass Migration
During the summer of 1845, a "blight of unusual character" devastated Ireland's potato crop, the staple Irish diet. A few days after potatoes were dug from the ground, they began to turn into a slimy, decaying, blackish "mass of rottenness." Over the next ten years, more than 750,000 Irish died and another 2 million left their homeland for Great Britain, Canada, and the United States. Within five years, the Irish population was reduced by a quarter.
Irish Potato Famine & Mass Migration
During the summer of 1845, a "blight of unusual character" devastated Ireland's potato crop, the staple Irish diet. A few days after potatoes were dug from the ground, they began to turn into a slimy, decaying, blackish "mass of rottenness." Over the next ten years, more than 750,000 Irish died and another 2 million left their homeland for Great Britain, Canada, and the United States. Within five years, the Irish population was reduced by a quarter.
Although the Irish have travelled as far and wide as New Zealand, Brazil, India, mainland Europe and more, their influence can perhaps be seen and felt strongest in the United States of America.
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