Jsmc-10316

FACTORS AFFECTING EARLY WEIGHT GAIN OF PRETERM BABIES ADMITTED IN SULAIMANI NEONATAL CARE UNIT

Hevin Jaafar Ali a, Adnan Mohammed Hasan b, and Jamal Mohammed Hussein b

a Board Candidate, Directory of Health Ministry of Health, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

b Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

Submitted: 18/8/2019; Accepted: 21/8/2020; Published: 21/9/2021

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.17656/jsmc.10316

ABSTRACT

Background

Prematurity is a term used for neonates born before 37 weeks of gestation; it is a leading cause of neonatal mortality. Preterm birth deprives the fetus of nutrient transfer in the third trimester, particularly amino acids, fats, and minerals. Preterm birth is therefore associated with significant nutritional deficits.

Objective

To assess the weight change of neonates delivered prematurely and admitted to the neonatal care unit (NCU).

Patients and Methods

In a prospective study, 99 neonates who were delivered prematurely and admitted to NCU were included; antenatal and intrapartum history was taken, APGAR score, weight at the time of admission was taken. Then, at the 3rd, 7th, 10th, and 14th days of admission, weight was measured again. Finally, the amount of feeding was calculated based on the type of feeding, including breast milk, formula, and mixed.

Results

Weight loss can be seen with all types of feeding, but is more with breastfeeding (p< 0.05), the survival rate was highest among breastfed and mixed, however, more than 90% of formula milk neonates survived (p < 0.05). The correlation between gestational week and survival and discharge was significant. (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Weight loss is more in babies receiving breast milk but least in neonates on formula feeding. Another factor, such as gestational age, might affect these findings. We need further research with a larger sample size and longer duration to estimate weight change in preterm neonates, including multiple centers.

KEYWORDS

Neonatal care unit (NCU), Preterm, Weight change, Breast milk, Formula milk.

References

1- Furdon SA, Clark DA. Prematurity Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Diet. 2019. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/975909-treatment

2. Cutland CL, Lackritz EM, Mallett-Moore T, Low birth weight: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of maternal immunization safety data. Vaccine. 2017; 35:6492–6500. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.049

3. Hay W, Levin MJ, Deterding R, R. Current Diagnosis and Treatment Pediatrics. Available from: https://medbooksfree.com/download-current-diagnosis-treatment-pediatrics-23e-pdf/

4- Burklow KA, Mcgrath AM, Kaul A. Management and Prevention of Feeding Problems in Young Children with Prematurity and Very Low Birth Weight. Infants & Young Children. 2002;14(4):19–30.

5- Anderson, Alfred Kojo et al. Assessment of the Nutritionally Essential Minerals and Physiochemical Properties of Infant Milk Food Commercially Available in Kuwait. (2016). DOI: 10.17352/2455-815X.000007

6. Seaton SE, Barker L, Jenkins D, Draper ES, Abrams KR, Manktelow BN. What factors predict the length of stay in a neonatal unit: a systematic review. BMJ Open. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2016. Available from: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/10/e010466

7. Ayten Bilgin, Marina Mendonca, Dieter Wolke, Drrernat h. Preterm Birth/Low Birth Weight and Markers Reflective of Wealth in Adulthood: A Meta-analysis PEDIATRICS Volume 142, number 1, July 2018: e20173625

8. S S Prakesh, Kusuda S, Hakansson S. Neonatal outcomes of very low birth weight triplets. Pediatrics Dec 2018, 142 (6) e20181938; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-1938

9. GBD 2015 Child Mortality Collaborators (2016). Global, regional, national, and selected subnational levels of stillbirths, neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet (London, England), 388(10053), 1725–1774. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31575-6

10. Meghan B. Azad, Lorena Vehling, Deborah Chan, et al. Infant Feeding and Weight Gain: Separating Breast Milk from Breastfeeding and Formula from Food. PEDIATRICS Volume 142, number 4, October 2018: e20181092

11. Aldemar A. Carlo, M.D., Shivaprasad S. Goudar, et al. Newborn-Care Training and Perinatal Mortality in Developing Countries NEJM February 18, 2010 Comparison of the Nutritional Values of Infant Formulas Available in Saudi ArabiaReceived July 21, 2017. Accepted for publication August 8, 2017.SAGE

12. Zylbersztejn, Ania et al. “Child mortality in England compared with Sweden: a birth cohort study.” Lancet vol. 391,10134 (2018): 2008-2018. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30670-6

13. Bu-Hamdi MA, Al-Harbi M, Anderson AK. Assessment of the Nutritionally Essential Minerals and Physiochemical Properties of Infant Milk Food Commercially Available in Kuwait. (2016) Int J Agricultural Sci Food Technology 2(1): 001-008. DOI: 10.17352/2455-815X.000007

14. Committee on Fetus and NewbornHospital Discharge of the High-Risk Neonate PEDIATRICS Volume 122, Number 5, November 2008, Published online October 31, 2008. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-2174

15. Anchieta L.M., Xavier C.C., Colosimo E.A., Souza M.F. Weight of preterm newborns during the first twelve weeks of life. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003; 36(6): 761-770. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000600012&lng=en. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2003000600012.

16. Islami Z, Fallah R, Mosavian T, Pahlavanzadeh MR. NICU's growth parameters admitted low birth weight, preterm neonates at corrected ages of 6 and 12 months. Iran J Reprod Med. 2012 Sep;10(5):459-64. PubMed PMID: 25246912; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4169684.

17. Fenton TR, Nasser R, Eliasziw M, Kim JH, Bilan D, Sauve R. Validating the weight gain of preterm infants between the reference growth curve of the fetus and the term infant. BMC Pediatr. 2013 June 11; 13:92. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-92. PubMed PMID: 23758808; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3700759.

Full Text

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.