Studying Chinese 学中文
Learning Objectives
In this lesson, you will learn to use Chinese to
• Comment on one’s performance in an exam;
• Comment on one’s character writing;
• Talk about one’s experience in learning Chinese vocabulary and grammar;
• Talk about one’s study habits;
• Remark on typical scenes from one’s language class.
Relate and Get ready
In your own culture/community,
1. How do people convey that they have done well in a course of study?
2. How do people convey that they have done poorly in a course of study?
3. What are considered good study habits for a foreign language student?
3/21/19
L-1 Vocabulary 1
http://quizlet.com/28200418/2-studying-chinese-vocab-flash-cards/
http://quizlet.com/40305887/2-studying-chinese-vocab-without-pinyin-flash-cards/
1. 说话: shuo huà vo to talk
2. 话: huà n word; speech
3. verb+得+adj: de p (a structural particle) for describing how an action is done
4. 复习: fùxí v to review
5. 写 : xiě v to write
6. 慢: màn adj slow
7. 枝 / 支: zhī m (measure word for long, thin, inflexible objects such as pens, rifles, etc.)
8. 张 : zhāng m (measure word for flat objects, paper, pictures, etc.)
9. 纸: zhǐ n paper
10. 教: jiāo v to teach
11. 怎么: zěn me qpr how; how come
12. 懂/明白: dŏng/míng bai v to understand
13. 真: zhēn adv really [See Grammar 2.]
14. 预习: yùxí v to preview
15. 第 : dì (prefix for ordinal numbers: #1, the first place......)
第四课: Lesson #4
第二天: the second day
第一名: the first place
第一年: the first year
16. 语法: yŭ fǎ n grammar
17. 容易: róng yì adj easy
18. 难: nán adj difficult
19. 简单: jiǎn dān adj simple
20. 复杂: fù zá adj complicated
21. 多: duō adj many; much
22. 汉字: Hàn zì n Chinese characters
23. 特别 : tè bié especially + adj. (not nouns)
24. 平常/平时: (píng cháng/(píng shí) normally
25. 早: zǎo adj early
26. 晚: wǎn adj late
27. 这么: zhème pr so; this (late, etc.)
28. 早上: zǎo shang t morning
29. 开始 kāi shǐ v/n to begin, to start; beginning
30. 念/读: (niàn/dú) v to read aloud
31. 课文: kèwén n text of a lesson
32. 帅 :shuài adj handsome
33. 酷: kù adj cool
34. 发音: (fā yīn)pronunciation
35. 以为: (yi wei)mistakenly thought that......
Vocab Quiz on 3/26/19
http://quizlet.com/28200418/2-studying-chinese-vocab-flash-cards/
http://quizlet.com/40305887/2-studying-chinese-vocab-without-pinyin-flash-cards/
3/21-22/19
Vocab practice:
Work with a partner. You each either take odd or even numbers of the new vocab list, or the first or second half of the list, use the words to make sentences. Email it to both your partner and Wang Laoshi. You have to make corrections on each other's work. Then email it back to your partner and cc it to Wang Laoshi. You will be graded on both your own work and your corrections/editing work.
3/26/19
1. Vocab Quiz
Bench Mark Lesson
L-2 Language Notes
1. Like 行吗 (xíng ma) and 好吗, the expression 好不好 (is it OK?) can also be used to seek someone’s approval of a proposal.
2. 哪里 (nǎli), which literally means “where,” is a polite reply to a compliment. In recent times, however, 哪里has become somewhat old-fashioned. Many people will respond to a compliment by saying 是吗 (shì ma, is that so). Some young people in urban areas will also acknowledge a compliment by saying 谢谢 (xièxie, thanks) instead.
3. Both 早上 and 上午 are usually translated as“morning,” but the two Chinese words are not interchangeable.
早上 refers to early morning; and 上午 to the latter part of the morning or to the first half of the day (until noon). 早 /你早(Good morning!) is heard quite often in Chinese cities. Other morning greetings, such as 早上好 and 早安 (zǎo ān), still sound rather formal to many Chinese people.
4. 帅 (shuài) is used to describe a handsome—usually young man. To describe an attractive woman one uses the word 漂亮 (piào liang, pretty). he term 好看 (hǎo kàn, good-looking) is gender neutral, and can be used for people of either sex and in any age group.
L-3 Grammar
1. Descriptive Complements (I)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpQr9S_VSUs
The particle 得 (de) can be used after a verb or an adjective. This lesson mainly deals with 得 (de) as it appears after a verb. What follows 得 (de) in the construction introduced in this lesson is called a descriptive complement, which can be an adjective, an adverb, or a verb phrase. In this lesson, the words that function as descriptive complements are all adjectives. These complements serve as comments on the actions expressed by the verbs that precede 得 (de).
1. 他写字写得很好。 (He writes characters well.)[很好very well) is a comment on the action 写 (to write).]
2. 他昨天睡觉睡得很晚。 (He went to bed late last night.)[很晚very late) is a comment on the action 睡觉 ]
3.妹妹歌唱得很好。 (My younger sister sings beautifully.)[很好very well) is a comment on the action 唱 ]
If the complement is an adjective, it is usually preceded by 很as is the case when an adjective is used as a predicate. If the verb is followed by an object, the verb has to be repeated before it can be followed by the “得 (de) + Complement” structure, e.g., 写字写得in (1). By repeating the verb, the “verb + object” combination preceding it becomes a “topic” and the complement that follows serves as a comment on it. The first verb can be omitted if the meaning is clear from the context, as in (3).
王老师说(optional)中文说得很好。
他踢(optional)足球踢得很好。
2. The Adverbs 太 (tài, too) and 真 (zhēn, really)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQdiWzMitsk
When adverbs 太 (too) and 真 (really) are used in exclamatory sentences, they convey in most cases not new factual information but the speaker’s approval, disapproval, etc. If the speaker wants to make a more “objective” statement or description, other intensifiers such as 很, or 特别 (tèbié, especially) are often used in place of 太 or 真 .
A: 他写字写得怎么样？ (How well does he write characters?)
One would normally answer:
B: 他写字写得很好。 (He writes characters very well.) rather than: B 1: 他写字写得真好。
Compare B1 with C below: (Lesson 7 • Studying Chinese 181)
C: 小李，你写字写得真好！你可以教我吗？(Little Li, you write characters really well! Could you teach me?)
When 太 (tài, too) is used in an exclamatory sentence, 了 (le) usually appears at the end of the sentence:
L-4 Translate:
这个电影太有意思了！
我的语法太不好了！ 我得多练习。
你跳舞跳得太好了。
She speaks Chinese really well!
The building is really high!
My uncle's job is too busy!
3. The Adverb 就 (jiù) (I)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kS4a1PDVxQM
The adverb 就 (jiù) is used before a verb to suggest the earliness, briefness, or quickness of the action.
他明天七点就得上课。(He has to go to class [as early as] at 7:00am tomorrow.)
我们八点看电影, 他七点半就来了。(We [were supposed to] see the movie at 8:00, but he came [as early as] 7:30.)
* If use 就 for a past action, you must use 了at the end of the sentence. However, even use 才for a past action, 了is not required.
就 (jiù) and 才 (cái) compared
The adverb 就 suggests the earliness or promptness of an action in the speaker's judgment.
The adverb 才 is the opposite. It suggests the tardiness or lateness of an action as perceived by the speaker.
A: 八点上课，小白七点就来了。 (Class started at 8:00, but Little Bai came [as early as] 7:00.)
B : 八点上课，小张八点半才来。 (Class started at 8:00, but Little Zhang didn’t come until 8:30.)
A: 我昨天五点就回家了。 (Yesterday I went home when it was only 5:00.) (The speaker thought 5:00 was early.)
B : 我昨天五点才回家。(Yesterday I didn’t go home until 5:00.) (The speaker thought 5:00 was late.)
When commenting on a past action, 就 (jiù) is always used with 了 (le) to indicate promptness, but 才 (cái) is never used with 了.
4. Double Objects
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyhW_K1n1UQ
Some verbs can take two objects. The object representing a person, persons, or an animate entity precedes the one representing an inanimate thing.
老师教我们生词和语法。 (The teacher teaches us vocabulary and grammar.)
大哥给了我一瓶水。(My big brother gave me a bottle of water.)
你教我汉字，可以吗？ (Will you teach me Chinese characters, please?)
我想问你一个问题。(I’d like to ask you a question.)
5. Ordinal Numbers
Ordinal numbers in Chinese are formed by placing 第 (dì) before cardinal numbers, e.g., 第一(the first), 第二杯茶 (second cup of tea), 第三个月 (the third month). However, 第 (dì) is not used in names of months: 一月, 二月, 三月 (January, February, March). Neither is it used to indicate the birth order of siblings: 大哥, 二哥, 三哥 (oldest brother, second older brother, third older brother); 大姐, 二姐, 三姐 (oldest sister second older sister, third older sister).
6. 有（一）点儿 (somewhat, rather; a little bit)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOKZotmeX94&t=45s
The phrase 有一点儿precedes adjectives or verbs. It often carries a negative tone. The 一in the phrase is optional.
我觉得中文有(一)点儿难。(I think Chinese is a little bit difficult.)
However, you cannot say *我觉得中文有(一)点儿容易。 *(I think Chinese is a little bit easy.)
我觉得这一课生词有点儿多。(I think there are a few too many new words in this lesson.)
[The speaker is complaining about it.]
However, when the sentence suggests a change of the situation, the phrase 有一点儿
我以前不喜欢他, 现在有(一)点儿喜欢他了。(I used to dislike him, but now I somewhat like him.)
[以前 yǐ qián = previously or before. ]
Take care not to confuse 有一点儿 (a little), which is an adverbial used to modify adjectives, with 一点儿 (a little), which usually modifies nouns. In the abovesentences, 有一点儿 cannot be replaced by 一点儿. Compare:
给我一点儿咖啡。 (Give me a little coffee.)
给我一点儿时间。 (Give me a little time.)
我有一点儿忙。 (I am kind of busy.) You cannot say *我一点儿忙。
她有一点儿不高兴。 (She is a little bit unhappy.) You cannot say*她一点儿不高兴。
L-5 Language Practice
A. Verb + 得 (de) + Complement
Describe how Little Wang does things based on the keywords given. Pay attention to the structure of the verbs involved.
Example: 考试kǎo shì (VO) + 好 (VO)
→ 小王常常考试 → 考得很好。
1. 睡觉 (VO) 晚→
2. 喝咖啡 (VO) 多→
3. 写字 (VO) 快→
4. 预习 (V) 不错→
5. 工作 (V) 好→
B. 太…了 (tài…le, too) and 真 (zhēn, really)
There are things around you that amaze you. Practice how to mark your comments using exclamatory sentences.
Example: 汉字 有意思
→ 汉字太有意思了！or → 汉字真有意思！
1. 老师家 漂亮 → or →
2. 考试 容易 → or →
3. 语法 难 → or →
4. 同学的中文 好 → or →
5. 我写字 慢 → or →
C. 有一点儿 (a little bit) + adjective
Instead of making a big fuss over your Chinese class, how about toning down your complaints a little and rephrasing with 有一点儿 (a little bit) + adjective?
Example: 语法 难 → 语法有一点儿难。
1. 第七课的生词 多 →
2. 我们的考试 难 →
3. 中文课 早 →
4. 汉字 难 →
5. 老师说话 快 →
D. Compare your relative strengths with a partner.
Example:
A: 你唱歌唱得怎么样？
B: 我唱歌唱得... ，你呢？
1.
2.
3.
L-6 E. Q & A
Suppose you want to talk to your Chinese conversation partner about your Chinese study. To get ready for the conversation, you anticipate some of your partner’s questions and give your answers.
Example: 学中文
→ Q: 你学中文学得 怎么样？
A : 我学中文 学得…… 。
1. 说中文
2. 写汉字
3. 预习生词
4. 复习语法
L-7 Grammar
7. 怎么 (zěn me, how; how come) in Questions
怎么is an interrogative pronoun. It is often used to ask about the manner of an action as in (1), and sometimes the reason or the cause of an action, as in (2) and (3) below.
1.请你教我怎么写“懂”这个字。 (Please teach me how to write the character “dong.”)
2.你怎么才来？ (How come you’ve just arrived?)
3. 你怎么没去看电影？ (Why didn’t you go to the movie?)
Both 怎么 (how come) and 为什么 (why) are used to ask about the cause of or reason for something. However, 怎么conveys the speaker’s bewilderment or surprise whereas 为什么does not.
8. The 的 (de) Structure (I)
We have a 的 (de) structure when an adjective is followed by the structural particle 的 (de). Grammatically, a 的 (de) structure is equivalent to a noun. When Bai Ying'ai says, “他是一个男的.” it is clear from the context that she means a male (one). Another example:
我写了十个字，五个难的，五个容易的。 (I wrote ten characters, five difficult ones and five easy ones.)
9. The Use of Nouns and Pronouns in Continuous Discourse
If a noun serves as the unchanged subject in a continuous discourse, it's later appearances in the ensuing clauses or sentences generally should be substituted by an appropriate pronoun or simply omitted. The pronoun, in turn, can also be omitted after its first appearance.
1.小白很喜欢学中文。(她)晚上预习课文、复习语法、练习写汉字，常常很晚才睡觉。
(Little Bai likes to study Chinese very much. At night, she previews the text, reviews the grammar, and practices writing the characters. Often she doesn’t go to bed until very late.)
If we keep repeating the subject as seen in (2) or the pronoun as in (3), we will end up with a bunch of choppy, seemingly unrelated sentences:
2. 小白很喜欢学中文。小白晚上预习课文，小白复习语法、小白练习写汉字。小白 常常很晚才睡觉。
3. 小白很喜欢学中文。她晚上预习课文，她复习语法、她练习写汉字。她常常很晚才睡觉。
L-8 Language Practice
E. 怎么 (how come)
Use the words given, and practice how to ask your partner why he/she is not behaving as expected. It is quite unlike him/her.
Example: 来学校 早 vs. 晚→
你平常来学校来得很早，今天怎么这么晚？
1. 预习生词 好 vs. 不好 →
2. 念课文 快 vs. 慢 →
3. 考试 不错 vs. 不好 →
4. 写字 漂亮 vs. 难看(nánkàn, ugly) →
F. 才 vs. 就 (cái vs. jiù)
Choose 才(cái) or 就 (jiù) to indicate whether something takes place later or sooner than expected.
Examples:
a. 妈妈 6:00pm 回家 vs. 昨天晚上 6:30pm →
妈妈平常晚上 六点回家，昨天晚上六点半才回家。
b. 7:45am 吃早饭 vs. 今天早上 7:30am →
c. 高文中平常七点 三刻吃早饭，今天早上七点半就吃早饭了。
1. normally 8:00 am go to class vs. yesterday 8:15am →
2. normally 9:00am go to work vs. this morning 8:50am →
3. normally 9:00pm start homework vs. last Friday 8:00pm →
4. Wednesday gives quiz vs. Last Thursday →
5. Tuesday review grammar vs. Last Monday →
G. 真 (zhēn, really)
Practice how to praise or disapprove of something or someone using the words given.
Example: 这个学校 好。 → 这个学校真好。
1. Miss Li/pretty →
2. dance/interesting →
3. Mom's brother/good looking →
4. Chinese characters/difficult →
5. The grammar of this lesson/too much →
H. Pair Activity
You find your friend’s behavior rather inexplicable, so you ask:
今天是你妈妈的生日， 你怎么不/没……
明天你有考试， 你怎么不……
I. Translate and type in Chinese
Type up sentences based on the given information below:
Here is Mr. Li's usual schedule and a list of what actually happened yesterday:
The usual schedule What happened yesterday
9:00 study Chinese 8:45 studied Chinese
10:00 listen to the audio 9:30 listened to recordings
10:30 go to school 10:15 went to school
12:00 go home 12:30 returned home
13:00 have lunch 13:15 had lunch
1. Speaking Practice:
Ask each other of your daily routines:
Example:
A: 你平常几点开始上中文课？
B: 我平常上午九点 开始上中文课。 可是我昨天上午八点三刻 就开始上中文课了。
1. listen to the audio
2. go to school
3. go home
4. have lunch
3/28/19
L-9 Translate:
（ 王朋跟李友说话）
李友，你上个星期考试考得怎么样？
因为你帮我复习，所以考得不错。但是我写中国字写得太慢了！
是吗？以后我跟你一起练习写字，好不好 ？
那太好了！我们现在就写，怎么样？
好，给我一枝笔、一张纸。写什么字?
你教我怎么写“懂”字吧。
好吧。
你写字写得真好，真快。
哪里，哪里 。你明天有中文课吗？我帮你预习。
明天我们学第七课。第七课的语法很容易，我都懂，可是生词太多，汉字也有一点儿难。
没问题，我帮你。
L-10 Translate:
（李友跟白英爱说话）
白英爱，你平常来得很早，今天怎么这么晚？
我昨天预习中文，早上四点才睡觉，你也睡得很晚吗？
我昨天十点就睡了。因为王朋帮我练习中文，所以我功课做得很快。
有个中国朋友真好。
（ 上中文课）
大家早，现在我们开始上课。第七课你们都预习了吗？
预习了。
李友，请你念课文。…念得很好。你昨天晚上听录音了吧？
我没听。
但是她的朋友昨天晚上帮她学 习了。
你的朋友是中国人吗？
是。
他是一个男的，很帅，很酷，叫王朋。
4/1/19
L-11 Vocabulary List P2
聪明: (cōng míng)smart
笨：(bèn) clumsy; not smart
脑子笨 ：(nǎo zi bèn) brain functions slowly; not very smart
用功:(yòng gōng) studious
成绩: (chéng jì) grades for school works (not for grade level)
分/分数: (fēn)/(fēn shù)points
期中考试: Midterm Exam
期末考试: final exam
反复地: (fǎn fù di) repeatedly
差: (chà)poorly done, lack of......
为了…… for/in order……
觉得/认为:(juéde)/(rènwéi) feel/think (mentally)
其实/实际上: (qí shí/shí jì shàng) actually
重要:(zhòng yào) important
好奇/有好奇心 （hào qí/yǒu hào qí xin) be curious about
有才（华）(yǒu cái huá) talented
有钱 (yǒu qián) rich
有名 (yǒu míng) famous
有意思 (yǒu yì si) interesting
新 (xīn) new
旧 (jiù) old (only for things)
年轻 (nián qīng) young
老 (lǎo) old (only for people's age)
瘦 (shòu) skinny
胖 (pàng) fat
A 比 B…+adj: (bǐ)compare A withB …
比较:(bǐ jiào) relatively......(+adj)
A 没有Ｂ那么＋ＡＤＪ A is not that...... as B
A 比B 难多了／难很多／难得多(NEVER USE 很难）(A bǐ B nán duō le/nán hěn duō/nán de duō) A is MUCH MORE difficult than B.
Ａ跟Ｂ一样＋adj(聪明，高，漂亮．．．）(A gēn B yí yàng + adj.)
A is as smart, tall, pretty...... as B)
得/得到: (dé/dé dào) to get/ to obtain
得: (déi) must to/need to
不得不 ：(bù dé bù) have no other choice but to...
得了/算了！：(dé le/suàn le ) Forget it!
已经: already
手表: shou biao a wrist watch
相机/照相机: xiang ji/ zhao xiang ji a camera
以后: yi hou from now on; later on; after......
糟糕: zao gao terrible/bad
糟糕了: Oh shoot!/ Oh no!
(Quiz on 4/5/19)
https://quizlet.com/128235148/2-studying-chinese-p2-no-pinyin-flash-cards/
https://quizlet.com/30636521/2-studying-chinese-p2-with-pinyin-flash-cards/
2. Grammar Note: Comparison
比(bǐ)…: compare with… (person/thing/action)
* You cannot use “很” before the adj.
L-12 A & B Comparison
A & B Comparison
1）比(bǐ)…E
A比B高/好/有钱。
A比B高很多/高得多/高一点儿。
Ex:
我比她高: I am taller than Her.
你比她高很多/高得多: I am much taller than Her.
* You cannot use “很” before the adj.
王老师的女儿比王老师高一点儿。
4. 这个相机(xiang ji Camera)比那个相机贵很多。
5. 爷爷比外公老三岁。
6. 虽然写西班牙语比写汉字容易很多，可是西班牙语的语法比中文的(语法)复杂得多。
7. 黄叔叔比白先生有钱。
8. 董小姐比王老师年轻很多。
9. 我的听力比他的(听力)好一点儿。
2）A is NOT as tall as…..
A没有B(那么)高。
1. 弟弟没有我高，他的考试成绩没有我的（考试成绩）好。
2．学日语没有学中文那么难。
3. 中文的教室没有法语的教室那么冷。
我的听力没有写作那么好。
3）A is the talk as B
A跟B一样高。
胡先生跟刘教授一样聪明。
李医生跟张护士一样有爱心。
刘律师跟高中的校长一样没有钱。
奶奶跟姥姥一样矮。
Translate:
1. 妈妈的手表比刘阿姨的手表贵得多。
2. 美国人比英国人多很多。
3. 表哥没有叔叔聪明。
4. 虽然印度比中国小很多，可是印度
比越南大得多。
5. 舅舅打高尔夫球打得跟外公一样糟糕。
6. 他的相机没有我的相机好。
7. 我的口语比他的(口语)好一点儿。
８．学开车没有学滑冰那么难。
９．李厨师跟刘老师一样胖。
１０．赵会计比王律师老很多。
L-13 比(bǐ)较(jiào)/较(jiào): to compare, relatively
Translate:
1. 西班牙语的语法比较复杂。
2. 中文的汉字比较难写。
3. 中文比较英文，我觉得中文比较难。
4. 写作和阅读比较，阅读比写作容易。
4/2
3. L-14 Translate:
Accountant Liu does not have as much money as Attorney Mao.
Mr. Gold is skinnier than Grandpa Tian.
Ms. Deng's watch is relatively new.
Mrs. Gu is a lot more curious than her daughter.
Old Ding's building is much older than Little Song's office.
Miss Luo is not as talented as Teacher Xia.
Old Yang is far more interesting than Chef Lin
Remembering new words is far more important than grammar.
Learning foreign languages is just as important as learning English.
Having good grades is less important than being hard working.
L-15 Grammar Note “3 得s”
Translate:
A. action + verb + 得(de) adj ：describe how is the action
1. 李阿姨跳舞跳得很好。
2. 哥哥游泳游得很快。
B. 得(dé): to receive/to get
1. 昨天的中文考试我得了一百分，我很高兴。
2. 上周我们学校的足球队(duì)得了第一名。
3. 他的小考得了多少分？
*得了！得了！: Forget it/Never mind! Same as 算了
C. 得(děi): need to/have to/must to
1. 我得先去上物理课，然后上化学课。
2. 学中文时，我们得练习听力，口语，和阅读。
3. 下周一有语文期中考试，我得复习语法和写作。
4. 你得反复听录音，因为听录音对练习听力很有用。
5. 我得先上课，后吃午饭。
D. 不得不: have to (no other options)
1. 因为下周有期末考试，所以我不得不复习。
2. 因为我的车不好用，所以我不得不走路上学。
3. 除了生词以外，他不得不练习口语。
4. 不管是大考还是小考，你都不得不每天复习。
4/3/19
L-16 Reading Comprehension (translate)
你觉得学外语重要吗？我觉得学习外语真的很重要，特别是中文。我以为中文的语法很难，其实真的很容易。我认为西班牙语的语法不那么简单。我觉得西班牙语的语法比中文的语法复杂很多。可是我们中文的每一课王老师都让我们学很多的生词。太多了！ 我每天晚上都得预习生词的中文的发音和英文的意思。因为每一课王老师都给我们一个生词的小考。所以我们今年已经学了很多的中文。我们的口语也比以前好多了。为了得到好的成绩，我每天都复习十五分钟的生词。我的朋友以为我不会说中文，其实我现在说得比较好。我觉得虽然我没有我的朋友那么聪明，可是我比他用功。因为他不用功，所以他每次考试的成绩都比较差。 我的期末考试的分数真高。我觉得学生们不但要聪明，而且得用功。 你上个星期考试考得怎么样？因为你帮我复习了，所以我考得真不错。但是我写汉字写得太慢了！我写汉字写得真糟糕。以后我跟你一起练习写汉字，好不好？希望有一天，我写汉字跟你写得一样好！
4/5/19
1. Vocab Quiz
2. Practice for L-17 Speaking Test ( on 4/11/19)
Talk about Studying Chinese
You will have a conversation with me based on the topic. We each have to ask/answer at least 6 questions that are related to the topic. You must use various conjunction words, such as “not only, but also”, “although”, “but….”, “because… therefore”, “besides……”, “first, then, finally……” and a variety of vocabulary. Below is just an example for your reference, you do not need to follow the exact conversation.
1. I: Do you feel/think learning Chinese is difficult?
1. You: I think/feel it is a little bit difficult, especially writing Chinese/speaking……
2. I: What is most difficult?
2. You: I think Listening/speaking/reading/writing is most difficult.
3. I: What do you think of Chinese grammar?
3. You: Although writing Characters is complicated. But I think Chinese Grammar is easier than Spanish/French?
4. I: How well do you do usually on your test/quiz?
4. You: Usually I do well/not bad/bad on my test/quiz.
5. I: How do you practice Chinese?
5. You: I usually do homework/review new words every day.
6. I: How do you do homework?
6. You: I usually type in Chinese on cellphone, then email it to my Chinese teacher.
https://quizlet.com/76592297/2-speaking-studying-chinese-flash-cards/
4/8 and 4/9/19
1.Practice for the speaking test
2. L-18 Writing Practice (Test on 4/25/19)
Write about your perspective on learning Chinese. You must include but not limited to the followings:
1. Compare languages (English, Chinese, Spanish, & French). Make sure you will use the comparison structures.
2. What other languages do you want to learn? Why?
3. What aspect (listening, reading, speaking and writing are you good/bad at?
4. How do you practice for Chinese language and why?
5. How did you think about Chinese, did you think it was too difficult to learn? How about your thoughts now?
6. Comparing all of your ability in listening, speaking, reading & writing in Chinese, what is your strong suits and why?
4/23/19
1. Practice for the writing test
2. L-19 reading practice
Translate then converse in Chinese
我觉得学中文真的很有用。以前，我以为学中文太难了。可是现在我觉得虽然写汉字比较难，但是中文的语法其实很简单。尤其是中文的语法比西班牙语的语法容易多了。西班牙语的语法真的很复杂。
王老师每天都教我们怎么说和怎么写中文。我们平常先学习生词，然后练习句子，最后从英文翻译到中文，而且得打字，有时用电子邮件发给老师，或者是用打印机打印出来。如果我们有问题的话，我们就问老师，她总是会给我们答案。
为了下个月末的期末考试，我不但每天得预习生词，而且还得练习口语，听力，和阅读。我虽然不很聪明，可是我很用功。我每天都复习生词，因为生词很重要。我觉得听力和口语最难。虽然我反复听录音，可是还是听不懂。我觉得他们说中文说得太快了。而且，因为我的发音不太好，我说中文说得马马虎虎。我非常希望能考得很好，一百分，得第一名。谢天谢地，我的好朋友每天帮我学习中文。
L- 20 Cultural Highlights
1. Traditionally, paper, ink sticks, writing brushes, and ink stones are known as the four“treasures” of the scholar’s study.
2. In the 1950s, as part of the campaign to raise the nation’s literacy rate, the government of the People’s Republic of China set out to simplify some of the more complex characters, or 汉字 (Hànzì). That accounts for the bifurcation of 简体字 (jiǎn tǐ zì, simplified characters) and 繁体字 (fán tǐ zì, traditional characters, or, literally, complex characters.) Currently, simplified characters are used in mainland China and Singapore. However, people in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and many Chinese diasporas still write traditional characters. Many of the simplified characters were actually not new inventions. They had been used at different times in China’s long history, and a few of them even have a longer history than their fantizi counterparts. The additional burden on Chinese learners caused by this bifurcation is actually not as onerous as it may appear. After all, many of the characters were not affected. Traditionally, the Chinese wrote vertically from top to bottom, and from right to left. Store signs and placards, however, were often inscribed horizontally, typically from right to left. Now almost everyone in China writes horizontally from left to right. But the traditional way of writing is still kept alive in calligraphy.
3. For many centuries the Chinese wrote with a 毛笔 (máobǐ), or “writing brush,” as it is called in English. But nowadays people have switched to more convenient Western-style writing instruments such as 铅笔 (qiān, pencils), 钢笔 (gang bǐ, fountain pens), and 圆珠笔 (yuán zhū bǐ, ballpoint pens), which are also known in Taiwan as 原子笔 (yuánzi bǐ).The traditional 毛笔is now used almost exclusively in calligraphy.
4. The term 文房四宝 (wénfáng sìbào, “Four Treasures of the Studio”) is often used to refer to traditional Chinese stationery, which usually includes 笔 (writing brushes), 墨 (mò, ink sticks), 纸 (zhǐ, paper), and 砚 (yàn, ink stones). The traditional paper for writing and painting is known as 宣纸 (xuān zhǐ), named after its most famous place of production, 宣城 (xuān chéng) in Anhui Province. Ink is made by grinding an ink stick on an ink stone with water. Two of the most famous kinds of ink stones are called 端砚 (du􀄅nyàn) and 歙砚 (shèyàn) from Guangdong and Anhui respectively. Many are carved. Ink sticks are typically made from burnt pinewood with a binding agent and an aromatic substance. Antique ink sticks and ink stones are highly prized collectibles.
L-21 Look at the English Text and speak in Chinese
Dialogue I
(Wang Peng is talking with Li You.)
A: How did you do on last week’s exam?
B: Because you helped me review, I did pretty well, but I am too slow at writing the Chinese characters.
A: Really? I’ll practice writing characters with you from now on. How’s that?
B: That would be great! Let’s do it right now, OK?
A: OK. Give me a pen and a piece of paper. What character should we write?
B: Why don’t you teach me how to write the character “dŏng” (to understand)?
A: Fine.
B: You write characters really well, and very fast, too.
A: You flatter me. Do you have Chinese class tomorrow? I’ll help you prepare for it.
B: Tomorrow we’ll study Lesson Seven. The grammar for Lesson Seven is easy; I can understand all of it. But there are too many new words, and the Chinese characters are a bit difficult.
A: No problem. I’ll help you.
3. L-22
Dialogue II
(Li You is talking with Bai Ying’ai.)
A: Bai Ying’ai, you usually come very early. How come you got here so late today?
B: Yesterday I was preparing for Chinese. I didn’t go to bed till four o’clock in the morning. Did you go to bed very late, too?
A: No, yesterday I went to bed at ten. Because Wang Peng helped me practice
Chinese, I finished my homework very quickly.
B: It’s so great to have a Chinese friend.
(In Chinese class)
A: Good morning, everyone. Let’s begin. Have you all prepared for Lesson Seven?
B: Yes, we have.
A: Li You, would you please read the text aloud? ...You read very well. Did you listen to the tape recording last night?
B: No, I didn’t.
A: But her friend helped her study yesterday evening.
B: Is your friend Chinese?
A: Yes.
C: It’s a he. He’s handsome and cool. His name is Wang Peng.
Progress Checklist
Before proceeding to Lesson 8, be sure you can complete the following tasks in Chinese:
I am able to—
ü Describe how well or badly I did on a test;
ü Describe the way one reads, writes, and speaks Chinese;
ü Ask someone to help me with my Chinese;
ü Explain how I prepare for my Chinese class;
ü Describe my experiences in learning Chinese.
Please review the lesson if any of these tasks seem difficult.
4/25/19
1. Writing test
2. Google Form Assessment