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RELEVANT LEARNING OUTCOME:
(a) Describe how the information on DNA is used to synthesise polypeptides. (Description of the processes of transcription, formation of mRNA from pre-mRNA and translation is required.)
Watch the video to observe the 3 stages of translation: initiation, elongation and termination.
💡Keywords for each stage of translation
💡Keywords for each stage of translation
Initiation
Initiation
translation initiation complex: initiation factors, small ribosomal subunit, large ribosomal subunit, special initiator tRNA and methionine
anticodon UAC on initiator tRNA complementary to start codon AUG at P site
GTP hydrolysis
Elongation
Elongation
codon recognition: second aminoacyl-tRNA held at A site, GTP hydrolysis
peptide bond formation: peptidyl-tRNA at A site, peptidyl transferase activity by large ribosomal subunit to form peptide bond
translocation: Uncharged tRNA moves from P to E site, peptidyl tRNA moves from A to P site, GTP hydrolysis
Termination
Termination
stop codon reaches A site
release factor held at A site
water added to hydrolyse polypeptide chain
Translation initiation complex dissociates
Here is another video on translation.
💡Conceptual Check 2
💡Conceptual Check 2
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Learning Goals Checkpoint
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Learning Goals Checkpoint
Attempt section 3, Qns 3 - 20 of this SLS lesson.
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