Intra-Abdominal Infections

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1. Which of the following is true

a) Primary peritonitis is defined by bacterial source that comes from inside the peritoneal cavity 

b) Primary peritonitis it typically monomicrobial 

c) Secondary peritonitis is usually caused by catheters that introduce bacteria from the skin to the peritoneal cavity 

d) Anaerobes are the most common pathogen in peritoneal-dialysis peritonitis

2. A patient presents with right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Their HR is 110 bpm and they show tenderness and abdominal guarding. What additional investigations would you do to confirm an intra-abdominal infection? 

a) Paracentesis with blood culture

b) PMN cell count

c) Gram stain 

d) All of the above 

3. What class of medications can increase a person's risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis? 

a) NSAIDs

b) CCBs

c) PPIs

d) Nitrate

4. Which of the following is NOT an indication for prophylaxis treatment of SBP? 

a) Inflammatory bowel disease

b) End stage liver disease

c) Hyponatremia

d) Low ascitic protein < 15 g/L 

5. What are 2 considerations that must be accounted for when choosing between a cephalosporin or an aminoglycoside for treating PD-peritonitis? 

a) Liver function and bacterial resistance

b) Renal function and difficulty hearing

c) Electrolytes and allergies