When speaking in reference to Qualitative data, unstructured  or semi structured data refers to data that is collected while the practitioner participates in additional activities simultaneously (for example, a teacher monitoring behavior while taking field notes). Structured observations are the opposite and require the practitioner to focus solely on observing for the purpose of data collection. Observations are a means of collecting Qualitative data by carefully watching and systematically recording the behavior and incidents you see and hear during a set period of time in a certain situation. In a similar way, Qualitative data can similarily be collected through the use of interviews.  Structured interviews are comprised of a predetermined set of questions.  In a semi-structured interview, the practitioner will ask base questions, but is free to follow up with additional unscripted inquiries. Open ended interviews are based off of a few, very broad questions, allowing the practitioner to collect various types of data depending on the individual. A focus group, informal interview, or journal may also be used to collect Qualitative data.

Quantitative data collection occurs through surveys, questionnaires and rating scales.  Questions can range from open ended to closed-response, meaning that the participant must chose from a list of provided answers. A Likert scale gives the participant a statement, and asks them to respond on a scale of agreement. Practitioners may also use a Likert-like scale, similar in structure but not based on extent of agreement. Other forms of Quantitative data include checklists, standardized tests, and formative and summative assessments.