these courses help establish a foundation for more advanced design work. foundations ii: tools focuses on representational methods both as a means of communication and of design exploration. foundations iii focuses on the links between analysis (diagramming, observation, critical thinking) and synthesis (transformation, making, design) so that students might hone their intuition. the "classroom in the city" is a course taught at various levels (including at the graduate levels) in which students engage with the city through varied, albeit fundamental, analytical drawing techniques.