Chapter 9: Photosynthesis

Essential Questions:

How does the structure of ATP relate to the molecule’s ability to store and release chemical energy?
What is the relationship of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the transformation of energy and cycling nutrients?

Content Objectives:

Describe why ATP is useful to cells.
Describe what happens during the process of photosynthesis.
Explain the role of pigments in the process of photosynthesis.
Describe the role of electron-carrier molecules.
Identify the reactants and products of photosynthesis.
Explain what happens during the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
Identify the factors that affect photosynthesis.

Language Objectives:

Standards Addressed:

HS-LS1-5. Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis uses light energy to transform water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and chemical energy stored in the bonds of sugars and other carbohydrates.
HS-LS1-6. Construct an explanation based on evidence that organic molecules are primarily composed of six elements, where carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms may combine with nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus to form monomers that can further combine to form large carbon-based macromolecules.
HS-LS2-4. Use a mathematical model to describe the transfer of energy from one trophic level to another. Explain how the inefficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels affects the relative number of organisms that can be supported at each trophic level and necessitates a constant input of energy from sunlight or inorganic compounds from the environment.
HS-LS2-5. Use a model that illustrates the roles of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, decomposition, and combustion to explain the cycling of carbon in its various forms among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.

Assignment #1: Reading

Read Chapter 9 and take notes.

9.1: Energy and Life

Chemical Energy and ATP
Heterotrophs and Autotrophs

9.2: Photosynthesis: An Overview

Chlorophyll and Chloroplasts
High-Energy Electrons
An Overview of Photosynthesis

9.3: The Process of Photosynthesis

The Light-Dependent Reactions: Generating ATP and NADPH
The Light-Independent Reactions: Producing Sugars
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

How does ATP store and provide energy for the cell?
Describe the transformation of energy that occurs during photosynthesis.
How are heterotrophs and autotrophs similar? How are they different?
Develop a model to illustrate the role of photosynthesis in transforming energy. Include the terms photosynthesis, sun, light energy, chemical energy, carbohydrates and bonds.
What is chlorophyll? What is its role in photosynthesis?
What is NADP+? Describe its function in photosynthesis.
Identify the reactants, products, and basic functions of photosynthesis.
Draw a model to show how the process of photosynthesis impacts both the flow of energy and the cycling of carbon through the atmosphere and biosphere.
What role do ADP and ATP play in the light-dependent and light-independent reactions?
Use figure 9-6 as a model to describe how the light-dependent and light-independent reactions transform light energy into stored chemical energy.
Why do organisms that perform photosynthesis require water and sunlight?
What is the role of ATP synthase in photosynthesis?
Describe three chemical changes that occur during the light-dependent reactions.
What do plants do with the high-energy sugar molecules they produce during the Calvin cycle?
Using a seperate piece of paper to draw a model that shows how the six carbon atoms that energy the Calvin cycle as carbon dioxide flow through the cycle.
In a laboratory experiment, a plant receives sunlight and water, but not carbon dioxide. Predict what happens to the plant and construction an explanation for prediction using what you know about the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

Vocabulary:

9.1: ATP, Photosynthesis

9.2: Pigment, Chlorophyll, Thylakoid, Stroma, NADP+, light-dependent reactions, light-independent reactions

9.3: Photosystem, Electron Transport Chain, ATP Synthase, Calvin Cycle

Answer the questions to the right and attach to google Classroom.

** Review the study guide portion of the text (Sections 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3)

*** Complete the Key Terms and Questions section of the book to prepare for your test.

**** Define the key terms!

Assignment #2: Lecture

Step 1: Review the provided presentation about cells and cellular transport.

** When you scroll over the presentation open the speaker notes. Make this full screen! You will be able to see the slide and the speaker notes!

Step 2: Create a photosynthesis diagram with labels and descriptions of each of the components. The equation and where each of the reactants and products come from should be identified and explained.