jsmc-10048

SEROPREVALENCE OF ANTI-RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS ANTIBODIES IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN SULAIMANI GOVERNORATE/ IRAQ

Tariq A. G. Aziz * and Ali Hattem Hussain **

*  Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sulaimani

** Sulaimani Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University.

Submitted: 23/7/2013; Accepted: 20/11/2013; Published 1/6/2014

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.17656/jsmc.10048 

ABSTRACT

Background

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major respiratory pathogen among children, and it is a leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia among hospitalized children.

Objectives

To measure the seroprevalence of anti-RSV antibodies among hospitalized children presenting with acute respiratory tract infections in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan/Iraq.

Methods

ELISA technique was used to detect serum anti-RSV antibodies (IgM and IgG antibodies) from 300 hospitalized children less than 5 years old with a diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections.

Results

IgM anti-RSV was positive in 61 (20.3%) out of 300 children. The highest seroprevalence was found in the age group 1 to < 2 years, while the lowest in the age group 2 to < 3 years. No significant gender difference was found among seropositive children. The IgM anti – RSV seropositive children were suffering from bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or other respiratory tract infections in a frequency of 29 (47.5%), 15 (24.6%), and 17 (27.9%). The IgG anti-RSV antibodies were positive in 216 (72%) out of the 300 children, and there was a gradual increase in percentage of seropositivity with increasing age.

Conclusion

RSV is a common viral respiratory pathogen among hospitalized children in Sulaimani governorate/ Kurdistan/Iraq, and most of the children had experienced RSV infection by the age of five years.

KEYWORDS

Respiratory syncytial virus, hospitalized children, Sulaimani Governorate, ELISA technique.

References 

1- Paes BA, Mitchell I, Banerji A, Lanctot KL, Langley JM. A decade of respiratory syncytial virus epidemiology and prophylaxis: translating evidence into everyday clinical practice. Can Respir J. 2011 Mar-Apr;18(2):e10-9. 

2- Hotz C, Loechl C, de Brauw A, Eozenou P, Gilligan D, Moursi M, et al. A large-scale intervention to introduce orange sweet potato in rural Mozambique increases vitamin A intakes among children and women. The British journal of nutrition. 2011 Oct 10:1-14.

3- Melendi GA, Bridget D, Monsalvo AC, Laham FF, Acosta P, Delgado MF, et al. Conserved cysteine residues within the attachment G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus play a critical role in the enhancement of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. Virus Genes. 2011 Feb;42(1):46-54. 

4- H Nair, DJ Nokes, BD Gessner, M Dherani, SA Madhi, et al. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet.2010 May; 375 (9725):1545–55.

5- Luchsinger V, Piedra PA, Ruiz M, Zunino E, Martinez MA, Machado C, et al. Role of neutralizing antibodies in adults with community-acquired pneumonia by respiratory syncytial virus. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2012 Apr;54(7):905-12.

6- Johansson N, Kalin M, Tiveljung-Lindell A, Giske CG, Hedlund J. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia: increased microbiological yield with new diagnostic methods. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2010 Jan 15;50(2):202-9. 

7- Varsano N, Azar R, Ben-Bassat M, Mendelson E. Application of ELISA for IgM, IgA and antigen detection for rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections: a comparative study. Clinical and diagnostic virology. 1995 Jan;3(1):17-27. 

8- Popow-Kraupp T, Aberle JH. Diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. The open microbiology journal. 2011;5:128-34. 

9- Lamarao LM, Ramos FL, Mello WA, Santos MC, Barbagelata LS, Justino MC, et al. Prevalence and clinical features of respiratory syncytial virus in children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia in northern Brazil. BMC infectious diseases. 2012;12:119. 

10- Miron D, Srugo I, Kra-Oz Z, Keness Y, Wolf D, Amirav I, et al. Sole pathogen in acute bronchiolitis: is there a role for other organisms apart from respiratory syncytial virus? The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2010 Jan;29(1):e7-e10.

11- Shony M. Odisho ASA-B, Nahi Y. Yaassen. Detection of Respiratory syncytial virus infection in a sample of infants in Iraq. IRAQI J MED SCI. 2009;7(4):9.

12- Karimi A, Khoshdel A, Imani R. Seroprevalence of Respiratory Synsytial Virus and Humam Parainfluenzae Virus in Childreen with Respiratory Problems in Shahre-Kord, Central Iran.2010 July; 12(4):504-06. 

13- Hacimustafaoglu M, Celebi S, Aynaci E, Sinirtas M, Koksal N, Kucukerdogan A, et al. The progression of maternal RSV antibodies in the offspring. Archives of disease in childhood. 2004 Jan;89(1):52-3. 

14- Midulla F, Scagnolari C, Bonci E, Pierangeli A, Antonelli G, De Angelis D, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus, human bocavirus and rhinovirus bronchiolitis in infants. Archives of disease in childhood. 2010 Jan;95(1):35-41. 

15- Baek YH, Choi EH, Song MS, Pascua PN, Kwon HI, Park SJ, et al. Prevalence and genetic characterization of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in hospitalized children in Korea. Archives of virology. 2012 Jun;157(6):1039-50. 

16-  Bhattarakosol P, Pancharoen C, Mungmee V, Thammaborvorn R, Semboonlor L. Seroprevalence of anti-RSV IgG in Thai children aged 6 months to 5 years. Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology / launched by the Allergy and Immunology Society of Thailand. 2003 Dec;21(4):269-71.

Full Text 

 © The Authors, published by University of Sulaimani, College of Medicine

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.