1) Select the learning targets and outcomes you will focus on

2) Create an outline of the subject matter (consider backwards design)

3) Create a table of specifications

4) Select the type of test items to use

5) Match the testing types to learning targets or outcomes

6) Determine the total number of testing items needed to master the learning objectives

7) arrange the test in logical order and prepare clear directions

Factors that obscure content knowledge:

• language development

• lexical knowledge

• listening ability

Additional tips:

• Promote self-evaluation skills

• Promote high expectations that are personalized and attainable

• remember that assessment is flawed (make assessment more frequent, student-centered, and non-confrontational)

• create student monitoring systems

• use unidimensional assessments

• promote the use of common assessments

• promote the creation of a showcase of career-related skills (ex. portfolio)

• encourage continuous documentation of skills and reflections by students