Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

What is the most common causative organism for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
a) Proteus mirabilis
b) Staphylococcus saprophyticus
c) Klebsiella pneumoniae
d) Escherichia coli

Which of the following is true about acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
a) They are associated with impaired renal function and require IV antibiotics.
b) They primarily affect the kidneys and are considered complicated UTIs.
c) They involve superficial or mucosal infections such as cystitis or urethritis.
d) They always require a 14-day antibiotic regimen for effective treatment.

Which factor is classified as a risk for drug-resistant pathogens in UTIs?
a) Recent loss of consciousness
b) Travel to regions with high prevalence of resistant gram-negative bacteria
c) Use of spermicides
d) Pregnancy

For a patient with recurrent UTIs related to sexual intercourse (≥3 UTIs per year), which treatment strategy is recommended?
a) Daily prophylaxis for 6 months with nitrofurantoin or SMX/TMP
b) Post-coital therapy for 6 months with nitrofurantoin or SMX/TMP
c) Ciprofloxacin PO for 3 days after each UTI episode
d) Cephalexin PO for 7 days following each UTI episode

What is the first-line treatment for an acute uncomplicated UTI (cystitis)?
a) Cefixime PO x 7 days
b) Nitrofurantoin PO x 5 days
c) Ciprofloxacin PO x 3 days
d) Amoxicillin/Clavulanate PO x 14 days