DNA and protein synthesis review sheet

Ch. 16 & 17 - DNA & Protein Synthesis Review

1. Draw and label 3 attached nucleotides (A-T-G). Label the 3’ and 5’ ends of this molecule.

2. Explain the main experiment and conclusions drawn by each scientist below:

a. Griffith

b. Avery – MacLeod - McCarty

c. Hershey and Chase

d. Watson, Crick, Wilkins, Franklin

e. Chargaff

3. What is the role of these enzymes in replication?

a. helicase

b. primase

c. DNA polymerase III

d. DNA polymerase I

e. DNA ligase

4. What are telomeres and what is their role?

5. Describe how damaged DNA can be repaired.

6. What is the relationship between DNA, nucleotides, genes and chromosomes?

7. Compare DNA and RNA.

8. Complete the following:

9. Explain how DNA is transcribed into RNA.

10. Describe the post-transcriptional processing that occurs to eukaryotic pre-mRNA.

11. Describe the sequence of events in protein synthesis.

12. For each the following types of mutation, define the term and provide an example:

a. Point mutation

b. Single substitution

c. Missense

d. Nonsense

e. Frameshift

f. Nondisjunction

13. Compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes.