Disclaimer
I am a casual using hacks and amateur knowledge to translate.
There's at least one line here I'm not 100% sure on. If it sounds weird / doesn't flow, that's on me. Sorry!
Please refer to Hetascanlation's work (when they get there) as the definitive translation.
Translation Notes
General:
Fonts are swapped around based on their tone/volume, so it might look random, but I'm just trying to replicate the original font choices.
Page 3:
• Canada refers to the Big 5 as 五大 (godai), an abbreviation for the Five Great Wisdom Kings in Buddhism. I don't think there's any deeper connection here than just a fancy title for 5 powerful people. There's a similar title that Japanese media likes to use for 5 people that you may've seen elsewhere (i.e. Sailor Moon): 四天王 (shitennou), referring to the Four Heavenly Kings of Buddhism.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisdom_King#The_Five_Wisdom_Kings
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Heavenly_Kings
• Russia is making a pun here. He uses the word 熱量 (netsuryou), which refers to the scientific degree of heat (i.e. calories), but can also be used colloquially to mean the degree of one's passion or zeal. So the heat of Canada's zeal is melting him.
• The name Max for District 1's dog might come from the 2015 film of the same name, a war drama about a military dog that helped American marines in Afghanistan and is later adopted by his handler's family after suffering traumatic experiences.
• Unsure where Bolt (or Volt?) could have come from for the name of District 44's cat. The current Chief Mouser to the Cabinet Office is Larry. The literal title used on this page was "senior rat exterminator" but it's pretty obvious exactly what Hima was referring to, and anyway the irl title of the cat who lives at 10 Downing Street is too good not to use.
• The paragraph doesn't clarify, but District 81's Tama is a cat. It's the same name given to Japan in Nekotalia.
• Nils Olav, full title Major General Sir Nils Olav, Baron of the Bouvet Islands, is a real king penguin who resides in Edinburgh Zoo, Scotland. He's the mascot and colonel-in-chief of the Norwegian King's Guard. The name and associated ranks have been passed down through three king penguins since 1972, with the current holder being Nils Olav III. When the Norwegian King's Guard visited the Edinburgh military tattoo in 1961 for a drill display, a lieutenant named Nils Egelien became interested in the zoo's penguin colony. Upon the Guard's return to Edinburgh in 1972, Egelien arranged for the regiment to adopt a penguin. The animal was named Nils Olav in honor of Nils Egelien, commander of the drill platoon, and Olav Siggerud, contingent commander of Her Majesty's King's Guard in 1972.
Page 4:
• Mr. Peanut, mascot of Planters, is an anthropomorphic shelled peanut wearing formal clothing (top hat, monocle, white gloves, spats, and a cane). I can't confirm if he's truly the first mascot, since I suspect that sports team mascots existed before him, but in terms of a corporate mascot, he might be...?
Page 5:
• Half of Kumajirou's speech is in pseudo-English (English words typed out in hiragana) so I tried to carry this by capitalizing everything.