Chapter 25: Animal Systems I

Essential Questions:

How does the circulatory system act as the major transport system through living organisms?
What is the role of each the digestive organs in the breakdown of each of the four organic molecules?
How do the organs of the excretory system relate to their function of removing metabolic waste from the body?
What is the role of the respiratory organs in the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen?

Content Objectives:

Explain how animals obtain food.
Describe how digestion occurs in animals.
Explain how mouth parts are adapted for different diets.
Describe the characteristics that the respiratory structures of all animals share.
Explain how aquatic animals breathe.
Identify the respiratory structures that enable land animals to breathe.
Compare open and closed circulatory systems.
Compare patterns of circulation in vertebrates.
Describe the methods animals use to manage nitrogenous wastes.
Explain how aquatic animals eliminate wastes.
Explain how land animals eliminate wastes and conserve water.

Language Objectives:

Standards Addressed:

HS-LS1-2. Develop and use a model to illustrate the key functions of animal body systems, including (a) food digestion, nutrient uptake, and transport through the body; (b) exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide; (c) removal of wastes; and (d) regulation of body processes.
HS-LS1-3. Provide evidence that homeostasis maintains internal body conditions through both body-wide feedback mechanisms and small-scale cellular processes.
HS-LS1-4. Construct an explanation using evidence for why the cell cycle is necessary for the growth, maintenance, and repair of multicellular organisms. Model the major events of the cell cycle, including (a) cell growth and DNA replication, (b) separation of chromosomes (mitosis), and (c) separation of cell contents.
HS-LS2-7. Analyze direct and indirect effects of human activities on biodiversity and ecosystem health, specifically habitat fragmentation, introduction of non-native or invasive species, overharvesting, pollution, and climate change. Evaluate and refine a solution for reducing the impacts of human activities on biodiversity and ecosystem health.
HS-LS4-4. Research and communicate information about key features of viruses and bacteria to explain their ability to adapt and reproduce in a wide variety of environments.

Language Objectives:

Students will...

Explain the role of hemoglobin through the circulatory system in by writing an expository essay using diagrams and modeled essay.

Assignment #1: Reading

Read Chapter 25 and take notes.

25.1: Feeding and Digestion

Obtaining Food
Processing Food

25.2: Respiration

Gas Exchange
Respiratory Surfaces of Aquatic Animals
Respiratory Surfaces of Terrestrial Animals

25.3: Circulation

Open and Closed Circulatory Systems
Single- and Double-Loop Circulation

25.4: Excretion

The Ammonia Problem
Excretion in Aquatic Animals
Excretion in Terrestrial Animals

Answer the questions to the right and attach to google Classroom.

** Review the study guide portion of the text (Sections 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3)

*** Complete the Key Terms and Questions section of the book to prepare for your test.

**** Define the key terms!

What is the difference between a parasitic symbiosis and a mutualistic symbiosis?
How might a person be affected if all the microorganisms living in his or her intestines died?
Describe how food is digested in a digestive cavity.
Describe the adaptations of the mouthparts of leaf eaters and meat eaters.
How is a digestive system like a "disassembly line," or an assembly line that acts to take apart a product instead of manufacturing it?
Why do you think aquatic animals that rely on diffusion for respiration are often small in size?
In what ways are the respiratory structures of all animals similar?
Compare the functions of gills and lungs in aquatic animals.
How do terrestrial invertebrates and terrestrial vertebrates breathe?
Why must whales hold their breath while they are underwater?
How are open and closed circulatory systems alike and different?
Explain the two different patterns of circulation found in vertebrates.
Describe the advantages of a four-chambered heart compared to hearts with two or three chambers.
Make a model to illustrate how respiratory structures interact with double-loop circulatory structures to provide oxygen to body tissues.
Why does the metabolic waste ammonia pose a problem for all animals?
How do kidneys help maintain water balance?
How do most aquatic animals remove ammonia?
In what form do the following excrete nitrogenous wastes?
1. Annelids and Mollusks
2. Insects and Arachnids
3. Mammals and Land Amphibians
4. Reptiles and Birds
Make a model to illustrate how kidneys interact with other systems to help maintain homeostasis while processing nitrogenous wastes.
Why are most terrestrial animals, including humans, not able to survive by drinking salt water?

Vocabulary:

25.1: Digestive Tract, Rumen

25.2: Gill, Lung, Alveolus

25.3: Heart, Open Circulatory System, Closed Circulatory System, Atrium, Ventricle

25.4: Excretion, Kidney, Nephridium, Malpighian Tubule

Assignment #2: Lecture

Step 1: Review the provided presentation about digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system and excretory systems.

** When you scroll over the presentation open the speaker notes. Make this full screen! You will be able to see the slide and the speaker notes!

Chapter 25: Animal Body Systems I

Assignment #3: Digestive System Paper Model

Step 1: Complete the paper model using the provided directions.

Digestive System Paper Model Cut-Outs.pdf

Digestive System Paper Model

Assignment #4: Digestive System Brochure

Step 1: Choose a common digestive problem from list below.

Diarrhea, constipation, acid indigestion (heartburn), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers, lactose intolerance, colorectal polyps and/or colorectal cancer

Step 2: Research your disease

Description, causes, symptoms, treatments
Labeled diagram of digestive system (where does your disease occur?)
Explanation of what happens to food as it passes through each of the digestive organs of the alimentary canal.
Focus question (title, created after research)

Step 3: Create a handwritten brochure or a digital brochure about the above information.

Lactose Intolerance

Ulcer

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GEAD)

Brochure Template

** Make a copy of the above google slide show to use as a template for your digital brochure.

Diarrhea

Constipation

Acid Indigestion (Heartburn)

Colorectal Polyps and/or colorectal cancer

Assignment #4: Heart Rate Lab

Step 1: Complete Pre lab questions

Step 2: Conduct Lab procedure using the appropriate equipment. And share your data with the class. Ms. Burnett's computer will calculate the class average.

Step 3: Analyze data and answer post lab questions.

Heart Rate Lab Activity- Academic