Cough and Cold 

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1. Which part of the respiratory tract is primarily affected by an acute self-limiting viral infection?
   a) Lower respiratory tract
   b) Upper respiratory tract
   c) Alveoli
   d) Bronchioles
   
   

2. Which of the following is a common causative agent for the common cold?
   a)  H. Influenza
   b) Rhinovirus
   c) Fungi
   d) Protozoa

3. What physiological mechanism leads to nasal obstruction during a viral infection?
   a) Constriction of nasal vessels
   b) Pooling of blood in nasal vessels, increasing vascular permeability
   c) Increased mucociliary clearance
   d) Blockage of the trachea

4. Which of the following is a red flag for emergency referral in the context of a cold?
   a) Mild sore throat
   b) Persistent cough
   c) Severe dehydration
   d) Slight fever

5. What is the primary goal of therapy for managing the common cold?
   a) Complete eradication of the virus
   b) Reducing symptoms and preventing complications
   c) Avoiding all pharmaceutical interventions
   d) Prolonging the course of illness to allow for immunity

6. Which of the following is a non-pharmacological intervention recommended for managing nasal obstruction?
   a) Honey
   b) Hand washing
   c) Humidified air
   d) Blowing nose with tissue

7. Which of the following risk factors increases the severity of a viral infection?
   a) Smoking
   b) Daycare attendance
   c) Psychological stress
   d) Malnutrition

8. For which condition is dextromethorphan recommended, according to the provided therapeutic guidelines?
   a) Wet cough
   b) Dry cough
   c) Sore throat
   d) Nasal congestion

9. Which group is at higher risk of the common cold?
   a) Adults between the ages of 18-25
   b) Infants, young children, and elderly
   c) Middle-aged individuals
   d) Pregnant women

10. Which medication should be avoided in patients using MAOIs for nasal obstruction?

a) Pseudoephedrine

b) Ipratropium 

c) Saline irrigation 

d) Honey