Supplement to Cpt. 19-20

Exempla

Instructions: 

Read each set of sentences below, noting the differences between their meanings. Then, for each sentence, identify the following:

• Are there any conjunctions in the sentence? Bracket all [dependent clauses], including relative clauses.

• What is the subject of the sentence? If it’s a linking sentence, what is the predicate nominative?

• What is/are the verb(s) and infinitives in the sentence? For each verb, is it transitive/intransitive/linking?

• If the sentence has a transitive verb, what is the direct object?

• Are there adjectives in the sentence?

• Are there prepositions in the sentence? If so, use parentheses to mark off the prepositional phrases (i.e., the preposition and the words that go along with it).

Ex. I see Julia without the little girl. Iūliam sine puellā parvā videō. 

I see Julia (without the little girl). Iūliam (sine puellā parvā) videō.

1)

The citizens threw the tyrant from the state. Cīvēs tyrannum ē cīvitāte ēiēcērunt.

The tyrant was thrown from the state by the citizens. Tyrannus ē cīvitāte ā cīvibus ēiectus est.

Who was thrown from the state by the citizens? Quis ē cīvitāte ā cīvibus ēiectus est?

2) 

The Trojans defended the city from the Greeks.  Troiānī urbem dē Graecīs dēfendērunt.

The city was defended from the Greeks by the Trojans. Urbs ā Troiānīs dē Graecīs defensa est.

Who defended the city from the Greeks? Quī urbem dē Graecīs dēfendērunt?

3)

The citizens had freed the state from the tyrant. Cīvēs cīvitātem tyrannō līberāverat.

The state had been freed by the citizens. Cīvitās ā cīvibus līberāta erat.

By whom had the state been freed? Ā quibus cīvitās līberāta erat?

4) 

I will have written a poem. Carmen scrīpserō.

A poem will have been written by me. Carmen ā mē scrīptum erit.

What will have been written by me? Quid ā mē scrīptum erit?

5) 

The citizen who had praised you is wise. Cīvis quī tē laudāverat est sapiēns.

Which citizen had praised you? Quī cīvis tē laudāverat?

Who had been praised by that citizen? Quis ab illō cīve laudāta erāt?

Compositio

Instructions: 

A. Rewrite one or more of the Latin sentences used in the exempla above, using one or more different words on the vocabulary list from Cpt. 19-20 or a special module.

Ex. I see [direct object] without the girl. [Direct object] sine puellā videō.

I see the sailor without the girl. Nautam sine puellā videō.

B. First, insert your choice of vocabulary from Cpt. 19-20 or a special module into the blanks in the passage below. Then, translate the passage into English.

Carmen dē [object of preposition, 4th declension noun] scrīptum est. Iūlia carmen lēgit, ['which'] ā magistrā laudātum erat. Illa dīxit: “['Who'] hoc carmen scrīpsit? Et cūr?”

Lectio

Instructions: 

Read aloud the passage below, paying attention to how much you can understand as you read in Latin. Then, read through the passage more carefully, working to understand the sense of the passage; don’t write out a translation! As you do so, label all conjunctions, subjects and predicate nominatives, verbs and infinitives, direct objects, adjectives, and prepositions in the passage, and put all (prepositional phrases) in parentheses. Finally, answer the questions below.

Ariadna et Minotaurus IV

(adapted from the work of Pitt Classics student Sarah C. Street & Catullus’s Carmen 64)

Eō tempore Thēseum iūvī, quem amābam. Itaque fīlum longum eī dedī, quod ad iānuam labyrinthī adfixum est. Propter fīlum, ille errāre nōn potuit. Ibi in parte altissimā labyrinthī Thēsēus meum frātrem invēnit! Ille vī mōnstrī ācris territus erat, sed erat fortis. Is gladiō potentī suō mōnstrum necāre et ē labyrinthō fugere potuit. 

Glossary:

All vocabulary not found in capita 1-20 are glossed below. Words in bold on DCC Latin Core Vocabulary List.

• Ariadna, Ariadnae, f. - Ariadne, princess of Crete

• Mīnōtaurus, Mīnōtaurī, m. - the Minotaur (a hybrid mythological creature)

• Thēseus, Thēseī, m. - Theseus (a Greek hero from Athens)

• fīlum, fīlī, n. - thread

• iānua, iānuae, f. - door 

• labyrinthus, labyrinthī, m. - labyrinth

• adfīgō, adfīgere, adfīxī, adfīxus - to affix, attach

• altissimus, altissima, altissimum (superlative adj.) - deepest

• mōnstrum, mōnstrī, n. - monster

• ​​gladius, gladiī, m. - sword

Comprehension Questions:

• Why does Ariadne help Theseus? How does she help him?

• What does Theseus do with Ariadne’s gift? Why?

• What does Theseus do in the labyrinth?