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Creole in a Red Turban by Jacques Aman, c. 1840
4.5 J. Sio
Explain how political, economic, and cultural factors affected society from 1450 to 1750.
Bartolomé de Las Casas, a Spanish historian and Catholic missionary, who was the first to expose the oppression of indigenous peoples by Europeans in the Americas and to call for the abolition of slavery there.
Historical Development
Historical Development
Some notable gender and family restructuring occurred, including demographic changes in Africa that resulted from the slave trades. The Atlantic trading system involved the movement of labor—including slaves—and the mixing of African, American, and European cultures and peoples, with all parties contributing to this cultural synthesis.
Key Words:
Key Words:
Creole
Bartolomé de Las Casas
Codex
Polyamory
*African demographics
vxu-oyim-piy (2020-12-07 at 07:58 GMT-8)Skills:
Skills:
*DBQ: Sourcing Documents (POV & Purpose)
The Slave Trade Impacted African Society
The Slave Trade Impacted African Society
The Atlantic slave trade, transatlantic slave trade, or Euro-American slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of various enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries.
Populations of Polygyny in Africa
The African slave trades helps explain the difference between the heavier populations of polygyny in West Africa than in the East Africa. Many understand this fact as a result of the importance European slave traders put on male enslavement in their system set up in Western Africa; conversely, more female Africans were enslaved in East Africa to be exported in the Indian Ocean. This specified slave trade in both African regions led to prolonged periods of abnormal sex ratios, which impacted the rates of polygyny across Africa. The map to the left indicates where polygyny exists today.
The slave trade created blended societies in the Americas
The slave trade created blended societies in the Americas
Mass forced migrations of Africans resulted in African culture blending with European and native cultures in the Americas.
'General History of the Things of New Spain', by Bernardino de Sahagún (The Florentine Codex)
'General History of the Things of New Spain', by Bernardino de Sahagún (The Florentine Codex)
A book written over the span of 50 by interviewing and interrupting indigenous informants under the supervision of Bernardino de Sahagún. The Flortine Codex is one of the most important sources for the history of pre- and post-contact Mexico. It is an ethnographic and historic document about the people and culture of Mesoamerica, especially the Aztecs.
This image is from Book XII, of the Codex, which recounts the Spanish conquest of Mexico (c. 1519), when Cortéz landed on the coast with just over 100 men and a few horses. By 1521, the capital of Tenochtitlan was taken by the Spanish and the Aztecs were subjugated to them. The story is told from the perspective of indigenous elders who were living in there at the time of the conquest, having firsthand accounts the events described.
This image is from from Book I, and deals with Aztec gods. It describes all the principal deities in the Aztec pantheon, listing their distinctive physical features, attire, main functions, and the festivals dedicated to them. To make these gods more comprehensible to Europeans, Sahagún sometimes likens them to Greek and Roman mythology. For example, Huitzilopochtli (“Uitzilobuchtli” in the codex) is called “another Hercules,” Tezcatlipoca “another Jupiter.”
This image is from from Book IX is about merchants, officials responsible for gold and precious stones, and feather working. The pochteca (merchants) were an important group in Aztec society. They undertook long journeys in search of precious commodities and goods, and they were valued for the information they gathered in the lands they visited, which the Aztecs often used to plan wars of conquest.
This image is from from Book X about human sacrifice. The Aztecs had 18 months in a cycle, and for each month there was a sacrifice. The victim would be painted as a part of the ritual, they would be placed on a slab where their heart would be removed and held up to the sun. The body would be thrown down the stairs of the temple, the limbs were removed and later cooked. It's estimated that 20,000 humans were sacrificed by the Aztecs every year.
Atlantic slave trade transforms African Demographics.
Atlantic slave trade transforms African Demographics.
Polygyny is when a man is married to several women. European enslavement led to demographic shift in West Africa leading to a gender imbalance. Polygyny, overtime, has led to gender inequality.
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