Review

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What did Rosalind Franklin, Erwin Chargaff, James Watson, and Francis Crick discover?

Rosalind Franklin took x-rays (radiografía) of DNA to find the shape.

There are four nitrogen bases in DNA, A, T, C, and G. Erwin Chargaff discovered that 'A' pairs with 'T' and 'C' pairs with 'G.' Remember, "When I hike the appalachian trail, I take a cute guy/girl."

James Watson and Francis Crick won the Nobel Prize for discovering that DNA has a double helix shape, which is like a twisted ladder (escalera retorcida).

Explain the shape of DNA and tell how nitrogen bases pair up.

DNA has a double helix shape, which is like a twisted ladder (escalera retorcido).

There are four nitrogen bases, or parts of DNA.

'A' (adenine) pairs with 'T' (Thymine)

'C' (Cytosine) pairs with 'G' (Guanine)

I remember this because I like to go hiking in the woods on the AT (Appalachian Trail). I take my husband with me and he's a CG (cute guy).

Describe the steps of DNA replication, including the words helicase, DNA polymerase, and nucleotides.

DNA is a double helix.

Helicase ‘unzips’ the DNA strand.

New nitrogen bases pair up.

A pairs with T

C pairs with G

There are two identical (idéntico) strands of DNA.

A cell makes an extra copy of DNA so that the cell can divide in two.

Given a sequence of DNA, write the complementary strand of DNA and the complementary strand of mRNA.

Remember that for DNA

A pairs with T

and

C pairs with G

For RNA, do the same thing, but erase any 'T' and replace it with 'U.' There is no 'T' in RNA.

DNA TAC CGA TTG ATC

DNA _____ _____ _____ _____

mRNA _____ _____ _____ _____


Use an amino acid chart to determine which amino acids are coded for by the mRNA codons above. Use the decoder below.

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________


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