Preterite and Imperfect Verb Forms
Learning Targets
I can conjugate verbs in both past tenses: The Preterite and the Imperfect
I can accurately choose whether to use the preterite or imperfect with action verbs.
I can explain the differences in meaning in certain verbs when conjugated in the preterite vs imperfect.
Part 1
The Imperfect Conjugations and Practice
Remote students: Choose a lesson: 1) Spanish Dict or 2) the powerpoint I made slides 1-19
Highlights:
There are 3 irregulars: Ser, Ir, and Ver
AR regular verbs and ER/IR regular verbs have completely different endings
Main uses: Characteristics, Habits, Emotions, Age, Time & dates, Endless Activities (was ___ing), Descriptions in a story
Main translations: Someone did, used to do, would do, was doing
There are NO spelling changes, NO stem changers, NO meaning changes
2) On your own or for extra help: Lesson: Slides 1-19 below
After notes:
Practice Imperfect Conjugations/Meaning
Practice translating imperfect sentences on quizlet.
Practice conjugating imperfect verbs on quizlet.
Practice conjugating imperfect verbs on conjuguemos.com
Practice conjugating imperfect verbs on SpanishDict.com
translations of imperfect https://quizlet.com/_k6ub6
Kahoot? Quizizz?
Assignment: Complete slides 9, 10, 11, 15, and 16 after taking notes on the imperfect forms and translations.
Part 2: Preterite Conjugations and Practice
Flower Mat created by Sara Jaén of Spain: http://recursossj.blogspot.com/p/autor.html
Preterite #1: Regular AR verbs
Preterite #2: Regular AR verbs that require SPELLING CHANGES
Preterite #3: Regular ER/IR verbs
Preterite #4: Regular ER/IR verbs that require a SPELLING CHANGE
Preterite #5: Stem changing IR verbs
Preterite #6: 4 completely irregular verbs
Preterite #7: 13 members of an irregular family
Remember that there are several irregulars that get new stems and share endings.
Tener es tuve, estar estuve, ir es fui y tambien ser...
Señor Jordan has several preterite videos on his website. Start with lesson 18 under Videos Avanzados. Some are linked to my page below.
HIC (*HIZ)
Hacer is sometimes lumped together with the totally irregular verbs because of a spelling change in the 3rd person singular.
Hacer in the preterite usually means did/made but you should check out the dozens of other uses of hacer on SpanishDict.com.
Yo hice , Tú hiciste
Ella hizo *if we leave the C there, the CO says KO instead of SO, so we change the C to a Z to keep the sound.
Nosotros hicimos, Ellos hicieron
TUV
ESTUV
Tener and Estar have similar stems in the preterite.
Tuv and Estuv
Tuve usually signifies the moment something came into your possession or the moment you had to do something.
Estuve will be used to describe how you felt, what you were doing, or where you were at a specific moment or a measurable amount of time.
SUP
PUS
PUD
Saber, Poner and Poder all end up with similar stems.
Remember that saber and poder change meaning in the preterite.
Also remember to only use PUS when you're referring to "put" as a past tense, measurable activity. "Put" in English is both past and present.
DIJ
CONDUJ, TRAJ, TRADUJ
These 4 verbs all have stems ending in J. This will cause their "ellos" form to drop the letter i.
Dijeron
trajeron
condujeron
tradujeron
VIN
QUIS
Venir and Querer both have the letter I in their new stems.
Remember that Querer changes meaning in the preterite.
Haber (Present, Preterite and Imperfect)
Practice preterite conjugations:
Annoying regular preterite https://quizlet.com/_2k9hlt
Irregular Preterite: https://quizlet.com/_2kigyb
Regular preterite: https://quizlet.com/_d50yw
Mixed Preterite with reflexive and chore vocab: https://quizlet.com/_2ji7ge
On conjuguemos.com: https://conjuguemos.com/verb/136
On Spanish Dict (there are several different lessons on preterite, so look for what you need) http://www.spanishdict.com/guide/spanish-preterite-tense-forms
Using preterite and imperfect in same sentence
When you are communicating, sometimes you have more than 1 verb in your idea. Sometimes, you'll use 1 imperfect verb and 1 preterite verb.
Preterite Interrupts Imperfect
This image first shows that sometimes an action is already happening when an event interrupts, putting an end to what was happening. The action that was happening is imperfect, and the event that interrupted is preterite.
Yo estaba corriendo y me caí. I was running and I fell. (The fall interrupted the running)
Siempre gritaba, pero un día perdió su voz. He always yelled, but one day, he lost his voice.
Estábamos durmiendo cuando la alarma sonó, despertándonos. We were sleeping when the alarm rang, waking us.
Preterite occurs during Imperfect
The second image shows an ongoing imperfect action (it was hot) and the dot shows a preterite event that happened somewhere in the middle. The imperfect action SURROUNDED the preterite action. It was happening before the event and continued to happen after the event.
La sopa estaba caliente, y me quemé la lengua. The soup was hot, and I burned my tongue.
Llovía recio cuando escuché el sonido de un gatito. It was raining hard when I heard the sound of a kitten.
If you still don´t get it, here´s a little more
Online Practice: Preterite verbs vs imperfect verbs
Identify a verb as preterite or imperfect:
http://www.studyspanish.com/practice/pretimp1.htm
Decide between preterite or imperfect (multiple choice)
http://www.studyspanish.com/practice/pretimp2.htm
Decide between preterite or imperfect (multiple choice @ SpanishDict)
http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/64
Practice choosing preterite vs imperfect on quizlet
https://www.purposegames.com/game/spanish-know-your-preterite-vsimperfect
https://www.123teachme.com/games/tank/category/preterite_vs_imperfect_1
Review Quiz (multiple choice):
http://www.studyspanish.com/practice/pretimp4.htm