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RELEVANT LEARNING OUTCOME:
(a) Describe the events that occur during the mitotic cell cycle and the main stages of mitosis (including the behaviour of chromosomes, nuclear envelope, cell membrane and centrioles).
(b) Explain the significance of the mitotic cell cycle (including growth, repair and asexual reproduction) and the need to regulate it tightly (knowledge that dysregulation of checkpoints of cell division can result in uncontrolled cell division and cancer is required, but detail of the mechanism is not required).
Interphase
Interphase
👁️🗨️Watch the video and learn more about different phases of interphase and how they are important to prepare cells for the mitosis process.
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Learning Goals Checkpoint
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Learning Goals Checkpoint
Why must interphase occur before nuclear division?
Grow
Synthesise organelles, proteins and DNA
2. What are the events that occur during interphase?
G1 phase: synthesis of organelles, molecules
S phase: DNA replication and histone synthesis
G2 phase: synthesis of organelles, molecules, centriole replication
3. How does the amount of DNA change after interphase?
amount of DNA doubles
4. How does the amount of chromosome change after interphase?
Number of chromosomes remains the same
Sister chromatids remain joined at the centromere even though amount of DNA has doubled
Mitosis
Mitosis
👁️🗨️ Watch this video to find out more about the four phases of Mitosis and brief description of cytokinesis.
Cytokinesis in animal and plant cells
Cytokinesis in animal and plant cells
👁️🗨️ Note the difference between animal and plant cell's cytokinesis
In animal cell cytokinesis:
What are microfilaments and how are they involved in the process of animal cell cytokinesis?
What is cleavage furrow formation?
In plant cell cytokinesis:
What is the role of golgi vesicles in plant cell cytokinesis?
What is the component of cell plate?
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Conceptual Check 2
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Conceptual Check 2
With reference to the above figure, fill in the blanks in the following table.
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Learning Goals Checkpoint
🖊️Check Your Understanding: Learning Goals Checkpoint
What happen to the chromosome from prophase to telophase?
Prophase: chromatin fibres shorten and thicken by condensation form chromosomes
Metaphase: chromosomes arrange themselves at equator of spindle in single line
Anaphase: sister chromatids separate, Move to opposite poles of spindle
Telophase: Chromosomes uncoil and decondense, return to original threadlike form.
2. What happen to microtubule from prophase to telophase?
Prophase: Microtubules develop from centrioles to form aster, microtubules form spindle fibres
Metaphase: Kinetochore microtubules attach to kinetochore at centromere of each chromosome. Non-kinetochore microtubules extend from pole to pole.
Anaphase: Kinetochore microtubules shorten and separate sister chromatids, Non-kinetochore microtubules lengthen to elongate cell
Telophase: Spindle fibres disintegrate
🕹️SLS Activity
🕹️SLS Activity
Complete the SLS Assignment to reinforce your understanding of Mitosis
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