Module 11: Over There!

Over There

America's involvement in World War I began in earnest after President Woodrow Wilson's declaration of war in April 1917, as the nation mobilized to support the beleaguered Allies. The American Expeditionary Force (AEF), led by General John J. Pershing, was assembled and sent to the Western Front to provide crucial reinforcements. American soldiers, affectionately known as "doughboys," quickly became a symbol of U.S. military strength and determination. Their arrival was timely, as the Allies were struggling to withstand the German Spring Offensive, a series of attacks that aimed to break the stalemate on the Western Front and secure victory before American troops could fully deploy.

One of the first major engagements for American forces was the Battle of Belleau Wood in June 1918. This fierce battle showcased the tenacity and fighting spirit of the doughboys, as they faced heavily fortified German positions. The battle was pivotal in establishing the reputation of American troops; their valor and effectiveness in combat helped turn the tide in favor of the Allies. The success at Belleau Wood, along with other engagements, demonstrated the growing proficiency of American forces and solidified their role as a decisive factor in the war.

As American involvement continued to expand, the AEF played a critical role in several key offensives that helped to ultimately weaken German forces. The combination of fresh American troops and the exhaustion of the German army from prolonged fighting contributed to the collapse of German morale. By the fall of 1918, the Allies launched a series of successful offensives, culminating in the armistice on November 11. America's entry into World War I not only marked a significant turning point in the conflict but also laid the groundwork for the United States' emerging role as a global power in the post-war world.