Examination of the Breast

BREAST

History

• • Age-

  • Residence-

  • Social Status-

  • Lump-

  • Pain-

  • Discharge from nipple-

  • Retraction of nipple-

  • Loss of weight-

  • Past History-

  • Personal History-

  • Family History-

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

Local examination

INSPECTION-

• 1. Breasts-

  2. Skin over the Breast-

  3. Nipple-

  4. Areola-

  5. Arm & Thorax-

  6. Axilla & Supraclavicular fossa-

  7. The patient is asked to raise her arms above her head-

PALPATION-

• 1. Local temperature & tenderness-

  2. Situation-

  3. Number-

  4. Size & Shape-

  5. Surface-

  6. Margin-

  7. Consistency-

  8. Fluctuation-

  9. Transillumination test-

  10. Fixity to the skin-

  11. Fixity to the breast tissue-

  12. Fixity to the underlying fascia and muscles-

  13. Fixity to the chest wall-

  14. Palpation of the nipple-

EXAMINATION OF LYMPH NODES-

A. Palpation of the axillary group of lymph nodes-

• 1. Pectoral group-

  2. Brachial group-

  3. Subscapular group-

  4. Central group-

  5. Apical group-

B. Palpation of Cervical lymph nodes-

General Examination-

Special investigation for Breast disease

Differential diagnosis for breast disease

CLINICAL WORKUP OF A PATIENT WITH BREAST LUMP

Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

Breast Examination