Sodium & water Therapeutics

Peter Loewen's Na/H2O 1-pager

• A helpful guide for assessing and managing Na/H2O disorders

CPS - Hypovolemia 

• Chapter on treating and managing hypovolemia

1. Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of hypovolemia? 

a) A drop in SBP of 22 mmHg from lying to standing 

b) Orbital depression  

c) Dry mucous membranes 

d) Elevated JVP 

2. Which of the following is a symptom of hyponatremia? 

a) Lethargy 

b) Thirst 

c) Palpitations 

d) Postural lightheadedness  

3. Which of the following does NOT cause hypernatremia?

a) Not getting enough fluids

b) Diarrhea

c) Metformin 

d) Diaphoresis 

4. Which of the following medications would you want to discontinue while your patient is hypovolemic? 

a) Diphenhydramine

b) Dapagliflozin

c) Diltiazem

d) Doxycycline

5. A patient presents with mild hypovolemia, which of the following is the most appropriate way to restore fluid status?

a) Give an IV fluid challenge

b) Give 100 mL 3% NaCl IV over 10 min

c) Give 250 mL 0.9% NaCl IV over 30 min 

d) Give oral rehydration with hydralyte