Embedded Files
¨Sharing One Skin¨
Sharing One Skin is an article written by Jeanette Armstrong of the Okanagan tribe. It's located in Columbia, which is much like California in weather. She explains her mother and father and what community they claim to be a part of. She tells us how she introduces herself and what she claims to be, and what community she belongs to (clans). Armstrong also tells us that the Okanagan word means our whole understanding of what we are as human beings. She then describes through the whole article about our human bodies and what they symbolize in her tradition.
Armstrong, Jeanette. “Sharing one skin: The Okanagan community,” in Jerry Mander and Edward Goldsmith (eds), The Case Against The Global Economy. San Francisco, CA, Sierra Club Books, 1996. PP 460-470
“Native American Identity”
This article is about how we identify as Native American or American Indian. She explains how these phrases have changed over time. If you are identified as Native American now it includes the Indigenous people of hawaii, Alaska and, samoa. She talks about going to a conference and the guest speaker, speaks about White privilege. In these 6 paragraphs she explains why she disagrees about White Privilege she says white people brought this on themselves due to the things they have done in past history. In ending this article she explains the blood quality of being Native American you have to have in order to claim your ethnicity and background of being Native American or American Indian.
Horse, Perry G. “Native American Identity”. New Directions for student services, no. 109, Wiley Periodicals Inc, 2005. Pp. 61-64.
Substance Abuse In the Indigenous Community
In the article “Substance Abuse In the Indigenous Community” by Kristen Fuller she talks about Indigenous people having their land taken away from them and it causing Native Americans to live in poverty, having drugs issues, mental health issues. She explains in the next few sentences about alcoholism and opioid addiction. She states that the reason why many Native Americans struggle with those addictions are because of lack of health care, troubled history, racism and discrimination. Fuller states under Opioid Use Disorder among Native American ´that during the year 2013-2015 the rate of fetal opioid overdose was nearly three times higher among Native Americans compared to whites´.
Fuller, Kristen, “Substance Abuse In the Indigenous community”. Discovery Mood and Anxiety Program, October 08, 2021. December 17, 2019.
Drug Abuse equals death for Indigenous youth
In this article “Drug Abuse Equals Death For Indigenous Youth” by Dr Brian Goldman I thought it was a very alarming article. He states that Indigenous youth are on the top of the list to die from substance abuse. The ages that drug abuse happens are between 14-30 years old. Overdose, illness, and suicide are causes of the main death that happens in Canada. I thought it was pretty crazy how mostly women abuse drugs because of sexual abuse trauma and neglect. Dr. Goldman states that “research by the Cedar Project has shown that having at least one parent who went to an Indian Residential school increases the risk of trauma in subsequent generations''. Which is true after learning about Historical Events during this week. Dr. Goldman also says that health care does a poor job looking after Indigenous patients because of myths they have heard about Native Americans. They are racist towards Native Americans and don't want to help a Native American get their life back on track. He states that its a huge crisis because it affects everyone, not just the individual on drugs.
Goldman, Brian Dr. “Drug Abuse Equals Death For Indigenous Youth”. CBC News. October 08, 2021. November 07, 2021.
Current state of the issue
Drug abuse had a dramatic change when the pandemic hit the United State. Many people lost their jobs, many people became homeless, and many individuals turned to drugs to help them cope. Being isolated from family members, friends, and the community had a huge impact on individuals. Individuals felt alone and felt like drugs were their only escape. Individuals working from home felt as if they could drink or be under the influence while in the Zoom call, who would know? Individuals that declined the vaccine also lost their jobs causing them to become financially unstable turning them to drugs.
“Substance abuse during the pandemic”
Substance Abuse During The Pandemic is about the spike with drug Overdoses during the pandemic. If it wasn't Covid-19 related then it was more than likely a drug overdose. Abramson states that many people turned to substance abuse for coping with stress or emotions related to Covid-19. Mandy Owens states that people that have used drugs already before the pandemic were more than likely to turn to something more stronger meaning the cost may have been cheaper. Mandy also states that people also turned to other drugs because the supply for their usual drug was difficult to access. Mandy states that many people turned to fentanyl pills during this pandemic becoming cheaper, accessible, but very deadly. William states that people are more stressed and isolated so they make unhealthy decisions including drinking and taking drugs. Owen says that people are less inactions with people or are able to go out causing them to turn to drugs because they are stressed and lonely. Compton says that people are more likely to die when they are using drugs alone because there is no one to call 911 or give them naloxone. Compton states that it was harder to get people to seek medical care they needed for recovery from Opioid use because many were shut down due to Covid-19. There has been a spike in the telemedicine and methadone clinics because many insurance companies pay for this type of treatment.
Abramson, Ashley. “Substance Abuse During The Pandemic”. American Psychological Association. March 1, 2021. Vol. 52 No. 2, https://www.apa.org/monitor/2021/03/substance-use-pandemic
“UNODC World Drug Report 2021: Pandemic effects ramp up drug risk, as youth underestimate cannabis danger”
This article is about drug reports over the last year. 36 million people suffered from drug abuse and over the year around 275 million people used drugs worldwide. Reports state that the cannabis potency has increased by four times higher causing people and many adolescents to get addicted quicker and turn to higher drugs. Reports say that opioids continue to account for the largest burden of drug abuse. Reports increased for methadone clinics over the last year causing people to have more access to drugs even when the clinics are lining them off. Reports also noted that cocaine supply chains to Europe are diversifying, pushing prices down and quality up and thereby threating Europe with further expansions of the cocaine market.
Hansford, Brain. “UNODC World Drug Report 2021: Pandemic effects ramp up drug risk, as youth underestimate cannabis danger”. United Nations Office On Drug And Crime. June 24, 2021. Press release. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/press/releases/2021/June/unodc-world-drug-report-2021_-pandemic-effects-ramp-up-drug-risks--as-youth-underestimate-cannabis-dangers.html
“Coronavirus drug abuse: A Pandemic Within A Pandemic”
This video talks about the pandemic and how drinking turned to drug usage. They are mainly focusing on Canada. They mention that the demand for help in the U. S for addiction treatment budgets are slashed. They say that the UK is reporting long waiting lists for reopened addiction centers. During the pandemic South Africa has reimposed a ban on alcohol sales and renforeced a curfew to tackle a spike in cases and addictions. Many people lost their jobs due to shutting down liquor stores. Many people that struggle with mental health issues said there was increased use with drugs or alcohol for them during these unusual situations. Reports say that it's hard to help people during these harsh times with addictions because there are no resources out there because everything was shut down.
“Coronavirus drug abuse: A Pandemic Within A Pandemic”. Youtube. DW News. July 20, 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watchv=NVCh09r7Tx0
Mexican cartel are turning to meth and fentanyl production
History is being made in Mexico as drug cartels turn to increasingly innovative ways to manufacture their products. Over the last year, authorities have seized record-breaking quantities of meth, fentanyl, and other drugs. These record-breaking seizures demonstrate the growing importance of labs and the growing difficulty of shutting them down. As production capabilities increase, so too do the amounts of dangerous chemical compounds that can be produced in a lab.The shift to lab-produced narcotics is evident across Mexico, according to data from the Defense Department. Over the last year, authorities have seized record-breaking quantities of meth, fentanyl, and other drugs. These records-breaking seizures demonstrate the growing importance of labs and the growing difficulty of shutting them down. As production capabilities increase, so too do the amounts of dangerous chemical compounds that can be produced in a lab. In early March, authorities in southern Mexico uncovered a staggering 83 tons of meth and fentanyl worth an estimated $3.6 billion the largest meth and fentanyl seizure in the nation's history. The drugs were hidden inside steel cylinders inside a truck traveling from Mexico through Central America toward the U.S. The seizure illustrates the growing importance of synthetic drugs in Mexico, a shift illustrated most dramatically just last week when a trucker from Mexico was arrested after trying to smuggle record-breaking amounts of meth and fentanyl into the U.S. The shift to lab-produced narcotics is evident across Mexico, according to data from the Defense Department. Over the last year, authorities have seized record-breaking quantities of meth, fentanyl, and other drugs.
Press, The Associated. “Mexican Cartels Are Turning to Meth and Fentanyl Production.” NPR, NPR, 21 Dec. 2021, february 17, 2022
It's not surprising it been this trajectory highest ever overdose death roll reported nationwide in Arizona between May 2020 and April 2021
This video I came across while doing research is about a 14 year old who overdosed on fentanyl. She is from Arizona. She went to bed and never woke up. Karchmaros says “ We definitely see a disproportionately impact of drug overdose deaths on minority, racial and ethnic populations more .'' They also mention that Chochie County and the Navajo Nation saw the largest jump in numbers with 65% in death rate this year.
Loya, Adriana. “It's not surprising it been this trajectory highest ever overdose death roll reported nationwide in Arizona between May 2020 and April 2021 “ 12 News Published: 9:58 PM MST November 17, 2021. February 17, 2022.
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