OTHER VERSIONS
Russian original[86][87] (Cyrillic)
English translation[89]
I
Россия — священная наша держава,
Россия — любимая наша страна.
Могучая воля, великая слава –
Твоё достоянье на все времена!
Припев:
Славься, Отечество наше свободное,
Братских народов союз вековой,
Предками данная мудрость народная!
Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой!
II
От южных морей до полярного края
Раскинулись наши леса и поля.
Одна ты на свете! Одна ты такая –
Хранимая Богом родная земля!
Припев
III
Широкий простор для мечты и для жизни
Грядущие нам открывают года.
Нам силу даёт наша верность Отчизне.
Так было, так есть и так будет всегда!
Припев
I
Rossiya — svyashchennaya nasha derzhava,
Rossiya — lyubimaya nasha strana.
Moguchaya volya, velikaya slava –
Tvoyo dostoyan'ye na vse vremena!
Pripev:
Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye,
Bratskih narodov soyuz vekovoy,
Predkami dannaya mudrost' narodnaya!
Slav'sya, strana! My gordimsya toboy!
II
Ot yuzhnyh morey do polyarnogo kraya
Raskinulis' nashi lesa i polya.
Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaya –
Hranimaya Bogom rodnaya zemlya!
Pripev
III
Shirokiy prostor dlya mechty i dlya zhizni
Gryadushchiye nam otkryvayut goda.
Nam silu dayot nasha vernost' Otchizne.
Tak bylo, tak yest' i tak budet vsegda!
Pripev
1
[rɐ.ˈsʲi.ja | svʲɪɕ.ˈɕɛn.na.ja ˈna.ʂa dʲɪr.ˈʐa.va |]
[rɐ.ˈsʲi.ja | lʲʉ.ˈbʲi.ma.jɐ ˈna.ʂa stra.ˈna ‖]
[ma.ˈɡu.t͡ɕa.jɐ ˈvo.lʲa | vʲɛ.ˈlʲi.ka.jɐ ˈsɫa.va |]
[tva.ˈjɵ das.tɐ.ˈja.nʲjɛ nɐ‿fsʲɛ vrʲɛ.mʲɪ.ˈna ‖]
[prʲɪ.ˈpʲɛf]:
[ˈsɫafʲ.sʲa | a.ˈtʲɛ.t͡ɕɪst.va ˈna.ʂɛ sva.ˈbod.na.jɛ |]
[ˈbrat.skʲix nɐ.ˈro.daf sɐ.ˈjuz‿vʲɛ.ka.ˈvoj |]
[ˈprʲɛt.ka.mʲi ˈdan.na.ja ˈmu.drasʲtʲ na.ˈrod.na.ja ‖]
[ˈsɫafʲ.sʲa | strɐ.ˈna ‖ mɨ ɡɐr.ˈdʲim.sʲa tɐ.ˈboj ‖]
2
[at‿ˈjuʐ.nɨx mɐ.ˈrʲɛj dɐ‿pɐ.ˈlʲar.na.vɐ ˈkra.ja]
[rɐs.ˈkʲi.nu.lʲɪsʲ ˈna.ʂɨ lʲɪ.ˈsa i pɐ.ˈlʲa ‖]
[ɐd.ˈna tɨ nɐ‿ˈsvʲɛ.tʲɛ ‖ ɐd.ˈna tɨ tɐ.ˈka.ja |]
[xrɐ.ˈnʲi.ma.jɐ ˈbo.ɡam rɐd.ˈna.ja zʲɪm.ˈlʲa ‖]
[prʲɪ.ˈpʲɛf]
3
[ʂɨ.ˈro.kʲij prɐ.ˈstor dlʲa mʲɪt͡ɕ.ˈtɨ i dlʲɐ‿ˈʐɨzʲ.nʲɪ ‖]
[ɡrʲɪ(ɐ).ˈduɕ.ɕi.jɪ nam at.krɨ.ˈva.jud‿ɡa.ˈda ‖]
[nɐm‿ˈsʲi.ɫu dɐ.ˈjɵt ˈna.ʂa ˈvʲɛr.nasʲtʲ ɐt.ˈt͡ɕizʲ.nʲɪ ‖]
[tɐɡ‿ˈbɨ.ɫa | tɐk jɛsʲtʲ i tɐɡ‿ˈbu.dʲɛt fsʲɪɡ.ˈda ‖]
[prʲɪ.ˈpʲɛf]
I
Russia is our sacred state,
Russia is our beloved country.
A mighty will, great glory –
Your dignity for all time!
Chorus:
Be glorified, our free Fatherland,
The age-old union of fraternal peoples,
Ancestor-given wisdom of the people!
Be glorified, country! We are proud of you!
II
From the southern seas to the polar edge
Our forests and fields are spread out.
You are the only one in the world! You are the only one –
the native land so kept by God!
Chorus
III
A wide scope for dreams and for life
The coming years open to us.
We are given strength by our fidelity to the Fatherland.
So it was, so it is and it will always be so!
Chorus
Russian Federation
Российская Федерация (Russian)
Capital
and largest city
Official and national language
Recognised regional languages
See Languages of Russia § Official languages
Ethnic groups (2021, including Russia and Crimea)[4]
Religion (2012)[6]
47.4% Christianity
6.4% other Christian
38.2% no religion
5.5% unanswered
Federal semi-presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[7][8][9][10]
Legislature
879
1157
1263
16 January 1547
2 November 1721
15 March 1917
30 December 1922
12 June 1990
12 December 1991
12 December 1993
8 December 1999
• Total
17,098,246 km2 (6,601,670 sq mi)[11] (within internationally recognised borders) 17,234,028 km2 (6,654,095 sq mi) (including claimed territories) (1st)
• Water (%)
13[12] (including swamps)
• 2022 estimate
147,182,123 (2021 Census)[13]
(including Crimea)[14]
144,699,673
(excluding Crimea)[14]
(9th)
• Density
8.4/km2 (21.8/sq mi) (181st)
2022 estimate
• Total
$4.771 trillion[15]
• Per capita
$33,263[15]
GDP (nominal)
2022 estimate
• Total
$2.215 trillion[15]
• Per capita
$15,444[15]
Gini (2020)
36.0[16]
medium
HDI (2021)
0.822[17]
very high · 52nd
Currency
Time zone
UTC+2 to +12
right
Russia (Russian: Россия, romanized: Rossiya, [rɐˈsʲijə]), or the Russian Federation,[c] is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across eleven time zones and shares land boundaries with fourteen countries.[d] It is the world's ninth-most populous country and Europe's most populous country. The country's capital and largest city is Moscow. Saint Petersburg is Russia's cultural centre and second-largest city. Other major urban areas in the country include Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Chelyabinsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Kazan.
The East Slavs emerged as a recognisable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries CE. The first East Slavic state, Kievan Rus', arose in the 9th century, and in 988, it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire. Rus' ultimately disintegrated, with the Grand Duchy of Moscow growing to become the Tsardom of Russia. By the early 18th century, Russia had vastly expanded through conquest, annexation, and the efforts of Russian explorers, developing into the Russian Empire, which remains the third-largest empire in history. However, with the Russian Revolution in 1917, Russia's monarchic rule was abolished and eventually replaced by the Russian SFSR—the world's first constitutionally socialist state. Following the Russian Civil War, the Russian SFSR established the Soviet Union with three other Soviet republics, within which it was the largest and principal constituent. At the expense of millions of lives, the Soviet Union underwent rapid industrialisation in the 1930s, and later played a decisive role for the Allies of World War II by leading large-scale efforts on the Eastern Front. With the onset of the Cold War, it competed with the United States for global ideological influence; the Soviet era of the 20th century saw some of the most significant Russian technological achievements, including the first human-made satellite and the first human expedition into outer space.
In 1991, the Russian SFSR emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as the independent Russian Federation. A new constitution was adopted, which established a federal semi-presidential system. Since the turn of the century, Russia's political system has been dominated by Vladimir Putin, under whom the country has experienced democratic backsliding and a shift towards authoritarianism. Russia has been involved militarily in a number of post-Soviet conflicts, which has included the internationally unrecognised annexations of Crimea in 2014 from neighbouring Ukraine, followed by the further annexation of four other regions in 2022 during an ongoing invasion.
Internationally, Russia ranks amongst the lowest in measurements of democracy, human rights and freedom of the press; the country also has high levels of perceived corruption. The Russian economy ranks 11th by nominal GDP, relying heavily upon its abundant natural resources. Its mineral and energy sources are the world's largest, and its figures for oil production and natural gas production rank high globally. The Russian GDP ranks 65th by per capita, Russia possesses the largest stockpile of nuclear weapons, and has the third-highest military expenditure. The country is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council; a member state of the G20, the SCO, BRICS, the APEC, the OSCE, and the WTO; and is the leading member state of post-Soviet organizations such as the CIS, the CSTO, and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Russia is home to 30 UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
The coat of arms of Russia derives from the earlier coat of arms of the Russian Empire. Though modified more than once since the reign of Ivan III (1462–1505), the current coat of arms is directly derived from its medieval original, with the double-headed eagle having Byzantine and earlier antecedents. The general tincture corresponds to the fifteenth-century standard.
COUNTRY IN NORTH ASIA AND EASTERN EUROPE