Jsmc-10385

THE EFFECTS OF MATERNAL OBESITY ON MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOMES IN WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES

Fatima Habeeb Faraj a, Maryam Bakir Mahmood b, Huda Muheddin Muhammad b, and Jamal Mahmood Salih b

a Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

b College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

Submitted: 27/5/2022; Accepted: 21/10/2022; Published: 21/12/2022

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.17656/jsmc.10385

ABSTRACT

Background

Obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can interfere. Poorly controlled blood glucose can cause unfavourable maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Objectives

The study aims to know the effects of maternal obesity on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with controlled GDM..

Patients and Methods

A prospective observational study was performed on 90 pregnant women with GDM admitted to Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021. Maternal and gestational ages, residencies, gravidity, and parity were recorded. In addition, maternal body mass index, depending on Rcog guidelines for blood glucose targets, mode of delivery, and maternal and neonatal complications were noted. Also, neonatal complications were documented, including Apgar score and body weight.

Results

Maternal ages were 34.2±6.4 years, ranging from 21 to 45. Most of them (92.3%) resided inside Sulaimani. None of the maternal outcomes had a significant association with their body weight (P-value >0.05). One woman in the obese group had intrauterine fetal death. All neonatal consequences were significantly associated with maternal body weight (P-value <0.05).

Conclusion

The current study did not find significant associations between maternal body weights with maternal outcomes in women with controlled GDM. However, at the same time, maternal obesity has significantly increased neonatal complications.

KEYWORDS

Maternal obesity; Gestational Diabetes; Maternal Outcomes; Neonatal outcomes.

References

1. Catalano PM. The impact of gestational diabetes and maternal obesity on the mother and her offspring. J Dev Orig Heal Dis. 2010;1(4):208–15.

2. Ornoy A, Becker M, Weinstein-Fudim L, Ergaz Z. Diabetes during pregnancy: A maternal disease complicating the course of pregnancy with long-term deleterious effects on the offspring. A clinical review. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(6):1–38.

3. Stirrat L, Reynolds R. Effects of maternal obesity on early and long-term outcomes for offspring. Res Rep Neonatol. 2014;4:43–53.

4. Leddy M, Power M, Schulkin J. The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Maternal and Fetal Health. Rev Obs Gynecol. 2018;1(4):170–8.

5. Miao M, Dai M, Zhang Y, Sun F, Guo X, Sun G. Influence of maternal overweight, obesity and gestational weight gain on the perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep. 2017;7:305.

6. Wahabi HA, Fayed AA, Alzeidan RA, Mandil AA. The independent effects of maternal obesity and gestational diabetes on pregnancy outcomes. BMC Endocr Disord. 2014;14:47.

7. Athukorala C, Rumbold AR, Willson KJ, Crowther CA. The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women who are overweight or obese. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2010;10:56.

8. Casey BM, Rice MM, Landon MB, Michael W, Reddy UM, Wapner RJ, et al. Effect of Treatment of Mild Gestational Diabetes on Long-Term Maternal Outcomes. Am J Perinatol. 2020;37(5):475–82.

9. Kim C. Maternal outcomes and follow-up after GDM. Diabet Med [Internet]. 2014;31(3):292–301. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3944879/

10. Gomes D, von Kries R, Delius M, Mansmann U, Nast M, Stubert M, et al. Late-pregnancy dysglycemia in obese pregnancies after negative testing for gestational diabetes and risk of future childhood overweight: An interim analysis from a longitudinal mother-child cohort study. PLoS Med. 2018;15(10):e1002681.

11. Owens LA, O’Sullivan EP, Kirwan B, Avalos G, Gaffney G, Dunne F, et al. ATLANTIC DIP : The Impact of Obesity on Pregnancy Outcome in Glucose-Tolerant. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(3):577–9.

12. Catalano PM, McIntyre HD, Cruickshank JK, McCance DR, Dyer AR, Metzger BE, et al. The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Study. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(4):780–6.

13. Dennedy MC, Avalos G, Reilly MWO, Sullivan EPO, Gaffney G, Dunne F. ATLANTIC-DIP : Raised Maternal Body Mass Index ( BMI ) Adversely Affects Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Glucose-Tolerant Women According to International. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(4):E608-12.

Full Text

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.