Glaucoma

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1. What distinguishes open-angle glaucoma from angle-closure glaucoma?

a) Presence of optic disc cupping
b)Both are always symptomatic
c) Involvement of the posterior chamber in open-angle glaucoma
d) Gradual vs. rapid increase in intraocular pressure (IOP)

2. Which of the following is a first-line pharmacologic option for managing open-angle glaucoma?

a) Corticosteroids
b) Prostaglandin analogues
c) Intranasal decongestants
d) Systemic antihistamines

3. What is the definitive treatment for angle-closure glaucoma?

a) Laser iridotomy or surgical iridotomy
b) Beta blockers
c) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
d) Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists

4. Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for open-angle glaucoma?

a) Advanced age
b) Positive family history
c) Elevated intraocular pressure
d) Myopia

5. Which drug class is commonly associated with drug-induced glaucoma?

a) Beta blockers
b) Corticosteroids
c) Prostaglandin analogues
d) Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists