Embedded Files
PREVALENCE OF BETA THALASSEMIA IN A SAMPLE OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN SULAIMANI CITY
PREVALENCE OF BETA THALASSEMIA IN A SAMPLE OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN SULAIMANI CITY
Ahmed Faiq Mustafa a and Adnan Mohammed Hassan b
Ahmed Faiq Mustafa a and Adnan Mohammed Hassan b
a Kurdistan Board Medical Studies Candidate.
b Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani.
Submitted: 28/6/2018; Accepted: 14/10/2018; Published 21/12/2018
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.17656/jsmc.10175
ABSTRACT
Background
Beta thalassemia is a major health problem in Sulaimani. The disease is usually diagnosed early but puts a huge burden on the health sector due, as well as a high morbidity and mortality of the Patient. The carrier state is mostly under diagnosed.
Objectives
To determine the prevalence of Beta thalassemia trait in school aged children in Sulaimani city.
Materials and Methods
A prospective cross-sectional study, undertook in 2 months peroid in 2017 in Sulaimani city, in which a total of 300 students were randomly taken from five primary school. A complete blood count was done, the serum hemoglobin electrophoresis and iron studies were done for individuals with anemia (PCV < 36%) or microcytosis (MCV < 76 fL).
Results
Out of 300 subjects 43 (14.3%) had anemia (including 17 (5.7%) had iron deficiency anemia), 13 (4.3%) had Beta thalassemia (major and minor).
Conclusion
The high prevalence rate of Beta thalassemia carrier state necessitates strengthening the preventive program, and neonatal screening to control and prevent cases of thalassemia major.
KEYWORDS
Beta thalassemia, Anemia, Prevention, Sulaimani.
References
Bain BJ. Hemoglobinopathy diagnosis, 1st ed. England; Oxford, Blackwell Science Ltd, 2001; p260.
Weatherall DJ .Hemoglobin and inherited disorders of globin synthesis. In: Hoffbrand AV, Catovsky D, Tuddenham EGD. Postgraduate haematology, 5th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Pub.; 2005: p85-90.
Weatherall DJ. Thalassemia in the next millennium: keynote address. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;850:1-9
Angastiniotis M, Modell B . Global epidemiology of hemoglobin disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;850:251-269
Lorey F, Cunningham G . Impact of Asian immigration on thalassemia in California. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;850:442-445
Wynn R, Bhat R, Monagle P. Pediatric hematology: A practical guide. 1st ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2017: p103.
Arneil G, Forfar J, McIntosh N. Forfar & arneil’s textbook of pediatrics. 7th ed. Edinburgh, UK: Churchill Livingstone; 2008: p966
Weatherall DG, Clegg JB. The thalassemia syndromes. 4th ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell; 2000: p132.
Pootrakul P, Sirankapracha P, Hemsorach S, Moungsub W, Kumbunlue R, et al. A correlation of erythrokinetics, ineffective erythropoiesis, and erythroid precursor apoptosis in Thai patients with thalassemia. Blood. 2000;96(7):2606–2612
Jalal S D, Al-Allawi NA, Faraj AH, Ahmad NH. Prevalence of haemoglobinopathies in Sulaimani-Iraq. Duhok Med J. 2008;2:1-9.
Cao A, Rosatelli Mc, Galanello R. Control of B-thalasemia by carrier screening, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis. Ciba-Found-symp . 1996;197:137-51.
Kliegman R, Stanton B, St Geme J W, Schor N F, Behrman R E. Nelson textbook of paediatrics. 20th ed. Phialdelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: p2310-2324.
De Sanctis V, Kattamis C, Canatan D, Soliman AT, Elsedfy H, et al. β-thalassemia distribution in the old world: an ancient disease seen from a historical standpoint. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2017; 9(1).
Hassan MK, Taha JY, Al-Naama LM, Widad NM, Jasim SN. Frequency of ß-thalassaemia, haemoglobin S and glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Basra governorate, Iraq. Eastern Mediterranean Health J. 2003;9. 45- 54.
Yahya HI. Khalel KJ, Al-Allawi NA, Helmi F. Thalassaemia genes in Baghdad, Iraq. Eastern Mediterranean health journal.1996; 2. 315-319.
Al-Allawi NA, Al Dousky AA. Frequency of haemoglobinopathies at premarital health screening in Dohuk, Iraq: implications for a regional prevention programme. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal.2010; 16. 381-385.
Khaleel KJ, Hameed AH, Fadhel AM, Yaseen NY. Prevalence of thalassemia genes in mosul. Iraqi Journal of Science. 2009; 8:10.
Polus R. Prevalence of hemoglobinopathies among marrying couples in Erbil province of Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Hematology.2017;6(2):90-93.
Galehdari H, Salehi B, Pedram M, Oraki Kohshour M. High prevalence of rare mutations in the Beta globin gene in an ethnic group in iran. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2011 May;13(5):356–8.
Bashir N, Barkawi M, Sharif L, Momani A, Gharaibeh N. Prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in North Jordan. Tropical and geographical medicine.1992; 44: 122-5.
Ganeshaguru K, Acquaye JK, Samuel AP, Hassounah F, Agyeiobese S, et el. Prevalence of thalassaemias in ethnic Saudi Arabians. Trop Geogr Med. 1987;39:238–243.
Çavdar AO, Arcasoy A. The incidence of beta-thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobins in turkey. Acta Haematol 1971;45:312-318.
Genç A, Korkmaz D, Buyukleyla M, Celiker M. Prevalence and molecular analysis of β-thalassemia in adiyaman, turkey. Hemoglobin.2012; 36(2): 131-138.
El-beshlawy A, Kaddah N, Moustafa A, Mouktar G, Youssry I. Screening for beta-thalassaemia carriers in egypt: Significance of the osmotic fragility test. Eastern Mediterranean health journal. 2006; 13. 780-6.
Jain, R. Sickle cell and thalassaemic genes in libya. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1985; 79. 132-3.
Malamos B, Fessas Ph, Stamatoyiannopoulos G. Types of thalassemia trait carriers, as revealed by a study of their incidence in Greece. Br J Haemat. 1962;8:5–14
© The Authors, published by University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Page updated
Report abuse