France
Each country section pertains to geography only at the time of the article references and with todays country.
Does not necessarily indicate indigenous to that country .
The indigenous western hunter gatherer was U5 and U6 mtDNA hg's in whole, or in part. U5 are Saami, and U6 are Imazighen. And if U-mtdna hg was the female companion of the R-Ydna hg then it stands to reason that the R1b were the decendants, and were in Britain at least 10,000 to 15,000 years ago just based on the Goughs cave, and Cheddar man finds. Malta boy found in Siberia was R Ydna dated to 24,000 ybp along with Venus figurines similar to ones found in Europe. U, U2, and U6 mtdna in Europe 43,000 ybp, and her ancestor mother N mtdna in Europe 47,000 ybp. U5 in Europe at least 31,000 ybp. Summing just this little bit of evidence tells that west Europe and Siberia were connected throughout the last 47,000 years at least.
Osismii
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osismii
The Osismii were a Gaulish tribe on the western Armorican peninsula. They were first described as the Ostimioi by the Greek geographer and traveller Pytheas in the fourth century BC.... The name Ostimioi means "the farthest" or "those at the end of the world"....
Celtic Tribes: the Osismii
https://housediedne.wordpress.com/2012/03/13/celtic-tribes-the-osismii/
This Gallic tribe inhabited the wild, westernmost region of the current-day Duchy of Bretagne. Despite their geographical isolation and independent-mindedness, the tribe eventually fell to the Romans during the Empire’s expansion under Caesar. However, the natives of this region were never fully Romanized, allowing traces of the Celtic culture to survive into the 13th century.... The druids of the Osismii used these monuments to assist in the practice of their particular magical specialization – travel into the Otherworld, where Celtic religion taught that the gods resided....
The true nature of the Otherworld was a mystery to the druids. Some believed that their own legends and myths had spawned the Otherworld as regiones within the Faerie Realm. Others held that these stories were based on actual magical spirits who resided in regiones within the Magic Realm. A third group maintained that the Otherworld seamlessly combined aspects and regiones of both Realms. The druids of the Osismii sought to find which theory was correct. They also sought access to the great wisdom and magical items that some adventurous, lucky mortals were fabled to have attained while visiting the land of the gods.
The magical technique by which the Osismii traveled into regiones was formalized within the framework of Hermetic Theory by the Diedne and her filii, as a Minor Mystery Virtue: Regio Transmigration....
The Celtic Encyclopedia By Harry Mountain
Osismii, Osi,
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, Volume 2
the peninsula of Bretagne Ostiaei Ostidamnii Osismii are evidently the same people...
The Triumphal Arch of Orange in France - Symbol of the Roman Empire
https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-europe/triumphal-arch-orange-0014310
The Romans left behind remarkable monuments and their influence on architecture cannot be overstated. Many of their public monuments commemorated a military victory and sought to legitimize their rule.... The triumphal arch was built to honor the veterans of Caesar’s conquest of Gaul and to serve as everlasting propaganda immortalized in stone. Augustus also built other public works, such as the nearby theatre, to develop the region and more importantly to proclaim the might of Rome.... Tiberius, the successor of Augustus, rebuilt the original arch to commemorate the victories of Germanicus in Germany, which avenged their disastrous defeat in 9 AD at Teutoberg Forest....
5 th century AD, the Visigoths sacked Orange during the twilight years of the Western Roman Empire. The arch was not damaged but at some point some of its reliefs were damaged and lost.... During the Middle Ages , the citizens of Orange integrated the arch into the walls of the city....