a visible framework for designing curriculum and instruction for all levels of learning.

Benefits:

• allows all students to gain knowledge, skills, and enthusiasm for learning

• provides rich supports for learning

• reduces curriculum barriers

• maintains high achievement standards for all learners

Systemic and Institutional Barriers:

• under resourced schools

• lack of social capital or family resources

• limited access to tenured teachers

• limited access to counseling

• less rigorous college prep courses

Exposure to discrimination and microaggressions:

• these experiences increase through adolescence

Additional barriers:

• poverty

• exclusionary discipline practices or policies

• implicit bias in school staff

• educator stress and burnout