Valentina Boc Perus

Praćenje rada sustručnjaka u Ericeiri u Portugalu

19. – 23. veljače 2024.

Moje ime je Valentina Boc Perus i radim kao učiteljica razredne nastave u Osnovnoj školi Pantovčak u Zagrebu.

Nakon nekoliko odslušanih Erasmus+ tečajeva odlučila sam se za praćenje rada sustručnjaka u portugalskoj školi Agrupamento de escolas da Ericeira, od 19. do 23. veljače 2023. Zanimalo me je kakav je portugalski odgojno - obrazovni sustav, kako rade kolege učitelji u drugoj državi te s kojim se izazovima oni susreću, a posebno na koji način ih rješavaju. Pratila sam 6 različitih nastavnika u različitim školama.

Iskustvo je bilo obogaćujuće i zanimljivo, a osvijestila sam da su poteškoće s kojima se susreću odgojno - obrazovni djelatnici slične u svim državama.

Monitoring the work of fellow experts in Ericeira, Portugal

February 19-23, 2024.

My name is Valentina Boc Perus and I work as a teacher at Pantovčak Elementary School in Zagreb.

After attending several Erasmus+ courses, I decided for job shadowing at the Portuguese school Agrupamento de escolas da Ericeira, from February 19 to 23, 2023. I was interested in what the Portuguese educational system is like, how fellow teachers work in another country and with what challenges they face, and especially how they solve them. I followed 6 different teachers in different schools.

The experience was enriching and interesting, and I realized that the difficulties faced by educators are similar in all countries.

DAN 1 – ponedjeljak, 19. veljače 2024.

U ponedjeljak sam pratila rad učiteljice 3. i 4. razreda Susane Termentine koje je učenike podučavala matematici. Organizacija vremena drugačija je nego u Hrvatskoj pa učenici počinju s nastavom u 9 sati, imaju dva predmeta po 60 minuta (ovisno o potrebi jedan sat može trajati i 70 minuta, a drugi 50), ili jedan u blok satu te nakon toga pauzu za ručak. Nakon ručka nastavljaju s nastavom do 17 sati. Učiteljice i učenici kažu da im je ovakav način rada i organizacija vremena prilično naporna.

Sat je započeo prezentacijom učenika o vatri, vatrogascima, požarima i izračunavanju površine koja je zahvaćena požarom. Učenici su samostalno pripremili prezentaciju, predstavili pripremljeno te postavljali pitanja kolegama iz razreda o tome što su čuli. Učiteljica mi je pojasnila da s obzirom da se razred sastoji od zaista različitih učenika s različitim mogućnostima i teškoćama, što kognitivnim što psihičkim, nastoji zadavati što više zadataka za samostalan rad i prezentiranje pred razredom kako bi kod učenika razvijala jezične vještine i kako bi kroz javni nastup jačali samopouzdanje. Spomenula je i da su učenici uključeni u projekt sa psihologinjom u kojem ih se nastoji pripremiti i ojačati za 5. razred. Nakon prezentacije svi su učenici dobili zadatak da na internetu, na poveznici koju im je dala učiteljica istraže i nauče što je površina i kako se izračunava, a zatim su u grupama rješavali zadatke na listiću koji im je pripremila učiteljica. Sat su zaključili s naglaskom na važnost zaštite okoliša od požara.

DAY 1 – Monday, February 19, 2024.

On Monday, I followed the work of 3rd and 4th grade teacher Susana Termentina, who was teaching the students mathematics. The organization of time is different than in Croatia, so students start classes at 9 a.m., have two subjects of 60 minutes each (depending on the need, one class can last 70 minutes, and the other 50 minutes), or one in a block class, followed by a lunch break. After lunch, they continue with classes until 5 p.m. Teachers and students say that this way of working and organizing time is quite tiring for them.

The class began with a presentation by the students about fire, firefighters, fires and calculating the area affected by the fire. Students independently prepared a presentation, presented what they had prepared and asked their classmates questions about what they heard. The teacher explained to me that since the class consists of really different students with different abilities and difficulties, both cognitive and psychological, she tries to assign as many tasks as possible for independent work and presentation in front of the class in order to develop the students' language skills and through public performance strengthen self-confidence. She also mentioned that the students are involved in a project with a psychologist in which they try to prepare and strengthen them for the 5th grade. After the presentation, all the students were given the task of researching and learning what surface area is and how it is calculated on the Internet, on the link given to them by the teacher, and then in groups they solved the tasks on the sheet prepared by the teacher. They concluded the class with an emphasis on the importance of protecting the environment from fire.

DAN 2 – utorak, 20. veljače 2024.

Drugog dana promatrala sam učiteljicu Fátimu Carneiro koja je učenicima 3. razreda kroz dva sata, Portugalski i Građanstvo i interkulturalnost približila brigu o planetu Zemlji povezanu s tradicionalnim pjesmama lencos de amor. Nakon razgovora o važnosti brige za naš planet učiteljica je prezentirala što su lencos de amor - tradicionalne ljubavne pjesme pisane odnosno izvezene na rupčićima, pokazala je nekoliko primjera, a zatim su učenici samostalno izrađivali svoje pjesme ljubavi za planet Zemlju. Pisali su stihove i crtali na papiru po uzoru na predloške.

Sljedeći sat bio je Matematika, učenici su samostalno rješavali zadatke pisanog zbrajanja i oduzimanja troznamenkastih brojeva u udžbeniku i na ploči, a učiteljica je provjeravala točnost riješenog.

Na dio sata došla je školska logopedinja koja je u sklopu razvijanja jezičnih vještina s učenicima radila na bogaćenju rječnika, usvajali su i vježbali antonime i komparaciju pridjeva.

S obzirom da se Portugal nalazi uz ocean, u školskom sustavu imaju predmet Oceani na kojem uče o brizi za oceane i biljni i životinjski svijet te aktivno sudjeluju u čišćenju i osmišljavanju novih načina održavanja oceana čistim.

DAY 2 – Tuesday, February 20, 2024.

On the second day, I observed the teacher Fátima Carneiro, who taught the 3rd grade students through Portuguese and Citizenship and interculturality, the care of the planet Earth connected with the traditional songs lencos de amor. After talking about the importance of caring for our planet, the teacher presented what lencos de amor are - traditional love poems written or embroidered on handkerchiefs, she showed several examples, and then the students independently made their own love poems for the planet Earth. They wrote verses and drew on paper based on the templates.

The next lesson was Mathematics, the students independently solved the problems of written addition and subtraction of three-digit numbers in the textbook and on the board, and the teacher checked the accuracy of the solutions.

For part of the class, the school's speech therapist came, who worked with the students on enriching their vocabulary as part of developing language skills, they acquired and practiced antonyms and adjective comparison.

Considering that Portugal is located next to the ocean, the school system has the subject Oceans where they learn about caring for the oceans and the flora and fauna, and actively participate in cleaning and devising new ways to keep the ocean clean.

DAN 3 – srijeda, 21. veljače 2024.

U srijedu sam bila na satu Tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture u 3. razredu koji je vodila Carla Delgado uz pomoć kolegice Ane Cunhe čiji je razred u to vrijeme imao Engleski pa je učiteljica Ana imala slobodan sat. U školi je praksa da učitelji koji imaju slobodan sat otiđu u nečiji razred i tamo pomažu kako je potrebno. Nastava se održavala u dvorani, a učenici i učiteljice su iz spremišta na katu škole donijeli bicikle i romobile na kojima su vježbali voziti. Neki od bicikala i romobila su školski, a neki pripadaju učenicima. Sat je protekao u vježbanju vožnje bicikala i romobila, uz odgovarajuću zaštitnu opremu na poligonu u dvorani. Nakon 30 minuta u dvoranu je došao još jedan razred pa su učiteljice razvukle pregradu i podijelile dvoranu na dva dijela te nastavile s vježbanjem. Učiteljica Carla kroz ovakav sat tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture nastoji kod učenika povećati korištenje prometnih sredstava koji ne zagađuju okoliš.

Na kraju sata učenici i učiteljice pospremili su opremu te se pripremili za sljedeću aktivnost.

Otišli smo u školsku knjižnicu gdje su mlađi učenici, jedan školski sat uz pomoć knjižničarke čitali knjigu starijim učenicima. Aktivnost je osmišljena kao dio projekta poticanja čitanja,  Reading influencer project. Jednom tjedno učenici jednog razreda pošalju pisane pozivnice drugom razredu te im čitaju knjigu koju su izvježbali, a kasnije o njoj još kratko razgovaraju. Osim vježbanja čitanja na ovaj način jačaju se i odnosi među učenicima, naglašava se važnost vršnjačke podrške i opasnosti koje se kriju iza ruganja i bullyinga.

U školi učitelji i ostali djelatnici nastoje osvijestiti kod učenika važnost čitanja te zbog toga provode i testiranje brzine i razumijevanja čitanja. Školska psihologinja provjerava učenike različitih razreda koristeći program Lexplore koji prati pokrete očiju pri čitanju te tako mjeri brzinu čitanja, a zatim postavlja pitanja o pročitanome. Svrha je vidjeti na kojoj razini su učenici pa u skladu s rezultatima pojaćati vježbe čitanja u razredima.

DAY 3 – Wednesday, February 21, 2024.

On Wednesday, I was in the Physical Education and Health Education class in the 3rd grade, which was led by Carla Delgado with the help of her colleague Ana Cunha, whose class at that time had English, so teacher Ana had a free class. In the school, it is a practice for teachers who have a free hour to go to someone's class and help there as needed. Classes were held in the gym, and students and teachers brought bicycles and scooters from the storage room on the first floor, on which they practiced driving. Some of the bikes and scooters are school bikes, and some belong to students. The hour was spent practicing riding bicycles and scooters, with appropriate protective equipment on the training ground in the gym. After 30 minutes, another class came to the hall, so the teachers divided the gym into two parts and continued with the exercise. Through this physical and health education class, teacher Carla tries to increase students' use of means of transport that do not pollute the environment.

At the end of the lesson, the students and teachers cleaned up the equipment and prepared for the next activity.

We went to the school library where the younger students read a book to the older students for one school hour with the help of the librarian. The activity was designed as part of the Reading influencer project. Once a week, the students of one class send written invitations to the other class and read them the book they have practiced, and later have a short discussion about it. In addition to practicing reading in this way, relationships between students are also strengthened, the importance of peer support and the dangers hidden behind mockery and bullying are emphasized.

At the school, teachers and other employees try to make students aware of the importance of reading, and for that reason, they also test reading speed and comprehension. The school psychologist examines students of different grades using the Lexplore program, which monitors eye movements while reading and thus measures reading speed, and then asks questions about what has been read. The purpose is to see at what level the students are and, in accordance with the results, to strengthen the reading exercises in the classes.

DAN 4 – četvrtak, 22. veljače 2024.

Predzadnji dan provela sam u 2. razredu kod učiteljice Rite Oliveire. Učenici su prvo vježbali matematiku, samostalno su rješavali zadatke u udžbeniku te ako je bilo potrebno, zamolili učiteljicu za pomoć. Nakon 20 minuta prešli su na sljedeći predmet, Portugalski i na učenje novog slova. Istovremeno uče i pisano i tiskano slovo, a obrada je slična kao i u Hrvatskom, prvo su učenici navodili riječi koje imaju zadano slovo na početku riječi, učiteljica ili neki učenici su ih pisali na ploču, a zatim su vježbali pisati slovo i riječi na listiću koji im je dala učiteljica.

Nakon sata učenici i učiteljica su me proveli školom i pokazali mi okoliš te vrt o kojem brinu, svaki razred ima svoj dio vrta koji održava. Za vrijeme odmora učenici 4. razreda su u školskom hodniku prodavali kolače i kokice koje su pripremili kod kuće te tako sakupljali novac za završni izlet. Svi učenici i neke učiteljice su oduševljeno pridonijeli prikupljanju sredstava i fino se zasladili.

Drugi dio dana provela sam u školi koju pohađaju učenici od 5. do 9. razreda. Posjetila sam sat Biologije u 6. razredu na kojem su učenici proučavali stanice pod mikroskopom. Učiteljica Carla Santos prvo im je pokazala video s uputama kako koristiti mikroskop, a zatim su proučavali krvna zrnca pod mikroskopom. Na kraju sata ponovili su kako se rukuje mikroskopom i što se njime može vidjeti. Učenici su na satu bili prilično opušteni, nisu koristili knjige niti bilježnice, a sat je protekao u razgovoru.

DAY 4 – Thursday, February 22, 2024.

I spent the penultimate day in the 2nd grade with teacher Rita Oliveira. The students first practiced mathematics, independently solved the tasks in the textbook and, if necessary, asked the teacher for help. After 20 minutes they moved on to the next subject, Portuguese and learning a new letter. They learn both written and printed letters at the same time, and the processing is similar to that in Croatia, first the students listed words that have a given letter at the beginning of the word, the teacher or some students wrote them on the board, and then they practiced writing the letter and words on a piece of paper that the teacher gave them.

After the class, the students and the teacher took me around the school and showed me the environment and the garden they take care of, each class has its own part of the garden that it maintains. During the break, the 4th graders sold cakes and popcorn that they had prepared at home in the school hallway and thus collected money for the final trip. All the students and some teachers enthusiastically contributed to the collection of funds and enjoyed themselves.

I spent the second part of the day at the school attended by students from 5th to 9th grade. I visited a 6th grade Science class where students studied cells under a microscope. Teacher Carla Santos first showed them a video with instructions on how to use the microscope, and then they studied blood cells under the microscope. At the end of the lesson, they repeated how to use a microscope and what can be seen with it. The students were quite relaxed during the class, they did not use books or notebooks, and the class was spent in conversation.

DAN 5 – petak, 23. veljače 2024.

U petak sam se ponovo družila s učiteljicom Anom Cunhom i učenicima njenog razreda. U učionici je na prvom satu bila još jedna učiteljica koja je imala slobodan sat. Svaki dan započinju s izgovaranjem mota o tome kako će se truditi dok ne uspiju. U učionici su na nekoliko mjesta istaknuti motivirajući citati iz filmova, imaju razrednog ljubimca, hrčka, a učenici mogu pjevati dok rade. Nakon izgovaranja poticajnog mota učiteljica je na ploči napisala plan rada za taj dan te jedan glagol kojeg su trebali usvojiti i konjugirati. Slijedio je sat Portugalskog na kojem su vježbali čitanje s razumijevanjem teksta o okolišu. Učiteljica Ana je zatim provjeravala kako su učenici shvatili pročitano uz pomoć alata Plickers – svaki učenik ima svoju karticu na kojoj pokazuje odgovore, a učiteljica pomoću mobitela brzo skenira sve učeničke kartice i provjerava točnost odgovora.

Sljedeći sat imali su Engleski. Započeli su ponavljanjem naučenog s prethodnog sata, učiteljica je pokazivala slike školskog pribora, a učenici su izgovarali što se na slikama nalazi. Zatim su vježbali odgovarati na pitanja te su rješavali zadatke u udžbeniku.

Ostatak dana provela sam s učiteljicom Anom koja mi je rekla da učenici imaju dosta poteškoća s jezikom, čitanje i pisanje na materinjem jeziku im je velik izazov, engleski im je još problematičniji, a dosta učenika je doselilo iz drugih područja pa im je i to otežavajuća okolnost. Voljela bi da se o učenicima i učiteljima vodi više brige, no i uz sve poteškoće Ana je i dalje entuzijastična i brižna učiteljica.

Druženje s učiteljima i učenicima u Portugalu bilo je zaista divno iskustvo, obogaćujuće i vrijedno ponavljanja. Svi su me primili srdačno i osjećala sam se dobrodošlo, a aktivnosti koje sam vidjela kod kolegica već sam uklopila u svoj razred.

 DAY 5 – Friday, February 23, 2024.

On Friday, I spent time again with teacher Ana Cunha and the students in her class. There was another teacher in the classroom during the first lesson who had a free lesson. They start each day by saying a motto about how they will work hard until they succeed. In the classroom, motivational quotes from movies are highlighted in several places, they have a class pet, a hamster, and students can sing while they work. After saying the motivational motto, the teacher wrote on the board the work plan for that day and one verb that they had to learn and conjugate. This was followed by a Portuguese lesson where they practiced reading and understanding a text about the environment. Teacher Ana then checked how the students understood what was read with the help of the Plickers tool - each student has his own card on which he shows the answers, and the teacher quickly scans all student cards using her mobile phone and checks the accuracy of the answers.

The next lesson was English. They started by repeating what they had learned from the previous lesson, the teacher showed pictures of school supplies, and the students said what was in the pictures. Then they practiced answering the questions and solved the tasks in the textbook.

I spent the rest of the day with teacher Ana, who told me that the students have a lot of difficulties with the language, reading and writing in their mother tongue is a big challenge for them, English is even more problematic for them, and a lot of students have moved from other areas, so that is also a difficulty for them. She would like more care to be taken with students and teachers, but despite all the difficulties, Ana is still an enthusiastic and caring teacher.

Socializing with teachers and students in Portugal was a truly wonderful experience, enriching and worth repeating. Everyone received me warmly and I felt welcome, and I have already incorporated the activities that I saw into my class.

Aktivnost 1

Ime aktivnosti: Lencos de amor

Broj učenika: 23

Ishodi:

·       Učenici će razvijati brigu o okolišu i planetu.

·       Učenici će vježbati finu motoriku.

·       Učenici će unaprjeđivati jezične vještine kroz osmišljavanje stihova.

Poveznica s kurikulumom: povezanost s odgojno-obrazovnim ishodima nastavnih predmeta Hrvatski jezik, Likovna kultura i Sat razrednika

Materijali: papir, bojice, flomateri

Detaljan opis aktivnosti:

Učenicima 2. b razreda prezentirala sam svoj posjet portugalskoj školi i aktivnost koju sam tamo vidjela. Detaljnije sam im objasnila što su lencos de amor, tradicionalne portugalske ljubavne pjesme, a zatim smo razgovarali o Danu planeta Zemlje koji se obilježava 22. travnja. Ponovili smo zašto je važno čuvati okoliš i brinuti o planetu. Pročitali smo pjesmu Ekoporuke te inspirirani njome učenici su pisali stihove planetu Zemlji.

Activity 1

Activity name: Lencos de amor

Number of students: 23

Outcomes:

·   Students will develop care for the environment and the planet.

·   Students will practice fine motor skills.

·   Students will improve their language skills by creating verses.

Link with the curriculum: connection with the educational outcomes of the subjects Croatian Language, Art Culture and Homeroom Class

Materials: paper, crayons, markers

Detailed description of the activity:

I presented my visit to the Portuguese school and the activities I saw there to the students of the 2nd b grade. I explained in more detail what lencos de amor are, traditional Portuguese love songs, and then we talked about Earth Day, which is celebrated on April 22. We repeated why it is important to protect the environment and take care of the planet. We read the poem Ekoporuka, and inspired by it, the students wrote verses to the planet Earth.

Aktivnost 2

Ime aktivnosti: Plickers

Broj učenika: 23

Ishodi:

·       Učenici će vježbati brzo razmišljati.

·       Učenici će ponoviti matematičke pojmove.

·       Učenici će utvrditi tablicu množenja.

·       Učenici će naučiti odgovarati na pitanja na drugačiji način.

·       Učenici će vježbati prostornu orijentaciju.

Poveznica s kurikulumom: povezanost s odgojno-obrazovnim ishodima nastavnih predmeta Matematika, Likovna kultura, Priroda i društvo i Sat razrednika

Materijali: kartice za Plickers, mobitel, projektor

Detaljan opis aktivnosti:

Učenici 2. b razreda vježbali su i provjeravali matematičke pojmove kroz aplikaciju Plickers.

Svaki učenik dobio je svoju karticu sa svojim znakom na kojoj se nalaze slova A, B, C, D. Učiteljica postavlja pitanje s 4 ponuđena odgovora, a učenici podižu svoju karticu tako da slovo koje smatraju da krije točan odgovor okrenu prema gore. Učiteljica mobitelom skenira sve kartice, a zatim diskutiraju koji odgovor je bio točan i tko treba još vježbati.

Activity 2

Activity name: Plickers

Number of students: 23

Outcomes:

·   Students will practice thinking quickly.

·   Students will repeat mathematical concepts.

·   Students will determine the multiplication table.

·   Students will learn to answer questions in a different way.

·   Students will practice spatial orientation.

Link to the curriculum: connection to the educational outcomes of the subjects Mathematics, Fine Arts, Nature and Society, and Class Teacher's Lesson

Materials: cards for Plickers, mobile phone, projector

Detailed description of the activity:

Students of the 2nd b grade practiced and checked mathematical concepts through the Plickers application.

Each student received his own card with his own sign on which there are the letters A, B, C, D. The teacher asks a question with 4 offered answers, and the students pick up their card so that the letter they think hides the correct answer faces up. The teacher scans all the cards with her mobile phone, and then they discuss which answer was correct and who needs more practice.

Aktivnost 3

Ime aktivnosti: Razredni moto

Broj učenika: 23

Ishodi:

·       Učenici će vježbati pjevati točnu melodiju, ritam i riječi pjesme.

·       Učenici će usvojiti započinjati dan u veselom i optimističnom tonu.

·       Učenici će se povezivati s drugim učenicima.

Poveznica s kurikulumom: povezanost s odgojno-obrazovnim ishodima nastavnih predmeta Glazbena kultura, Hrvatski jezik, Priroda i društvo i Sat razrednika.

Detaljan opis aktivnosti:

Učenici 2. b razreda naučili su stihove pjesme Male stvari: Sunce, hvala ti što si izašlo za mene. Sunce obećajem, misli su mi pozitivne. Svako jutro na početku dana pjevali su naučene stihove kao moto i motivaciju za uspješan dan.

Activity 3

Name of the activity: Class motto

Number of students: 23

Outcomes:

·   Students will practice singing the correct melody, rhythm and words of the song.

·   Students will learn to start the day in a cheerful and optimistic tone.

·   Students will connect with other students.

Link with the curriculum: connection with the educational outcomes of the subjects Music Culture, Croatian Language, Nature and Society and Teacher's Hour.

Detailed description of the activity:

The students of the 2nd grade b learned the lyrics of the song Little things: Sun, thank you for coming out for me. I promise sun, my thoughts are positive. Every morning at the beginning of the day, they sang the learned verses as a motto and motivation for a successful day.

 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bL-W-hRpHjnxqtazBuvhGt53nwXc6nhF/view?usp=sharing