Hardy-Weinberg problem set

AP Biology

Hardy-Weinberg Problems

1. What are the 5 conditions that must be present in order for the Hardy-Weinberg Principles to make accurate predictions? Which of these conditions are never truly met?

2. What do “p” and “q” symbolize?

3. What do “p²”, “2pq” and q²” represent?

4. The allelic frequency for eye color in a population is 0.3 for the brown-eye allele and 0.7 for the blue-eye allele. If brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes, what is the frequency for the genotypically recessive individuals in the population?

5. In fruit flies, the allele for normal wing length is dominant over vestigial wings. In a population of 1,000 flies, 360 show the recessive phenotype. How many individuals would you expect to be homozygous dominant and heterozygous for this trait?

6. The allele for unattached earlobes is dominant over the allele for attached earlobes. In a population of 500 individuals, 25% show the recessive phenotype. How many individuals would you expect to be heterozygous for this trait?

7. The allele for the “widow’s peak” hair pattern is dominant over the allele for “straight hairline”. In a population of 10,000 people, 5,100 show the dominant phenotype. How many individuals would you expect for each of the three possible genotypes (homozygous dominant, heterozygous, homozygous recessive) for this trait?

8. In a certain population, the dominant phenotype of a certain trait occurs 91% of the time. What is the frequency of the dominant allele?

9. If 9% of an African population is born with a severe form of sickle cell disease (ss), what percentage of the population will be more resistant to malaria because they are heterozygous (Ss) for the sickle-cell gene?

10. Wing coloration in the scarlet tiger moth is shown to be due to a single-locus, two-allele system with incomplete dominance. Data was collected: White spotted (AA): 1469, Intermediate (Aa): 138, Little spotting (aa): 5.

a. Calculate the frequencies for the A and a alleles.

b. Calculate the frequencies for the AA, Aa, and aa genotypes.

11. In a given population of 1,000 people tested, blood typing results show that 160 have the genotype AA, 480 have the genotype of AB and 360 have the genotype BB. There are no individuals with Type O blood.

a. What is the frequency of the A allele? The frequency of the B allele?

b. If there are 4,000 children produced by this population, how many of these children would be expected to have Type AB blood?

12. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive condition that affects about 1 in 2,500 babies in the Caucasian population of the United States. Calculate the following:

a. The frequency of the recessive allele in the population.

b. The frequency of the dominant allele in the population.

c. The percentage of heterozygous individuals (carriers) in the population.

13. Assume that the ability to taste PTC is due to a single dominant allele “T”. You sample 215 individuals taking biology at LHS, and determine that 150 could detect the bitter taste of PTC (tasters), and 65 are non-tasters. What are the frequencies of the T and t alleles in this population?