• Role/character: analysing the background, motivation, speech, and actions of characters to build roles; using voice, stance, gesture, and facial expression to portray character

• Relationship: analysing relationships to develop the interplay between characters

• Time and place: using props, costumes, and furniture to establish setting; modifying production elements to suit different audiences

• Tension: using various stage effects to produce specific audience reactions

• Focus and emphasis: using a wide range of devices to highlight the central theme for the audience; making deliberate artistic choices to sharpen focus