Mycobacterium Avium Complex disease

Clinical Info HIV

• Overview of management of MAC as an opportunistic infection including diagnosis, expected presentation and treatment recommendations

1. Which of the following describes the diagnostic method for MAC disease?

a) Based on signs/symptoms

b) Isolation of MAC from sputum 

c) Isolation of MAC from blood

d) CXR findings (ie. Ground glass infiltrates)  

2. Which of the following signs/symptoms is NOT consistent with localized MAC disease? 

a) Fever

b) Leukocytosis

c) Lymph node enlargement

d) Small bowel thickening on imaging

3. Which of the following is a risk factor for MAC?

a) CD4 count <50 cells/ mm³

b) HIV VL >1000 copies/mL despite ART

c) Concurrent opportunistic infections 

d) All the above are risk factors for MAC 

4. Which of the following agents is recommended for MAC primary prophylaxis? 

a) SMX/TMP 

b) Macrolide (azithromycin or clarithromycin)

c) Ethambutol + rifabutin

d) Ciprofloxacin

5. Which of the following regimens is used for the treatment MAC disease?  

a) Macrolide + rifabutin

b) Macrolide monotherapy

c) Macrolide + ethambutol + rifabutin

d) Ethambutol + rifabutin