In this article Carson National Forest plans to implement specific prescribed burns near Angel Fire to better improve the burning conditions of wildfires. Together the La Jara, and Apache broadcast burns to treat 1,800 acres of land. There are many conditions such as the level of preparedness for the crew and the land area in order for the burn to safely and successfully. Fire managers are taking into consideration the smoke impact on the Covid 19 pandemic and surrounding communities of those who are home staying in quarantine. Individuals who are smoke sensitive or medically sensitive should take precautionary measures.

New Mexico Fire Information. Carson National Forest Planning Prescribed Burns near Angel Fire Next Week. https://nmfireinfo.com/2021/10/21/carson-national-forest-planning-prescribed- burns-near-angel-fire-next-week/, Accessed on 17 December, 2021.

BLM fuel management in New Mexico conducts a variety of activities prescribed burns, vegetation treatment using mechanical, chemical, and biological tools. The program seeks to rid of onion juniper and invasive species that will prevent further burns to the surrounding areas. In order for BLM to move on their goals it is needed to have further plans with contractors and other programs working towards the same goal. With the risk of fire management there are Wildfire assessments and “Storymaps” that BLM uses to communicate internally and used by the public externally to the public. The intent of the BLM fire risk assessment is to assess wildfire risk on a national scale. Final maps are used to inform future BLM programs every 5 years of allocations and management funds.

US Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management. Fuels Management. https://www.blm.gov/programs/public-safety-and-fire/fire/fuels-management , Accessed on 17 December, 2021.

Many Tribes across North America used fire as a tool to perpetuate habitats and resources that kept their cultures, economies, traditions and livelihoods sustained. Tribal uses and knowledge have decreased as a result of the fire suppression policy and managements have prevented the use of fire to manage landscapes. The federal government has a trust in American Indian tribes for management and cultural purposes. Many tribes seek to use traditional burning to achieve multiple resource objectives including reducing hazardous fuels and reintroducing fire adapted ecosystems.

Lake, Frank K., Wright, Vita, Morgan, Penelope, McFadzen, Mary McWethy, Dave, and Camille Stevens-Rumann. Returning Fire to the Land: Celebrating Traditional Knowledge and Fire. Journal of Forestry, 115(5):343–353, September 2017 .https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=MSIC&u=nm_s_santafeis&id=GALE|A512776769&v=2.1&it=r&sid=ebsco&asid=835bd82a.%20Accessed%201%20Apr.%202022.

In 1939 New Mexico's legislature addressed the state's poor practices on private lands that impacted water quality and wildlife. In 1970 NM replaced 1939s first regulation for better treatment of forests that will reduce wildfires and improve wildlife. BMPs in New Mexico have requirements for land qualities and surrounding waters. New Mexico forestry has opened itself to educate private landowners to meet their standards. New Mexico's forest provide much beauty, lumber, recreation, lands for grazing and to keep such good quality proper management will the forests, wildlife, and watersheds.

EMNRD “Forrest regulations and best management practices” EMNRD March 2008

https://www.emnrd.nm.gov/sfd/forest-regulations-and-best-management-practices-bmp/

Carson National forest management based on the Acequias system. Meant to help the surrounding communities and forests. Permits needed to collect wood prevent surrounding neighbors treating the hazardous dry fuels in the valley. The distribution of water and land has had great success for tribal communities. Fire suppression policies have brought concern that the left hazardous fuels of trees will make a fire much more powerful. This program /council of collecting wood has paid the volunteer more than forestry service employees. Lin Yeto is people based work; they are not fully employed in any forestry program but with their collection and management for the wood. If a fire occurs his area will have a much more contained burn.

Photographing the Border, Reflecting on NM Colonialism, Protecting Forests, Kevin Mcdonald, New Mexico In focus, 2021, https://youtu.be/iD0ZBqj3LB8

Ultimately it is difficult to stop all industrial “progress” with Businesses and Companies who rely on producing products. Voices that support seed sovereignty and change inIn my community and others across the globe, we have our own traditional ways of farming and preserving life. When new ideas are brought up it can cause disagreements in the actions that are needed to adapt to the world's climate changing environment. It is important that we can share our ideas with leaders and the community members about more ideal self sustaining seed paradigms. Introducing Seed collecting to where in our own communities we have native seeds that will be available for all our community members. The world was hit with a pandemic that halted and slowed mass food production. In native communities we know how to survive and support our communities if the world were to stop. This comes with sharing knowledge our people already know about self-sustaining ecosystems and adjusting it to what the land requires today.

Virgo Girl “SEED: The Untold Story (2016)” Youtube, 30 Nov. 2020

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K0XU2rU4XVI

Accessed 29 Mar. 2022.

The Amazon Rainforest is one of the richest places on earth for its nature. It scales across nine South American Countries but the bulk of it is in brazil. The forest's plant life holds around 100 billion tons of carbon dioxide. Since the emergence of the states in south America has made money for its timber, beef, and soybeans and the forest has been suffering from large demand. The deforestation here has been a problem for over 50 years and in 2014 deforestation rose. At this rate the forest has reached a tipping point that if 20 or 25 percent of the rainforest is destroyed it will result in lower rainfall and longer dry seasons globally.

New Mexico is a diverse state that is full of dry land and mountainous areas. These areas still produce carbon dioxide on a much smaller scale. All tribes in NM have their right and their own way of taking care of their land as the world around us changes. There are laws and rules placed to protect land. Not all effects on our land stem from us but it is showing us signs that we are not taking the best care of our planet. Our state produces many crops in individual communities in order to keep growing our lands need to be supported in ways that combat climate change from our own scale.

Smith, Patricia. "THE AMAZON UNDER FIRE: To aid its struggling economy, Brazil has allowed massive destruction of the rainforest, raising fears about the consequences for the rest of the planet." New York Times Upfront, vol. 152, no. 11, 30 Mar. 2020, pp. 8+. Gale OneFile: High School Edition, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A621689521/STOM?u=nm_s_santafeis&sid=ebsco&xid=5d073702. Accessed 3 Mar. 2022.

The Encebado burn scar in Taos Pueblo faces effects of the fire in 2004 including habitat and plant loss. There is a specific name for the mountain in our language it means “The Hunting Mountain” where much of the deer would go towards the end of winter and traditionally our ancestors annualized hunting which is now on a regulated level. Since the fire we continued our hunts on that side of the mountain as wildlife continued to flourish. While most of the vegetation thrived and adapted to the soil some of the older trees were burned and damaged. What we are left with is a slow regrowth of the forest and its habitat. By using Ethnobotany and what we already know of our land and ourselves on how the mountain and its inhabitants have changed since the fire we can speed up the restoration process.

Lutz, Eleanor. "Living with Fire: Surviving the forest wildfires of California." American Scientist, vol. 105, no. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2017, pp. 328+. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A512776769/MSIC?u=nm_s_santafeis&sid=ebsco&xid=835bd82a. Accessed 1 Apr. 2022.