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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.6, n.2, March (2020).

Summary

Articles

A Potential Interpretation of Dark Matter.

Stefan Bernhard Rüster.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.6, n.2, (1-4), March 1, 2020.

Abstract

In this article, the author makes use of simple Newtonian physics without the need for dark matter and Milgrom’s MOND theory in order to compute flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies. This approach is justified by the fact, that no dark matter particle has been detected, and also Milgrom’s MOND theory has its shortcomings. The gravitational potential energy density serves as the starting point for the calculation, which causes a new kind of gravitational force density, that has not been considered yet. Also a comparison with Milgrom’s MOND theory and its shortcomings is made. The author has an explanation why different values for Milgrom’s constant are required for agreement with different galaxies’ rotation curves. The new approach in the present article therefore yields a potential interpretation of dark matter in the sense, that the latter one is not necessary in order to explain the observed flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies.

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Oily effluents as source of water environment pollution.

Vasily Konstantinovich Novikov, Victoria Alexandrovna Kuzmichova and Sergey Vasiliyevich Novikov.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.6, n.2, (5-10), March 1, 2020.

Abstract

There are described the adverse effects on the water environment (WE) caused by the oily effluents (OE). In particular, those are the energy & heat exchange imbalance between layers of water masses, the albedo reduction of seawater, the death of many marine animals and the pathological changes in organs and tissues of living organisms. The stages are listed of the processes having place in the oil pollutants trapped in WE that lead to the water physical properties deterioration such as changes in color, taste and smell. It is shown that among the main sources of the OE formation, there are the oil refineries, the gas stations, the filling stations and the pumping stations of the main oil pipelines. The main physical and chemical properties of OE that affect the OE action in WE are as follows: density, viscosity, solidification temperature, evaporation potential, and toxicity. The existing methods of OE purification from impurities containing oil and oil products are given here as follows: mechanical, chemical, physical-chemical and biological methods. The brief description of each method is given. The possible ways and methods are shown of untreated OE entering prevention into administrative, technical, and technological WE.

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Conformation stereoselective adapted for some steroids derivatives (Minireview).

Maria Lopez Ramos, Lauro Figueroa Valverde, Regina Cauich Carrillo and Rogaciano Torres Cutz.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.6, n.2, (11-22), March 1, 2020.

Abstract

Stereochemistry is important to characterize the function of the compounds. For several decades, there has been interest in the study of the conformations in various steroid derivatives. The aim of this study was to review different stereochemistry conformation adopted by some steroid derivatives and their corresponding synthesis. The different conformations that steroids adopt mainly in both A and D rings depend on the substituted functional groups.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.6, n.1, January (2020).

Summary

Articles

Pros and Cons of Livermorium Nanoparticles for Human Cancer Cells, Tissues and Tumors Treatment under Synchrotron Radiation Using Mathematica 12.0.

Alireza Heidari, Katrina Schmitt, Maria Henderson, Elizabeth Besana and Ricardo Gobato.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.6, n.1, (1-31), January 11, 2020.

Abstract

When Livermorium nanoparticles are subjected to descendent light, a part of light scattered (emission process) and the other part absorbed (non–emission process). The amount of energy dissipation in non–emission process mainly depends on material and volume of nanoparticles and it can be identified by absorption cross section. At the other hand, emission process which its characteristics are depend on volume, shape and surface characteristics of nanoparticles explains by scattering cross section. Sum of absorption and scattering processes which lead to light dissipation is called extinction cross section. In the current study, thermoplasmonic characteristics of Livermorium nanoparticles with spherical, core–shell and rod shapes are investigated. In order to investigate these characteristics, interaction of synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy and Livermorium nanoparticles were simulated using 3D finite element method. Firstly, absorption and extinction cross sections were calculated. Then, increases in temperature due to synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy absorption were calculated in Livermorium nanoparticles by solving heat equation. The obtained results show that Livermorium nanorods are more appropriate option for using in optothermal human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment method.

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Representações da imagem corporal interna (sistema excretor) por crianças e adolescentes: um estudo exploratório.

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck, Luciana Katiucia Herrera and Bernadete Rocha da Silva.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.6, n.1, (32-45), January 11, 2020.

Abstract

Knowledge about human anatomy and physiology can be assessed in different ways. Drawing internal body structures and their physiology has often been used in recent studies. The purpose of this preliminary research was to discover the ideas of children enrolled in preschool, elementary and high school about the functioning of the excretory (urinary) system through their drawings. A total of 439 children and teenagers (231 girls and 208 boys) aged 4 to 17 enrolled in six schools in the south and one in northern Brazil participated in this study. The complexity of the designs were analyzed was analyzed using a value rubric. Virtually all drawings show an understanding of the excretory system except younger children with unidentifiable representations. Educational implications and potential contribution to pediatric nephrology and child physiotherapy are suggested.

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Comparison of natural and synthetic ways of carbon capture – Merits & Demerits.

Sunkara Soma Sundara Rayad, Painumgal Viswambharan Unnikrishnan, Sufia Zaman and Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.6, n.1, (46-51), January 11, 2020.

Abstract

The usage of energy is increasing day by day and increase in use of fossil fuels leading to excessive CO₂ emissions in to the atmosphere. This in turn is increasing the global warming effects day by day and escalating the fears of a global catastrophe. To control the current scenario, we need to quickly find measures to control the CO₂ emissions. This paper highlights the various carbon capture methods like Amines, Metal Organic Frameworks and compares them with the carbon capture solutions available in the nature. In this review we will give basic understanding of different processes both natural and artificial methods for carbon dioxide capture. We will also be discussing the recent advancements as well as merits and demerits.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.7, October (2019).

Summary

Articles

A Robust VBA Code for the Pie Chart Display of Turkish Music Usuls

Ozan Yarman, Mehmet Ugur Keçecioglu

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.7, (1-7), October 17, 2019.

Abstract

The authors introduce a robust VBA code that can automatically run in the form of a macro under Microsoft

Excel (™) to display Turkish Music usuls (rhythmic patterns) as pie charts. Musical notes are clockwise drawn

using rotated ASCII characters from a music font (e.g., of the user’s choosing) for each given beat. Relevant

unbeamed note glyphs thus replace numerical values (e.g., fractions such as “1/2” representing a “half note”)

which ordinarily divide, and appear in the slices of, the pie charts, while the widths of the slices are preserved

in accordance with given note durations. The code also enables users to specify font styles such as bold ,

italic, underlined as a novel means to indicate accentuation and which hand/mallet strikes the beat detail in the

expression and elucidation of traditional beat syllables called “dum-tek” – that can just as well be substituted with

the older, yet mostly outdated, “ten-nen-ni” syllables or similar traditional guidelines pertaining to diverse ethnic

rhythms around the world. The downloadable Excel file which contains the VBA code is prepared in such a way

as to include subsidiary embedded macros geared to help automate new worksheet creation for additional usuls

aside from the currently provided presets, or similar beat patterns as the user may designate.

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A Note on the Equivalence Principle Applicability to the General Theory of Relativity

Valery Borisovich Morozov.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.7, (8-13), October 17, 2019.

Abstract

Here we are talking about the equivalence of Einsteinian gravitation equations solutions to relativist accelerated frames. It was established that there is a uniformly accelerated frame. Such a frame is deformed as an acceleration result, but it is a stiff frame according to Born, i.e. its metric tensor does not depend on time. The frame is pseudo-Riemannian. It was proved that a uniformly accelerated frame is locally equivalent to the relevant solution of Einstein's gravitational equation.

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A vida no formigueiro (Life in the anthill)

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck, Yong-Chiang Chang, Bianca Louise Malucelli Corrêa Alves.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.7, (14-28), October 17, 2019.

Abstract

Children enrolled in preschool and elementary school have a basic knowledge of day-to-day ants (insects) whether they see them in the garden of the house, orchard, or school backyard or neighborhoods where they live or through media. The urbanization of the environment where children live has kept the children from the natural world. These investigation complements further a similar study and evaluate how children ages 3 to 13 years old represented the ant by a drawing. They were asked to draw a representation of the word “ant” meant to them. Results show the importance of everyday observations beyond formal education for the developing of natural history knowledge of children. Children from the earliest years notice insects in their everyday lives and built a bank of knowledge, gradually acquiring an understanding of adaptation of habitats. Children notice insects in their lives to differing extents and sources according to the culture in which they are immersed. Experiences of seeing or finding out about insects and particularly ants, are encapsulated for many children in the form of narratives and contribute to their mental models of ants (insects) an their habitats upon which they will draw in formal science later (Biology and Environmental Education).

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.6, September (2019).

Summary

Articles

Biological fouling of water transport vehicles: state, problems, possible solutions.

Vasily Konstantinovich Novikov, Victoria Alexandrovna Kuzmichova, Vyacheslav Glebovich Sazonov, Sergey Vasilyevich Novikov, Valery Borisovich Morozov.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.6, (1-5), September 5, 2019.

Abstract

Features are represented of biological fouling of water transport vehicles in the course of their operation in various aqueous basins of the world ocean. The modern state of this problem is shown; the existing and promising work directions are given in frame of the fight against the fouling of the ship underwater parts. The factors are listed influencing the ships fouling intensity. Two directions are pointed out of researches and practical work for this problem overcoming: prevention (reduction) of the biological fouling and cleaning of the ship hulls accumulated the fouling. There are shown the possible methods, ways and means used for the realization of the specified work directions. Based on the considered results of the conducted researches, the proposals are put forward on possible solutions of the ships biological fouling problem.

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Qual o conceito que alunos do ensino fundamental e médio têm de neurônio?

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck, Bianca Louise Malucelli Corrêa Alves, Márcia Gorett Ribeiro Grossi.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.6, (6-19), September 5, 2019.

Abstract

This study gives the views of 105 pupils (62 girls and 43 boys) enrolled in primary and secondary schools in Southern Brazil on the concept of neuron, elicited through the analysis of their drawings and questions about the structure and function of this cell of the nervous system. Mostly of the drawings showed a depiction of the neuron, except those drawings of the youngest pupils with higher percentage of no identified representations. Results from questioning over what is a neuron and what is its activity demonstrated a partial knowledge particularly from the youngest pupils. Low cost electronic equipment and engaging teaching material were suggested to be used in practical classes in schools.

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As competências linguísticas fala e escrita como práticas de uso da língua no contexto de ensino de Língua Portuguesa: Revisão teórica.

Fernanda Luiza Lima, Juliano Desiderato Antônio.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.6, (20-27), September 5, 2019.

Abstract

Considering the school a space that assumes an essential role in the process of acquisition and development of language, by allowing the subject to develop in a progressive way, it is possible to affirm that the language skills that develop in the classroom are the most diverse. Speaking and writing, for example, are activities of language use, everyday activities, practiced by all. Yet it is notorious in school and in the social environment that some skills are more prestigious than others, often resulting in the belief that teaching the "right" teaches one to speak and write well - a connotation of social prestige is attached to this adjective. The purpose of this article is to point out considerations regarding the development of language skills in the school context, in order to associate them with the practices of language use, as well as proposes Functional Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, and not merely the ability to communicate correctly, to achieve a certain social status. Using as a research method the theoretical revision, of an exploratory nature, we present some aspects of the spoken and written skills proposed by Chafe (1985), Marcuschi (2008; 2007; 1997) and Neves (2011), among others, in a linguistic conception which relativize the dichotomy between standard-language and non-standard-language.

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Mint Rasgulla: A sweet with medicinal value.

Nabonita Pal, Maria Fernandes, Sitangshu Roy, Jayashree Saha, Anubhav Choudhury, Indrajit Ghosh, Chadambetengkam B. Marak, Sufia Zaman and Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.6, (28-32), September 5, 2019.

Abstract

The proximate analysis and mineral composition of mint (Mentha piperita) were studied during June 2019. The mint was collected from Madhyamgram region of North 24 Paraganas district in West Bengal (India). The extract of the leaf was mixed with channa (a milk product) to prepare rasgulla, a famous traditional Indian sweet. The composition of the prepared rasgulla was studied and compared with the control (where the mint leaf extract was not mixed). Significant variations in composition were observed between control and experimental rasgullas. The experimental rasgullas prepared from mint leaf extract were highly rich in potassium, which may be useful to treat people having hypertension.

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Parana J Sci Educ. ISSN: 2447-6153

Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.5, August (2019).

Summary

Articles

Current state and possible directions of improvement of handling system of wastes being formed on water transport vessels.

Vasily Konstantinovich Novikov, Victoria Alexandrovna Kuzmichova

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.5, (1-7), August 10, 2019.

Abstract

The World Ocean is the source of enormous wealth used by the mankind in its interests. It forms the weather on the planet, enables passengers and cargos transportation by vessels of water transport (WT). Along with this, the human vigorous activities on its development/use cause significant harm to it through pollution including that at operation of WT ships, which account for about 12% of all pollutants of the water environment. The wastewater released by ships carrying passengers is also dangerous pollutants, since this sewage is released without any treatment, causing the proliferation of algae and depleting the oxygen of the waters. There are also hydrocarbons that make the water get greasy, making marine life almost impossible. If it fools anyone who thinks the pollution caused by them to in marine life. Giants also emit substances harmful to human life, such as sulfate, which is highly dangerous and can be lodged in important organs such as the lungs. With regard to human health, the populations are most affected by coastal areas, mainly residents of port cities, where there is constant traffic of maritime vessels. From the point of view of systematic approach to available data analysis, the article describes the current state of pollution of the water environment by wastes being formed because of the water transport vessels operation. The existing structure of the system of shipboard wastes handling is presented as well as the used techniques and technical means. Their disadvantages are shown. Possible directions of improvement of the existing system of ship wastes handling are proposed, though the further special studies are needed.

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Do cooking process influences the metal contents in crab and prawn?

Supurna Lahiri, Subhra Bikash Bhattacharyya, Prosenjit Pramanick, Ricardo Gobato, Sufia Zaman, Abhijit Mitra

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.5, (8-14), August 10, 2019.

Abstract

Two common shellfish species Penaeus monodon (tiger prawn) and Scylla olivacea (orange mud crab) were analysed for Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd. For each species, two composite samples were prepared for metal analyses, whose levels in raw and cooked (boiled, steamed, fried and curry) samples were determined by Perkin-Elmer Sciex ELAN 5000 ICP mass spectrometer and expressed as ppm dry weight. The heavy metal content in all shellfish species decreased on cooking (except for lead in shellfish curry). In shellfish curry the concentration of Pb increased significantly. In conclusion it can be advocated that the cooking process greatly influences the metal concentrations in the selected shellfish species.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.4, July (2019).

Summary

Articles

Spider Toxin and Raventoxin Time–Resolved Absorption and Resonance FT–IR and Raman Biospectroscopy and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Investigation of Vibronic–Mode Coupling Structure in Vibrational Spectra Analysis.

Alireza Heidari, Jennifer Esposito1, Angela Caissutti.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.4, (1-28), July 2, 2019.

Abstract

Spider toxins and Raventoxin are a family of proteins produced by spiders which function as neurotoxins. The mechanism of many spider toxins and Raventoxin are through blockage of calcium channels. Also, Raventoxins are neurotoxins from the venom of the spider Macrothele raveni. Parameters such as FT¬–IR and Raman vibrational wavelengths and intensities for single crystal Spider Toxin and Raventoxin are calculated using density functional theory and were compared with empirical results. The investigation about vibrational spectrum of cycle dimers in crystal with carboxyl groups from each molecule of acid was shown that it leads to create Hydrogen bounds for adjacent molecules. The current study aimed to investigate the possibility of simulating the empirical values. Analysis of vibrational spectrum of Spider Toxin and Raventoxin are performed based on theoretical simulation and FT–IR empirical spectrum and Raman empirical spectrum using density functional theory in levels of F/6–31G*, HF/6–31++G**, MP2/6–31G, MP2/6–31++G**, BLYP/6–31G, BLYP/6–31++G**, B3LYP/6–31G and B3LYP6–31–HEG**. Vibration modes of methylene, carboxyl acid and phenyl cycle are separately investigated. The obtained values confirm high accuracy and validity of results obtained from calculations.

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A construção de identidades sociais: algumas possibilidades. Uma análise do ensino de Língua Inglesa do livro didático Way to English for Brazilian Learners, de C. de P. Franco e K. Tavares - 2015, do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental.

Fernanda Luiza Lima, Neiva Maria Jung.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.4, (29-36), July 2, 2019.

Abstract

The teaching of English (EL) in many public schools in Paraná, especially in the cities of metropolitan regions, is included in the curriculum of basic education from the 6th year of elementary school, as a required subject. It is also observed that literate practices disregard the social discursive practices that interfere in the construction of discourses. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the teaching proposals contained in the didactic material of the 6th year of elementary school, used to support the learning of foreign language (LE) in the public school context. Through a documentary analysis of a qualitative research, it was observed a cut of 6-year textbook (DL) of English Language (LI), proposed by the authors of the textbook Way to English for Brazilian Learners, by C. de P. Franco and K. Tavares – 2015, in order to verify if sequences didactics are proposed by the literacy, and, to what extent, it favors the construction of the social identities present in the discursive enunciations. The didactics of the observed unit proposes a work of developing linguistic and discursive abilities in a way that favors the use of LI in different situations, directing the students to recognize that texts are representations and social constructions. It is up to the teacher to seek to know better the literate practices and then (re) direct its methodology in order to signify the learning.

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Como é representado o sistema nervoso central nos livros didáticos no Brasil?

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.4, (37-49), July 2, 2019.

Abstract

Teaching the nervous system in primary and secondary school to pupils requires an approach that includes not only biological aspects as the neuron but also other subjects as Physics and Chemistry. The relationship among various concepts must be mobilized in teaching nervous system communication through neural circuits in the brain and spinal cord. Firstly, a list of categories were establish to evaluate neurophysiological concepts covered in Brazilian textbooks and secondly the actual state of the process of teaching and learning the nervous system in the textbook analyzed. It was tackled the issue of phylogenetic evolution of the nervous system and was provided an outline for teaching about the nervous system to be followed by authors in new editions of textbooks to be b adopted by schools in Brazil.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.3, May (2019).

Summary

Articles

Clinical and Medical Pros and Cons of Human Cancer Cells’ Enzymotherapy, Immunotherapy, Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, Hormone Therapy and Targeted Therapy Process under Synchrotron Radiation: A Case Study on Mechanism of Action and Their Side Effects.

Alireza Heidari.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.3, (1-23), May 2, 2019.

Abstract

A considerable lot of the more up to date sedates are called focused on anti–cancer Nano drugs or focused on treatment. Directed medications human harm tumor cells by blocking qualities or proteins found in the human disease cells. Since these medicines work particularly on the human disease cells, they cause distinctive symptoms and as a rule harm solid cells less. Different kinds of human tumor treatment incorporate hormones and medications that work with our invulnerable framework to battle disease, a sort a treatment called enzymotherapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy.

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Sensitivity of the Indian Sundarban mangrove ecosystem to local level climate change

Moharana Choudhury, Pardis Fazli,Prosenjit Pramanick, Ricardo Gobato, Sufia Zaman, Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.3, (24-28), May 2, 2019.

Abstract

The increase of carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere due to rapid industrialization and unplanned urbanization has resulted in the rise of air temperature due to “blanket effect”. The rising carbon dioxide dissolves in the marine and estuarine waters to form carbonic acid, which shifts pH towards a lower value. This phenomenon of acidification has been discussed in this paper with its implication in lowering oyster shell weight in the framework of Indian Sundarbans.

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Extreme Gravity Fields and Equation of Gravity Field. Astrophysical Aspects.

Valery Borisovich Morozov.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.3, (29-36), May 2, 2019.

Abstract

A long enough interaction between a matter and a gravity field leads to considerable increase of the latter and to emergence of gravity field energy flux in the direction of matter acceleration. This is a direct consequence of the conservation law of energy-momentum. There have been obtained metrics of a spherically symmetric stationary gravity field, one of which corresponds to the Schwarzschild metric. The second metric corresponds to a static massless body with an expulsive field. The size of such a “bubble” is proportional to its energy. By pushing any matter out, the bubble obtains additional energy and grows. Most probably, this process is responsible for the formation of the irregular Universe and its accelerated expansion.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.2, April (2019).

Summary

Articles

Biomass Study of Mangroves in Indian Sundarbans: A Case Study from Satjelia Island.

Arpita Saha, Ricardo Gobato, Sufia Zaman, Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.2, (1-5), April 1, 2019.

Abstract

A study was conducted during January 2017 on the biomass of dominant mangrove species in Satjelia Island, located in the central Indian Sundarbans. Eight species of true mangroves were documented in the selected plots. The mean order of abundance of these species was Avicennia alba (23.33%) > Avicennia marina (20.00%) > Excoecaria agallocha (16.66%) > Sonneratia apetala (13.33%) = Avicennia officinalis (13.33%)> Acanthus ilicifolius (6.66%) > Aegiceros corniculatum (3.33%) = Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (3.33%). The above ground stem biomass of the dominant mangrove trees were 19.79 t ha-1, 5.83 t ha-1, 20.22 t ha-1, 21.14 t ha-1, and 6.70 t ha-1 for Sonneratia apetala, Excoecaria agallocha, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina and Avicennia officinalis respectively.

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Natural Oxygen Counters in Indian Sundarbans, the Mangrove Dominated World Heritage Site.

Nabonita Pal, Arpan Mitra, Ricardo Gobato, Sufia Zaman, Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.2, (6-13), April 9, 2019.

Abstract

Mangroves provide a wide spectrum of ecosystem services which include improvement of air quality, stabilizing temperature, reduction of ultraviolet radiation, oxygen generation, carbon sequestration, habitat of several flora and fauna (enhancement of biodiversity), aesthetic beauty etc. Oxygen production is one of the most common but under-researched benefits of mangroves. The primary aim of this article is to estimate the oxygen production potential of dominant mangrove species in Indian Sundarbans.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.2, April (2019).

Summary

Articles

Biomass Study of Mangroves in Indian Sundarbans: A Case Study from Satjelia Island.

Arpita Saha, Ricardo Gobato, Sufia Zaman, Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.2, (1-5), April 1, 2019.

Abstract

A study was conducted during January 2017 on the biomass of dominant mangrove species in Satjelia Island, located in the central Indian Sundarbans. Eight species of true mangroves were documented in the selected plots. The mean order of abundance of these species was Avicennia alba (23.33%) > Avicennia marina (20.00%) > Excoecaria agallocha (16.66%) > Sonneratia apetala (13.33%) = Avicennia officinalis (13.33%)> Acanthus ilicifolius (6.66%) > Aegiceros corniculatum (3.33%) = Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (3.33%). The above ground stem biomass of the dominant mangrove trees were 19.79 t ha-1, 5.83 t ha-1, 20.22 t ha-1, 21.14 t ha-1, and 6.70 t ha-1 for Sonneratia apetala, Excoecaria agallocha, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina and Avicennia officinalis respectively.

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Natural Oxygen Counters in Indian Sundarbans, the Mangrove Dominated World Heritage Site.

Nabonita Pal, Arpan Mitra, Ricardo Gobato, Sufia Zaman, Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.2, (6-13), April 9, 2019.

Abstract

Mangroves provide a wide spectrum of ecosystem services which include improvement of air quality, stabilizing temperature, reduction of ultraviolet radiation, oxygen generation, carbon sequestration, habitat of several flora and fauna (enhancement of biodiversity), aesthetic beauty etc. Oxygen production is one of the most common but under-researched benefits of mangroves. The primary aim of this article is to estimate the oxygen production potential of dominant mangrove species in Indian Sundarbans.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.5, n.1, February (2019).

Summary

Articles

Einstein's hypothesis is confirmed by the example of the Schwarzschild problem.

Ricardo Gobato, Victoria Alexandrovna Kuzmicheva, Valery Borisovich Morozov.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.1, (1-6), February 1, 2019.

Abstract

The Newtonian gravity law was deduced with a correction for a non-zero density of a gravity field. The new gravity law is virtually almost entirely congruent with the Schwarzschild attraction law in a zone somewhat distant from the Schwarzschild radius. This confirms with great certainty the hypothesis of A. Einstein that the energy of the gravitational field contributes to the gravitational field. In addition, this contribution is of the same order as the contribution of the Schwarzschild solution. This leads to the conclusion that the energy of the gravitational field should play a large role in the general theory of relativity.

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Design and synthesis of two steroid-oxirane-carboxamide derivatives.

Lauro Figueroa Valverde, Maria Lopez Ramos, Francisco Diaz Cedillo, Abelardo Camacho Luis, Marcela Rosas Nexticapa, María Virginia del Socorro Mateu Armand, Raquel Estrella Barron, Eduardo Pool Gómez, Lenin Hau Heredia, Alfonso Jiménez Alondra, Jhair Cabrera Tuz.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.1, (7-19), February 1, 2019.

Abstract

There are several studies to preparation of oxirane-derivatives which use several reagents such as chlorophyll, ethyl bromoacetate, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, potassium hydroxide, dimethyldioxiran and others; nevertheless, expensive reagents and special conditions are required. The aim of this study was synthesizing two novel steroid-oxirane using some reactions; the first stage was achieved by the preparation of two steroid-propargylic-ether (3 or 4) via reaction of 2-nitroestrone or 2-nitroestradiol with 5-hexyn-1-ol. The second stage involves the synthesis of two steroid-dioxa derivatives (5 or 6) via intramolecular addition from 3 or 4 using Copper(II) as catalyst. Then, 5 or 6 were reacted with ethylenediamine to form two steroid-amino derivatives (7 or 8). Following, the compounds 9 or 10 were prepared through of reaction of 7 or 8 with chloroacetylchloride. Finally, 9 or 10 reacted with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde to synthesis of two oxirane-steroid derivatives (11 or 12). The structure of steroid-oxirane analogs was confirmed via spectroscopic and spectrometric methods. In conclusion, a facile procedure for the preparation of two steroid-oxirane derivatives was developed in this study.

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Por que o sapo pula? Uma aventura no mundo natural.

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck, Yong-Chiang Chang

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.1, (20-27), February 1, 2019.

Abstract

Children enrolled in preschool and elementary school have a basic knowledge of day-to-day amphibians, whether they see them in the garden of the house or garden, or when seen near ditches or wetlands in neighborhoods where they live or through the media . The urbanization of the environment where children live has kept the children from the natural world. This preliminary investigation evaluated how children ages 4 to 10 represent the frog by drawing and what they know about muscle contraction that makes the toad jump. Complementary alternatives are suggested small illustrated stories of a scientific nature, where the narrative makes pleasant the understanding of the more technical content, as well as experiences of activities outside the school and assembly of equipment of reduced price for execution of practical classes.

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Dioramas of the natural world: Brazilian primary school pupils´ drawings.

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck, Cássia Gabrielli Padilha, Sue Dale Tunnicliffe.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.1, (28-40), February 1, 2019.

Abstract

People come to the museum to look at natural history dioramas with a wealth of previous relevant knowledge and experience as well as expectations, which may differ amongst members of the same visiting group. The museum which houses the dioramas also has its own “voice” heard through in the context in which the dioramas are sited and in the form that the dioramas take as well as interpretations provided about the content, the story of the dioramas from the perspective ecological and geographic. This exploratory study considers which impact wildlife dioramas may have on the content of drawings performed by twenty-eight girls and thirty-one boys enrolled in a private school. Children´s understanding about organisms may be investigated by examining the mental model revealed through their drawings, their expressed model, of what they anticipate they will see and what they recall they have seen after such a visit. The mental model is the scientific knowledge (appearance of the animal and its ecological habitat). Children from this investigation revealed in their post-visit representations a larger knowledge mainly of mammals and birds but almost nothing about ecological relationships and plants.

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The General Theory of Relativity, a New Iteration

Valery Borisovich Morozov.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.5, n.1, (41-50), February 21, 2019.

Abstract

A general theory of relativity is formulated without Einstein’s equation. Einstein’s tensor ties the space metric to the stress-energy tensor of a gravitational field. A homogeneous isotropic field metric is under consideration. In particular, the metric for a homogeneous isotropic universe possesses the anticipated density of our own universe. The speed of time progression at a distance from the observer slows according to an acceleration law asymptotically equal to Hubble’s Law. A continuous field is homogeneous within the limits of small domains. This makes it possible to write a metric for a general continuous field and the single parameter given by the wave equation. The Schwarzschild problem has a continuous solution for r > 0. This solution approaches the Schwarzschild solution beyond the Schwarzschild radius and a second solution is obtained from the Schwarzschild problem - a stationary, expulsive, self-consistent field.

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October v.4 n.7

Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.4, n.6, August (2018).

Summary

ANovel Approach to Reduce Toxicities and to Improve Bioavailabilities of DNA/RNAof Human Cancer Cells–Containing Cocaine (Coke), Lysergide (Lysergic AcidDiethyl Amide or LSD), Δ9–Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) [(–)–trans–Δ⁹–Tetrahydrocannabinol],Theobromine (Xantheose),Caffeine, Aspartame (APM) (NutraSweet) and Zidovudine (ZDV)[Azidothymidine (AZT)] as Anti–Cancer Nano Drugs by Coassembly of DualAnti–Cancer Nano Drugs to Inhibit DNA/RNA of Human Cancer Cells Drug Resistance.

Alireza Heidari and Ricardo Gobato. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.6, (1-17), August 9, 2018.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to reduce toxicities and to improve bioavailabilities of DNA/RNA of human cancer cells–containing Cocaine (Coke), Lysergide (Lysergic Acid Diethyl Amide or LSD), Δ⁹–Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) [(–)–trans–Δ⁹–Tetrahydrocannabinol], Theobromine (Xantheose), Caffeine, Aspartame (APM) (NutraSweet) and Zidovudine (ZDV) [Azidothymidine (AZT)] as anti–cancer Nano drugs by coassembly of dual anti–cancer Nano drugs to inhibit DNA/RNA of human cancer cells drug resistance.

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Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy(UPS) and Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy Comparative Study onMalignant and Benign Human Cancer Cells and Tissues with the Passage of Time underSynchrotron Radiation.

Alireza Heidari and Ricardo Gobato. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.6, (18-33), August 9, 2018.

Abstract

In the current study, we have experimentally and comparatively investigated and compared malignant human cancer cells and tissues before and after irradiating of synchrotron radiation using Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS) and Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy.

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Facile synthesis of some oxazepine-steroid using three component system.

Maria Lopez Ramos, Lauro Figueroa Valverde, Francisco Diaz Cedillo, Marcela Rosas Nexticapa, María Virginia del Socorro Mateu Armand, Elizabeth Montano Tapia, Elodia García Cervera, Pool Gómez Eduardo, Lenin Hau Heredia, Regina Cauich Carrillo, Alondra Alfonso Jimenez, Jhair Cabrera Tuz.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.6, (34-45), August 21, 2018.

Abstract

There is a great interest in the development of several oxazepine derivatives in both pharmacy and organic chemistry fields such as antidepressant (amoxapine) and schizophrenia (loxapine). In search of new oxazepine analogs some methods use several reagents; however, some of these reagents are expensive and require special conditions for their handling. Therefore, the aim of this study was synthesizing some oxazepine-steroid using three component system (steroid, acetonitrile derivatives and 5-hexyn-1-ol). The chemical structure a purity of compounds was confirmed by melting point, infrared spectra, NMR spectroscopic data and mass spectrometry. The results shown the following; 1) the reagents used for the preparation of oxazepine derivatives does not require special conditions and are facile of handling; 2) the yielding of oxazepine derivatives are relatively good. All these data indicate that production of oxazepine derivatives could be carried out on a larger scale.

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First–Time Simulation of Deoxyuridine Monophosphate (dUMP) (Deoxyuridylic Acid or Deoxyuridylate) and Vomitoxin (Deoxynivalenol (DON)) ((3α,7α)–3,7,15–Trihydroxy–12,13–Epoxytrichothec–9–En–8–One)–Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation (EPPSI) Nano Molecules Incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by Immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as Molecular Enzymes and Drug Targets for Human Cancer Cells, Tissues and Tumors Treatment under Synchrotron and Synchrocyclotron Radiations.

Alireza Heidari and Ricardo Gobato. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.6, (46-67), August 21, 2018.

Abstract

In the current study, Deoxyuridine Monophosphate (dUMP) (Deoxyuridylic Acid or Deoxyuridylate) and Vomitoxin (Deoxynivalenol (DON)) ((3α,7α)–3,7,15–Trihydroxy–12,13–Epoxytrichothec–9–En–8–One) – Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation (EPPSI) Nano molecules incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as molecular enzymes and drug targets for human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations were studied.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.4, n.5, July (2018).

Summary

Putrescine, Cadaverine, Spermine and Spermidine – Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation (EPPSI)

Nano Molecules. Alireza Heidari and Ricardo Gobato. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.5, (1-14), July 1, 2018.

Abstract

In the current study, we study Putrescine, Cadaverine, Spermine and Spermidine–Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation (EPPSI) Nano molecules incorporation into the Nano Polymeric Matrix (NPM) by immersion of the Nano Polymeric Modified Electrode (NPME) as molecular enzymes and drug targets for human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations.

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Marsilea quadrifolia: A floral species with unique medicinal properties.

Suresh Kumar Agarwal, Sitangshu Roy, Prosenjit Pramanick, Prosenjit Mitra, Ricardo Gobato and Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.5, (15-20), July 1, 2018.

Abstract

Marsilea quadrifolia is a unique plant with high medicinal value. It is widely distributed in the state of West Bengal, which is a maritime state in the north-east part of Indian sub-continent. The present paper is a snapshot of the quantitative analysis of total carbohydrate, protein, fat, flavonoids, amino acids, saponins in the plant extract prepared by dissolving the powdered form of the plant in distilled water in the ratio of 1:10. Our analysis showed the highest value for total carbohydrate,

followed by protein, amino acid, flavonoids, saponins and fat.

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Cosmology of Uniform Empty Space

Valery Borisovich Morozov. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.5, (21-24), July 24, 2018.

Abstract

The metric is obtained of isotropic and uniform empty space. The only parameter of this metric has dimensionality of the Hubble constant. The Einstein tensor allows computing the energy-momentum tensor of the empty space. Density of the space turned to be equal to the critical density in the Freedman’s theory. Also from the same metric, it follows that the exponential law of a red shift change as a function of time is asymptotically close to the Hubble’s law..

Космология Равномерного Пустого Пространства (in Russian)

Валерий Борисович Морозов. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.5, (21-24), июль 24, 2018.

Абстрактные

Получена метрика изотропного и равномерного пустого пространства. Единственный параметр этой метрики имеет размерность константы Хаббла. Тензор Эйнштейна позволяет вычислить тензор энергии - импульса пустого пространства. Плотность пространства оказалась равной критической плотности в теории Фридмана. Из той же метрики следует, что экспоненциальный закон изменения красного смещения как функция времени асимптотически близок к закону Хаббла.

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Anthropometric Assessment and its Association with Health Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Schoolchildren.

Marcela Rosas Nexticapa, Lauro Figueroa Valverde, María Virginia del Socorro Mateu Armand, Catalina Cervantes Ortega, Elizabeth Montano Tapia, Elodia García Cervera, Isela Santiago Roque, Crescencio Hernández Osorio, Yudeysi de Jesús López Espinoza. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.5, (25-31), July 27, 2018.

Abstract

Overweight and obesity is the single major public health problem in Mexico, ranking first in the world with children ailing from this condition, the present study aims to anthropometrically evaluate schoolchildren between the ages of 10 and 12 and determinate some biochemical blood tests. In addition, to evaluate some anthropometrically parameters were used the percentiles from the CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) grow charts system. The results showed 22 children with malnutrition, 74 being underweight, 248 having a healthy weight, 128 with overweight and 199 with obesity. Girls showed a body mass index (BMI) of 24.98 ± 0.43 and 24.28 ± 0.42 in boys. Measurement of waist circumference (WC) was 79.06 ± 1.76 for girls and 80.73 ± 1.39 for boys. This phenomenon was associated with high triglycerides levels (90-129 mg/dl) and high Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) in girls, which could be risk factor for development to cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

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Summary

Comments on the article Harry Lassa Accelerating Frames of Reference and the Clock Paradox (in Russian).

Valery Borisovich Morozov. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.4, (1-6), June 1, 2018.

Abstract

The Lorentz-Einstein transformations are obtained by a method that allows one to obtain a coordinate transformation between an inertial frame of reference and a non-inertial system of acceleration. With this conversion, an explicit time calculated for the circular travel of a non-inertial twin, which leaves the inertial twin with the initial velocity -V and returned by acceleration. It found that the accelerating twin returned younger than the inertial twin is. The value of the result goes far beyond the solution of the paradoxical problem of the motion of twins (hours). In spite of the fact that the metric satisfies the Einstein equation, this metric is not equal in the small volume limit to other solutions of the Einstein equation, for example, to the Schwarzschild solution. However, the result of Einstein in 1907 contradicts this asymptotic property. Since the results of Einstein and Lass obtained from the first principles, it is desirable to construct a general theory of relativity with another equation of the gravitational field. Such an attempt was made.

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Комментарии к статье Гарри Ласса Ускоренные системы отсчета и парадокс часов (in Russian)

Валерий Борисович Морозов. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.3, (1-6), июнь 1, 2018.

Абстрактные

Преобразования Лоренца-Эйнштейна получают методом, который позволяет получить координатное преобразование между инерциальной системой отсчета и неинерциальной системой ускорения. С помощью этого преобразования вычисляется явное время для кругового путешествия неинерциального двойника, который покидает инерционный двойник с начальной скоростью –V и возвращается с помощью ускорения. Обнаружено, что ускоряющий двойник возвращается моложе, чем инерционный близнец. Значение результата выходит далеко за рамки решения парадоксальной задачи о движении близнецов (часов). Несмотря на то, что метрика удовлетворяет уравнению Эйнштейна, эта метрика не равна в пределе малого объема другим решениям уравнения Эйнштейна, например, решению Шварцшильда. Впрочем, этому асимптотическому свойству противоречит уже результат Эйнштейна 1907 года. Поскольку результаты Эйнштейна и Ласса получены из первых принципов желательно построить общую теорию относительности с другим уравнением гравитационного поля. Такая попытка была сделана.

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Indian Sundarban Mangroves: A potential Carbon Scrubbing System.

Abhijit Mitra, Sufia Zaman and Ricardo Gobato. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.4, (7-29), June 17, 2018.

Abstract

The stored carbon in dominant mangrove species namely Avicennia alba, A. marina, A. officinalis, Sonneratia apetala and Excoecaria agallocha were monitored during December 2009 to March 2010 through seasons in ten selected stations (5 in the western and 5 in the central sectors) of Indian Sundarbans. The species-wise carbon stored in the Above Ground Biomass (in t/ha) followed almost a similar order in both the sectors throughout the study period. The soil and litter carbon

were also simultaneously analysed. The annual litter fall in the western and central sectors has been extrapolated to 8.05 t ha^-1 yr^-1 and 5.22 t ha^-1 yr^-1 respectively. In the present study, the highest litter fall during September, 2009 may be related to heavy rainfall and wind action in the region that accelerates the litter fall in this unique mangrove system of the tropics. The organic carbon in the study area showed a distinct seasonal pattern with highest value in monsoon (September, 2009), followed by postmonsoon (December, 2009) and premonsoon (March, 2010). In the western sector, the mean values were 1.182%, 1.010% and 0.882% in the monsoon, postmonsoon and premonsoon respectively. In the central sector, the mean values were 0.936%, 0.820% and 0.650% in the monsoon, postmonsoon and premonsoon respectively. The surface soil pH in the study area showed a distinct seasonal pattern with highest value in premonsoon (March, 2010), followed by

postmonsoon (December, 2009) and monsoon (September, 2009). In the western sector, the mean values were 7.24, 7.30 and 7.36 in the monsoon, postmonsoon and premonsoon respectively. In the central sector, the mean values were 7.32, 7.37 and 7.39 in the monsoon, postmonsoon and premonsoon respectively. The overall results confirm the potential of carbon scrubbing vegetation in Indian Sundarbans.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.4, n.3, April (2018)

Summary

The energy of the gravitational field, the problem of a homogeneous field and the uniqueness of solutions of the Einstein equation.

Valery Borisovich Morozov. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.3, (1-10), April 6, 2018.

Abstract

An exact metric of a homogeneously accelerated system and a homogeneous gravitational field is obtained. The

energy-momentum tensor of such a field is found. From the homogeneity condition of the field at infinity, stationary solutions are found for a field with spherical symmetry, and the Schwarzschild solution is an approximation of one of the two solutions.

Энергия гравитационного поля, проблема однородного поля, и единственности решений уравнения Эйнштейна (in Russian)

Валерий Борисович Морозов. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.3, (1-10), апреля 6, 2018.

Абстрактные

Получена точная метрика однородно ускоренной системы и однородного поля гравитации. Найден тензор энергии-импульса такого поля. Из условия однородности поля на бесконечности найдены стационарные решения для поля с сферической симметрией, причем решение Шварцшильда является приближением одного из двух решений.

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Minireview of Adverse Effects of Some Drugs Used in Diabetes Mellitus.

Maria Lopez Ramos, Lauro Figueroa Valverde, Marcela Rosas Nexticapa,Virginia Mateu Armand, Regina Cauich Carrillo, Saidy Euan Hau. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.3, (11-17), April 6, 2018.

Abstract

Several drugs have been used for treatment of Diabetes Mellitus such as sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiozolidines and others. The aim of this mini-review was to find some adverse effects produced by these drugs using both “pubmed” and “google scholar” as information sources. The results indicate that thiazolidinediones may produce higher adverse effects compared with the other hypoglycemic drugs.

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Using Contemporary Teaching Methods to Face Misconceptions Arising From the Formalism of Physics

Alexandros Papadimitriou. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.3, (18-33), April 9, 2018.

Abstract

This paper deals with an experimental intervention in teaching physics in senior high school. The aim is to investigate whether the proposed method using analogies, simulations, guided discovery, explorations, communication, and structured guided dialogues facilitates pupils to face their misconceptions and learning difficulties mainly created by the formalism of electromagnetism. In the introduction, some suggestions for the physics teaching where misconceptions of pupils are inevitable are presented. Then, an extended literature review is done which includes a review of theories of changing misconceptions, and a review of the use simulations and analogies in confronting misconceptions. The intervention presents step by step how the proposed method facilitates pupils to face misconceptions and learning difficulties created by the undefined forms and forms of infinite due to the formalism of electromagnetism. The study showed that the proposed method helps pupils face effectively their misconceptions.

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Spatial variation of mangrove diversity in Indian Sundarbans: A proxy to evaluate mangrove health to establish the concept of survival for the fittest.

Arpita Saha, Suresh Kumar Agarwal, Prosenjit Pramanick, Sitangshu Roy, Sufia Zaman and Abhijit Mitra.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.3, (34-41), April 18, 2018.

Abstract

A study was conducted in ten selected stations of Indian Sundarbans to assess the health of mangroves using ecological indices as proxy. The stations are distributed in the western and central sectors of the deltaic complex. It is observed that the values of Shannon-Weiner Species Diversity Index are relatively high in the stations of western sector compared to those in the central sector. Mangroves, being brackish water loving species survived with a better biomass in the western Indian Sundarbans due to their exposure to low saline environment in the Hooghly estuarine mudflats. This is mainly because of the Farakka discharge in the Hooghly estuary, which cannot reach the Matla estuary in central Indian Sundarbans on account of the Bidyadhari siltation.

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A new Physical constant from the ratio of the reciprocal of the “Rydberg constant” to the Planck length.

Ozan Yarman, Ricardo Gobato, Tolga Yarman and Metin Arik.

Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.3, (42-51), April 27, 2018.

Abstract

This study presents a unique set of solutions, using empirically determined physical quantities, in achieving a novel dimensionless constant α(1/Roo )/PL from the ratio of the inverse of the Rydberg constant to the Planck length. It is henceforth shown that the Lorentz Scalar coming into play, which we dub the Parana constant, necessitates us to interpret the Gravitational constant G as being neither universal nor Lorentz Invariant. Just the same, the elementary charge in the MKS system should not by itself be considered as Lorentz Invariant, but the term e^2 / εo , including its powers, ought to be. That being the case, the “Rydberg constant” must not, according to the present undertaking, be deemed a ubiquitous magnitude either, but the ratio of its reciprocal to Planck length would, in effect, be. The Parana constant is furthermore shown to exhibit meaningfulness as the proportion of the Planck mass to the electron rest mass. Throughout our derivations, we take the oppurtunity to reveal interesting features and deliberate over them.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.4, n.1, February (2018).

Summary

Articles

Articles

The Effects on Turkey of the Intra Struggles Delineated Mainly on Oil, by the Members of the Western World: how should we cope with it?

Tolga Yarman and Cüneyt Akalin. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.3, n.6, (1-6), December 01, 2017.

Abstract

Commercial and energy tensions and intra struggles of i) US on the one side of the Atlantic Ocean, ii) England, France and Germany on the other side, i.e. altogether, the Western world, embodying Japan as well, taking place on the platforms of Europe, and the Middle East, are undoubtedly reflected upon Turkey and her neighboring region, no matter how fierce or smooth. Turkey and the region, amongst other things, suffer of these. A path to be followed by Turkey, to insure security, politically and defense-wise, is discussed. The recent and hot counter interventions of Russian Federation, Iran, even further Republic of China, no doubt made the situation in the region even worse, and requires a special attention, and will be dealt with elsewhere.

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O Conceito de Sistema Respiratório e o Hábito de Fumar Através do Olhar dos Alunos do Ensino Infantil e Fundamental.

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.3, n.6, (7-18), December 07, 2017.

Abstract

An important objective of primary school teaching about organs and organ systems is to make pupils learn scientific contents as well as a relation of these structures to health problems. A exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out with 212 pupils enrolled in primary schools from rural and urban areas in Southern Brazil concerning their conceptions of respiratory system and the unhealthy effects of smoking tobacco and marijuana. Analyzing drawings five levels of complexity were created about the passage of smoke containing nicotine or canabidiol and tetraidrocanabinol until the gas entered the circulatory system from the lungs and reached the brain. Results were grouped in five levels of complexity. Children aged six to seven as was expected were not able to pinpoint the trajectory of the smoke in the respiratory system. Pupils aged eight to 14 represented with more anatomical and functional details the way followed by the smoke up to the brain and deleterious damages to such organ. Educational implications were discussed.

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Basic Facts and Equations to be considered, to re-Evaluatethe Risk and the Feasibility of Actual Nuclear Energy Production, in the World,in the Region, and in Turkey.

Tolga Yarman. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.3, n.6, (19-33), December 10, 2017.

Abstract

The author summarizes his life lasting experience, about nuclear energy production in the world, in the region and in Turkey, the way he condensed it, into his book entitled "Nuclear Energy Debate in the Past and in the Present" [in Turkish: 1st Edition 1995 (Esin Yayınevi, Second Edition 2010 (Okan University), Third Edition 2014 (Okan University), ISBN 9786055899127]. He shows that the relationships believed to be true in the past, specifically that of [(Demand) - (Production via Available Resources to Fulfill Demand) = (Gap in a Near Future)], and that pertaining to [The Only Resource to Satisfy the Gap] = [Nuclear Energy], came to be totally erroneous, throughout. Further on, he shows that the originally calculated nuclear power production risk, with regards to working nuclear power plants, also, turned out to be, unfortunately, severely erroneous... He comments on the planned implementation of a nuclear power plant on the Turkey’s Mediterranean Coast, chiefly in Akkuyu.

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Assessment of Coastal Water Quality using Aquatic Health Index (AHI).

Arpita Saha, Sufia Zaman and Abhijit Mitra. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.3, n.6, (34-41), December 18, 2017.

Abstract

The coastal and estuarine zone of West Bengal (India) is noted for its rich biodiversity owing to the presence of

Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem. However, due to intense industrialization and urbanization, many of the pockets have become ecologically sensitive. The present paper is an attempt to evaluate the Ecologically Sensitive Zone (ESZ) through enumeration of Aquatic Health Index (AHI). In the present programme, three stations in and around Indian Sundarbans namely Canning, Junput and Sagar Island were selected and the aquatic health index value of these stations varied as per the order Sagar Island > Canning > Junput. The lower value of the index reflects deteriorated condition of the coastal water due to excessive industrial, agricultural and domestic run-off. The high values of the index are the indicators of congenial coastal environment.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.3, n.5, November (2017).

Summary

Articles

A Cosmically Whole Ethical System: The GOOD, The BAD, and A Determination to Assure a Sustainable Energy Deployment, also A Most Stable World Peace.

Tolga Yarman. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.3, n.5, (1-8), November 03, 2017.

Abstract

The proximate analysis and mineral composition were studied in tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) collected from Singur region of Hooghly district in West Bengal (India). The extract of the leaf was mixed with channa (a milk product) to prepare rasgulla, a famous traditional Indian sweet. The composition of the prepared rasgulla was studied and compared with the control (where the tulsi leaf extract was not mixed). Significant variation in composition was observed between control and experimental rasgullas. Our first order analysis exhibits a better/upgraded performance in terms of nutritional value of rasgulla, which may provide a wide avenue for the replication of such non-conventional sweet industry

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What the Recent Interventions in the Region has Taught us, is that, Free-Market Economy is a Fallacy, and What Really Matters is the Brutal Seizure of Resources and Mainly Energy Resources by World Powers.

Tolga Yarman. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.3, n.5, (16-20), November 18, 2017.

Abstract

Articles

Carbon Sequestration by Mangrove Vegetation: A Case Study from Odisha Bhitarkanika Wild Life Sanctuary (BWLS).

Kakoli Banerjee, Gobinda Bal, Nabonita Pal, Gahul Amin and Abhijit Mitra. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.3, n.4, (1-9), October 10, 2017.

Abstract

There has been great interest on the selective and efficient biological imaging, cell labeling, anti–microbial agents and anti–cancer Nano drugs in nanomedicines based drug delivery systems for anti–cancer targeting and treatment. Medical, medicinal, clinical and pharmaceutical applications of Estradiol, Mestranol (Norlutin),

Norethindrone (NET), Norethisterone Acetate (NETA), Norethisterone Enanthate (NETE) and Testosterone nanoparticles as biological imaging, cell labeling, anti–microbial agents and anti–cancer Nano drugs is known to occur in several pathways leading to nanomedicines based drug delivery systems for anti–cancer targeting and treatment.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.3, n.3, September (2017).

Summary

Articles

Principle of equivalence and general theory of relativity.

Valery Borisovich Morozov. PJSE, v.3, n.3, (1-4), September 01, 2017.

Abstract

It was shown that the general form of the continuous gravitational field metric coincides with the non-inertial system metric describing motion in the Minkowsky space. The result is not a solution of Einstein’s equation, which fact requires a revision of a structure of the general relativity theory.

Принцип эквивалентности и общая теория относительности.

Валерий Борисович Морозов. PJSE, v.3, n.3, (1-4), Cентябрь 01, 2017.

Абстрактные

ItПоказано, что общий вид метрик непрерывного гравитационного поля и неинерциальной системы, описывающее движение в пространстве Минковского совпадает. Результат не является решением уравнения Эйнштейна, что требует пересмотра структуры общей теории относительности.

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Como a Neurociência Educacional pode ajudar alunos com altas habilidades a aprenderem Biologia.

Amauri Betini Bartoszeck. PJSE, v.3, n.3, (5-22), September 15, 2017.

Abstract

This exploratory study aims to evaluate by means of a Likert scale anchored ten questions the extent to which a small sample of thirty three teachers from various subject matters from urban area schools understand when using “case study” in the teaching and learning of Biology by their students. Questions contents are versed with how to learn in effective and with interest the biological science and the natural world, how the high skills student deals with more complex topics in Biology, and how to collect experimental data. It highlighted the use of scientific vocabulary applying when writing scientific essays relating what is already know to new issues applying the created knowledge to novel situations, integrating and transferring to new contexts. Additional considerations were collected from teachers involved and presented in the attachments. Educational implications are discussed and provided by means “case” exemplars.

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Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) of Heavy Metals in Selected Grassy Species in Mejia Thermal Power Plant, West Bengal, India.

Upasana Datta, Sangita Agarwal, Sufia Zaman and Abhijit Mitra. PJSE, v.3, n.3, (23-28), September 29, 2017.

Abstract

Pollution from fly ash is one of the principle environmental and public health problems in recent times. Concentrations of toxic metals of Zn, Cu, Pb were determined in the grassy vegetation around Mejia Thermal Power Station, West Bengal, India during November, 2015. Simultaneously the biologically available heavy metals in the fly ash were also estimated to evaluate the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) in the selected grass species. The study reveals that BAF is more in Typha elephantia as compared to Phargmites karka. The present study is a probable road map for natural bioremediation of fly ash using producer community of the area.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.3, n.2, July (2017).

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Metodologia para Análise do Consumo de Água em Edificações Escolares

Charles Roberto Telles. PJSE, v.3, n.2. (1-10), July 2017

Abstract

Government expenditures for hydric resources supplying to public schools are increasing demands, specially in the infrastructure sectors of society, such as schools, which have large circulation of people on a daily basis. With the constant increase of consumption of water resources, also are constant the government budget not only with water provision but with engineering works associated with this type of service. The present article will propose an analysis of how to understand the water consumption based in the oscillations records in scholar edifications. The consumption in scholar edifications is analyzed with a great number of schools and they have several variables for each particular school. It is suggested to use two types of methodology to understand the use of water in schools: a survey of the expenditures in the water consumption and identification of causes of consumption and origins of randomness patterns in the expenditures.

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Affonso Ávila e o ensaísmo barroco

Josoel Kovalski. PJSE, v.3, n.2. (11-21), July 2017

Abstract

This article deals with the essayist practice of the poet Affonso Ávila, a Brazilian Baroque scholar. The intention is to explore, firstly, some notions that the Baroque and Neo-baroque terms were given during the twentieth century, both in Brazil and in other Latin American countries. In the sequence, this text intends to appreciate some Baroque characteristics noticed in Avila's essay writing, using the ludic categorical exemplification of modern scriptural operation, focusing our analysis on Ávila's last essay. The research seeks an approximation between Latin American Neo-baroque thinkers and the Brazilian poet, leading to a dialogue made possible by the appreciation of the Baroque as a molder of a modern dynamic. It will be noticed, at the end, that the writing of the Brazilian essayist dialogues with the Baroque production of his peers in Latin America, since his research about the role of the baroque in our modernity, mainly by the ludic view and analogical way of his compositions, resembles the literary projects of other Latin American thinkers.

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A Importância do Uso das Novas Tecnologias para o Ensino-Aprendizagem nas Séries Iniciais

Silvana Regina Xisto Fiori. PJSE, v.3, n.2. (22-28), July 2017

Abstract

This work is based on the importance of the use of new web technologies in the classroom, in order to provide the integral development of learners. It is considered that the initial series are the most important in the life of a student, since it is in this age group that he begins his literacy. Thus, this article aims to reflect on the use of these new technologies in the classroom, in order to understand how to make their use a more meaningful and dynamic classroom resource. However, in order to make it effective in the classroom, it is necessary to count on the committed work of teachers, as they are the guiding principles of education for the preparation of citizens. The insertion of the Web into teaching-learning practices is necessary for teaching to follow the evolution of society and prepare qualified citizens to work in the labor market.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.3, n.1, January (2017).

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Study of the molecular geometry of Caramboxin toxin found in star flower (Averrhoa carambola L.)

Ricardo Gobato. PJSE, v.3, n.1. 1-9, January 24, (2017).

Abstract

The present work describes the equilibrium configuration of the caramboxin molecule studied using the Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density functional theory (DFT) calculations. With the DFT calculations, the total energy for the singlet state of caramboxin molecule has been estimated to be -933.3870701 a.u. Furthermore, the binding energy of the caramboxin molecule has been estimated to be 171.636 kJ/mol. The carambola or star fruit is a fruit used for human consumption in juices, desserts, pastries, custards, jellies, or even in natural consumption. Recent research indicates that it has great toxicity for people with kidney failure, and may even lead to death. Experiments demonstrated that it has glutamatergic effects, which means that it affects the function of the neurotransmitter glutamate, thus explaining the neurological effects. Our calculations indicate that the main active sites in carambox are the -OH (alcohols) groups, and the two carboxyl (-COOH) groups.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.2, n.6 (2016).

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Ética profissional na educação inclusiva.

Valdiney Ferreira and Joaquim Parron. PJSE, v.2, n.6. 1-9 (2016).

Abstract

The approach towards the discussions of the individual with disabilities in the Brazilian educational context should establish intensively as its applicability to ethical and moral duty in order to promote the inclusion of all individuals in the school environment. It aims to the importance of the process of integration of people with disabilities in our society. School inclusion is a matter of citizenship, an expectation to pursue a social world inspired by human diversity, inclusion is when we tailor to meet students with multiple disabilities, reviewing practices, specific contents and materials so that the student participates effectively in class their limitations and potentials in order to promote learning and personal development. In the case of inclusive education must always establish the importance of the actions with dialogue between human beings. Soon, ethics as a way of life happens when the values ​​in the content and in the exercise of the act of educating are human values ​​such as civic equality, justice, human dignity, democracy, solidarity, and the integral development of the student. The school should be a welcoming and multidisciplinary environment where all disciplines should have a single goal the quality of teaching.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.2, n.5 (2016).

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O expurgo da "magia" no sagrado feminino.

Edna de Oliveira Lessa. PJSE, v.2, n.5. 1-5 (2016).

Abstract

Living the wrath of the XXI century'm inclined to think that not infrequently in history the terminology of some words are distorted and sealed forever the fate of many. In this context where the intellectual cause revulsion and ignorant they scream, I want to draw using me specific bibliography, how the woman was used to expunge ancestral knowledge, using the distortion of the term magic in favor of political and economic power.

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Mathematics for input space probes in the atmosphere of Gliese 581d.

Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato and Desire Francine Gobato Fedrigo. PJSE, v.2, n.5. 6-13 (2016).

Abstract

The work is a mathematical approach to the entry of an aerospace vehicle, as a probe or capsule in the atmosphere of the planet Gliese 581d, using data collected from the results of atmospheric models of the planet. GJ581d was the first planet candidate of a few Earth masses reported in the circum-stellar habitable zone of another star. It is located in the Gliese 581 star system, is a star red dwarf about 20 light years away from Earth in the constellation Libra. Its estimated mass is about a third of that of the Sun. It has been suggested that the recently discovered exoplanet GJ581d might be able to support liquid water due to its relatively low mass and orbital distance. However, GJ581d receives 35% less stellar energy than the planet Mars and is probably locked in tidal resonance, with extremely low insolation at the poles and possibly a permanent night side. The climate that demonstrate GJ581d will have a stable atmosphere and surface liquid water for a wide range of plausible cases, making it the first confirmed super-Earth (2-10 Earth masses) in the habitable zone. According to the general principle of relativity, “All systems of reference are equivalent with respect to the formulation of the fundamental laws of physics.” In this case all the equations studied apply to the exoplanet Gliese 581d. If humanity is able to send a probe to Gliese 581d, this has all the mathematical conditions set it down successfully on its surface.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.2, n.4 (2016).

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Study of the molecular electrostatic potential of D-Pinitol an active hypoglycemic principle found in Spring flower Three Marys (Bougainvillea species) in the Mm+ method.

Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato and Desire Francine Gobato Fedrigo. PJSE, v.2, n.4. 1-9 (2016).

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the major causes of premature illness and death worldwide. The prevalence of diabetes has reached epidemic proportions. The work is a study of the molecular electrostatic potential via molecular mechanics of the D-Pinitol found in the Bougainvillea species, a Nyctaginaceae. A computational study of the molecular geometry of the D-pinitol through Mm+ method of the hypoglycemic compounds present in Bougainvillea species is described in a computer simulation. It is a active antidiabetic agent compounds. The study the cyclitol resembles the hooks weed bur plant Asteraceae, it showed up as appearance of a bur molecule. Probably bind to sugar molecules contained in the blood, through hydrogen bonds.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.2, n.3 (2016).

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Matter and energy in a non-relativistic approach amongst the mustard seed and the ”faith”. A metaphysical conclusion.

Ricardo Gobato. PJSE, v.2, n.3. 1-14 (2016).

Abstract

The work is the result of a philosophical study of several passages of the Holy Bible, with regard to faith. We analyzed verses that include mustard seed parables. The study discusses the various concepts of faith as belief and faith as a form of energy. In this concept of faith as energy, we made a connection and this matter. We approach the gravitational field using the Law of Universal Gravitation and the equation of equivalence between energy and matter not to relativistic effects. Of Scriptures, we focus on Matthew 17:20, and according to the concept of faith as a form of energy, we calculate the energy needed to raise a mountain, for the conversion of matter to energy in a mustard seed and we compare a massive iron mountain, Mount Everest and Mount Sinai. We conclude with these concepts and considerations that energy ”faith” can move a mountain.

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"Da aranha da história à teia acadêmica"

Edna de Oliveira Lessa. PJSE, v.2, n.3. 15-18 (2016).

Abstract

The never ending search for historical knowledge, not infrequenty make us move trhough a historiographical tangle, where pure simply prima to understand a work that at the time in question bases its research: in this case, a short discussion of the work "The Dialectic Reversed Emília Viotti".

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.2, n.2 (2016).

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Harnessing the energy of ocean surface waves by Pelamis System.

Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato and Desire Francine Gobato Fedrigo. PJSE, v.2, n.2. 1-15 (2016).

Abstract

Over the years, energy has become vital for humans, enabling us to comfort, leisure, mobility and other factors. The quest for cheap energy sources, renewable and clean has grown in recent years, mainly for the reduction of effects that comes degrading nature, allowing scientists and engineers to search for new technologies. Many energy sources have been researched for proper funding where some stand out for their ease of obtaining, by other low cost and others by being renewable. The main objective of this work is to study one of these energy sources - the energy of ocean surface waves, whose harnessing is still in development. This energy is 100% renewable and with minimal environmental impact when compared to hydro, nuclear, coal, thermal, etc. The system studied here is the Pelamis System.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.2, n.1 (2016).

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Study of tornadoes that have reached the state of Paraná

Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato and Desire Francine Gobato Fedrigo. PJSE, v.2, n.1. 1-27 (2016).

Abstract

Several tornadoes have solid recorded in the Midwest, Southeast and South of Brazil. The southern region of Brazil has been hit by several of them in the last decade, highlighted the state of Paraná a to record three tornadoes in 2015. The work is a survey of tornadoes that caused major damage to the Paraná population, relevance those who reached the Balsa Nova counties, Francisco Beltrão, Cafelândia, Nova Aurora and Marechal Cândido Rondon. The main cause because it is related to El Niño which has caused a significant rise in temperature and water vapor present in the atmosphere in the state’s regions in surroundings that influence the climate of the state. Another likely factor is the increase in global temperature of the planet, a ripple effect on the warming of Pacific Ocean waters. The meeting is the possibility of the formation of large storms that funnel and reach the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina. Overall fronts storms fall into two, forming a separation channel as a wave, their crests (storms) and valleys (lull), advancing the state of Paraná.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v.1, n.2 (2015).

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Avro: key component of Lockheed X-35

Desire Francine Gobato Fedrigo, Ricardo Gobato and Alekssander Gobato. PJSE, v.1, n.2. 1-6 (2015).

Abstract

One of the most unusual military aircraft programs V / STOL was the Avro VZ-9 “Avrocar”. Designed to be a real flying saucer, the Avrocar was one of the few V / STOL to be developed in complete secrecy. Despite significant changes in the design, during flight tests, the Avrocar was unable to achieve its objectives, and the program was eventually canceled after an expenditure of 10 million US dollars between 1954 and 1961. But the concept of a lift fan, driven by a turbojet engine is not dead, and lives today as a key component of Lockheed X-35 Joint Strike Fighter contender. Was held in a data research and information related to Avrocar project carried out during the Second World War, which was directly linked to advances in aircraft that were built after it, and correlate them with the turbo fan engines used today.

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Allocryptopine, Berberine, Chelerythrine, Copsitine, Dihydrosanguinarine, Protopine and Sanguinarine. Molecular geometry of the main alkaloids found in the seeds of Argemone Mexicana Linn

Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato and Desire Francine Gobato Fedrigo. PJSE, v.1, n.2. 7-16 (2015).

Abstract

The work is a study of the geometry of the molecules via molecular mechanics of the main alkaloids found in the seeds of prickly poppy. A computational study of the molecular geometry of the molecules through molecular mechanics of the main alkaloids compounds present in plant seeds is described in a computer simulation. The plant has active ingredients compounds: allocryptopine, berberine, chelerythrine, copsitine, dihydrosanguinarine, protopine and sanguinarine. The Argemone Mexicana Linn, which is considered one of the most important species of plants in traditional Mexican and Indian medicine system. The seeds have toxic properties as well as bactericide, hallucinogenic, fungicide, insecticide, in isoquinolines and sanguinarine alkaloids such as berberine. The studied alkaloids form two groups having distribution characteristics similar to each other loads, to which they have dipole moments twice higher than in the other group.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. v. 1, n. 1 (2015).

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Molecular electrostatic potential of the main monoterpenoids compounds found in oil Lemon Tahiti - (Citrus Latifolia Var Tahiti)

Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato and Desire Francine Gobato Fedrigo. PJSE, v.1, n.1. 1-10 (2015).

Abstract

The work is a study of the geometry of the molecules via molecular mechanics of the main monoterpenoids found in the oil of Lemon Tahiti. Lemon Tahiti is the result of grafting of Persia file on Rangpur lime and has no seeds. A computational study of the molecular geometry of the molecules through molecular mechanics of the main monoterpenoids compounds present in fruit oil is described in a computer simulation. The fruit has active terpenoids compounds: alfa-pinene, beta-pinene, limonene and gama-terpenine. The studied monotepernoides form two groups of distribution characteristics of fillers and similar electrical potentials between groups. Since alfa-pinene and limonene present, major and minor moment of electric dipoles, respectively.

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Parana Journal of Science and Education. ISSN 2447-6153