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Lesson goals
Lesson goals
Identify various figures of speech in authentic examples and use figures of speech to bolster your own arguments
Lesson activities
Lesson activities
Warm-up Activity
Figures of Speech Matching Exercise
Do as She Does
Warm-up Activity
Warm-up Activity
🕒~15-20 minutes ✍️ Read and Present 🎯Speaking Strategies
In smaller groups, choose one of the speeches and perform it for your classmates.
Read the script
Try to perform it with as much gusto as possible
Most importantly, have fun!
Remember to listen and pay attention while your classmate(s) do their best.
Speech Scripts
Speech Scripts
Hamlet in Shakespeare’s Hamlet
“To be, or not to be: that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep;
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;
o sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause: there's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life”
Source: http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/jo/quotes/speech.htm; https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4595997
Yoda’s speech in The Empire strikes back
“No! Try not. Do. Or do not. There is no try. ... Size matters not. Look at me. Judge me by my size, do you? Hm? Mmmm. And well you should not. For my ally in the Force. And a powerful ally it is.
Life creates it, makes it grow. Its energy surrounds us and binds us. Luminous beings are we... not this crude matter. You must feel the Force around you. Here, between you... me... the tree... the rock... everywhere! Yes, even between this land and that ship!”
Source: http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/Star-Wars-The-Empire-Strikes-Back.html; https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=40373629
lbus Dumbledore's introduction speech in The Prisoner from Azkaban
“Welcome! Welcome to another year at Hogwarts! I have a few things to say, before we become befuddled by our excellent feast. I myself am particularly looking forward to the flaming kiwi cups, which, while somewhat treacherous for those of us with facial hair... Mm. Yes.
First, I'm pleased to welcome Professor R.J. Lupin, who has kindly consented to fill the post of Defense Against the Dark Arts. Good luck to you, Professor.”
Winston Churchill's Blood, sweat, and tears
“I say to the House as I said to ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.
You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea, and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy.
You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs – Victory in spite of all terrors – Victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.”
Source: http://www.artofmanliness.com/2008/08/01/the-35-greatest-speeches-in-history/; https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=41991931
Chief Joseph's Surrender speech
“Tell General Howard I know his heart. What he told me before, I have it in my heart. I am tired of fighting. Our Chiefs are killed; Looking Glass is dead, Ta Hool Hool Shute is dead. The old men are all dead. It is the young men who say yes or no. He who led on the young men is dead. It is cold, and we have no blankets; the little children are freezing to death.
My people, some of them, have run away to the hills, and have no blankets, no food. No one knows where they are – perhaps freezing to death. I want to have time to look for my children, and see how many of them I can find. Maybe I shall find them among the dead. Hear me, my Chiefs! I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”
Source: https://www.biography.com/news/chief-joseph-quotes-surrender-speech; https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=18177722
Winston Churchill’s We shall fight on the beaches
I have, myself, full confidence that if all do their duty, if nothing is neglected, and if the best arrangements are made, as they are being made, we shall prove ourselves once again able to defend our Island home, to ride out the storm of war, and to outlive the menace of tyranny, if necessary for years, if necessary alone. At any rate, that is what we are going to try to do. That is the resolve of His Majesty’s Government-every man of them. That is the will of Parliament and the nation. The British Empire and the French Republic, linked together in their cause and in their need, will defend to the death their native soil, aiding each other like good comrades to the utmost of their strength.
Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender
Source: Winstonchurchill.org
Malala Yousafzai’s Education First
Dear brothers and sisters, we must not forget that millions of people are suffering from poverty, injustice, and ignorance. You must not forget that millions of children are out of their schools. We must not forget that our sisters and brothers are waiting for a bright, peaceful future. So let us wage a global struggle against illiteracy, poverty, and terrorism. Let us pick up. Let us pick up our books and our pens. They are our most powerful weapons. One child, one teacher, one book, and one pen can change the world. Education is the only solution. Education first. Thank you.
Source: Rev.com
Aragorn's speech at the Black Gate
Hold your ground! Hold your ground!
Sons of Gondor, of Rohan, my brothers,
I see in your eyes the same fear that would take the heart of me.
A day may come when the courage of men fails,
when we forsake our friends
and break all bonds of fellowship,
but it is not this day.
An hour of wolves and shattered shields,
when the age of men comes crashing down,
but it is not this day!
This day we fight!
By all that you hold dear on this good Earth,
I bid you stand, Men of the West!
Figures of Speech Matching Exercise
Figures of Speech Matching Exercise
🕒~15-20 minutes ✍️ Listen and Identify 🎯Speaking Strategies
Do as She Does
Do as She Does
🕒~15-20 minutes ✍️ Read and Create 🎯Speaking Strategies
Part A: Analyse Elinor's speech
Read Elinor's script and answer the questions on your whiteboard
What kind of arguments does she use? (logos, ethos and pathos)
What strategies does Ellinor use to create well-structured arguments?
What figures of speech does she use? Find at least one!
Elinor on Should we legalise marijuana?
Elinor on Should we legalise marijuana?
“Dear judges. Dear opposition. Dear audience. It is in my great belief that marijuana should be legalised for recreational and medical purposes. As it significantly profits, protects and pushes society in a better direction as long as there is strict state regulation.
For instance, no cannabis when driving. An age restriction around 20 years for buying it. A state regulated monopoly and other regulations to ensure safety in our society. But how?
Well having this state as the only legal distributor will limit the black market as people will choose to buy it from a legal source instead. Other crimes associated with marijuana will also be limited by the demise of the black market as the illegal dealing, smuggling and growing of marijuana will decrease.
The individual will also be protected, but because they can know that what they are using is safe and is clean from other substances. Because - let's be realistic - people are going to use drugs. Think about the fact that more than half of US adults, over 128 million people, had tried marijuana, despite it being an illegal drug under US federal law. Isn’t it better to know that it is safe and under control than to simply put it in the hands of illegal distributors?
This is why society, as well as the individual, will be benefited by the legalisation of marijuana. Let's not pretend that we live in a world where people don't use drugs just because they're illegal. Let's not allow the burden of the black market to continue to lie heavy on society's shoulders. Instead, let's finally legalise marijuana. Thank you very much.”
Part B: Do as She Does
Copy Elinor’s way of writing and choose the broad path to debate the legalisation of marijuana or the narrow path to choose a topic of your own:
Fill in the blanks (. . .) with your own words.
Write your answer on your whiteboard.
Once done, share it with the class.
“Dear judges. Dear opposition. Dear audience. It is in my great belief that marijuana should be legalised for recreational and medical purposes. As it significantly profits, protects and pushes society in a better direction as long as there is strict state regulation.”
It is in my great belief that . . . . . . . . . . . . . As it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . society in a better direction, as long as . . . . . . . . . . . . .Thank you.
Create one example in favour of and one example opposed to your topic.
In favour of [your topic]
It is in my great belief that . . . . . . . . . . . . . As it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . society in a better direction, as long as . . . . . . . . . . . . .Thank you.
Opposed to [your topic]
It is in my great belief that . . . . . . . . . . . . . As it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . society in a better direction, as long as . . . . . . . . . . . . .Thank you.
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