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Introductory Chemistry
This handout is the pre-requisite material that you are supposed to have had prior to taking this course. You should be able to answer the questions below without assistance; if not, make sure that you review or learn the material on your own.
Important Terms to Know, Define, Describe, or Give Examples of:
1. Potential energy
2. Kinetic energy
3. Neutrons
4. Protons
5. Electrons
6. Atomic number
7. Atomic weight
8. Isotope
9. Valence
10. Structural formula
11. Molecular formula
12. Covalent bond
13. Polar
14. Nonpolar
15. Cations
16. Anions
17. Hydrogen bond
18. How to read the periodic table
Study Questions:
1. Define both potential energy and kinetic energy and give an example of each.
2. How do elements differ from compounds?
3. Name and define the subatomic particles that are part of an atom. How do they differ from each other? How do these differences contribute to the properties of atoms and molecules?
4. What is an atom? Give an example.
5. What is the difference between atomic number and atomic weight?
6. Determine the atomic number and atomic weight of the following:
a. Carbon
b. Oxygen
c. Nitrogen
d. Phosphorus
e. Calcium
f. Hydrogen
g. Selenium
h. Manganese
7. Where is the mass number put with respect to an element’s symbol?
8. What does the subscript number to the left of an element’s symbol indicate?
9. What is the difference between 12C and 14C?
10. In #9 above, what is 14C called?
11. What is a valence electron? Why are they important?
12. Draw a structural formula for the following:
a. CH4
b. NaCl
c. O2
d. H2O
13. Which of the structures in #12 above have or can form:
a. Single covalent bonds
b. Ionic bonds
c. Double covalent bonds
d. Hydrogen bonds
14. Which of the structures in #12 above are:
a. Polar? Why are they polar?
b. Nonpolar? Why?
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