RELEVANT LEARNING OUTCOME:

(a) Explain the fluid mosaic model and the roles of the constituent biomolecules (including phospholipids, proteins, glycolipids, glycoproteins and cholesterol) in cell membranes.

(b)  Outline the functions of membranes at the surface of cells and membranes within the cell.

(c)  Explain how and why different substances move across membranes through simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis.