By providing in-text and bibliographic citations, or documentation, the writer acknowledges, or gives credit to, sources of information.
For academic writing in arts, humanities, and language and literature courses, see MLA formatting.
Source is introduced, using a signal phrase; in-text, parenthetical citation, specifying the exact location of the borrowed material in the original source (For information about in-text, parenthetical citation, see Hacker, MLA 4-a);
a Works Cited, providing publisher's information (For information about Works Cited, see Hacker, MLA 4-b).
For academic writing in the sciences, criminology, and social work, see APA formatting.