Embedded Files
6 February 2021.
Frequencies below 30 kilohertz.
COMMUNICATIONS AND EMISSIONS - Below 30 Kilohertz.
Submarine radio below 30 kHz.
The world below 30 kHz.
Radio below 30 kHz.
TLF radio,
ELF radio,
SLF radio,
ULF radio,
VLF radio,
The All Frequency Database Index is here: http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/somaliaphotos10
You are here:
11. TLF Tremendously Low Frequency radio.
12. ELF Extremely Low Frequency radio.
13. SLF Super Low Frequency radio.
14. ULF Ultra Low Frequency radio.
15. VLF Very Low Frequency radio.
Index:
11. TLF Tremendously Low Frequency emissions.
12. ELF Extremely Low Frequency emissions.
13. SLF Super Low Frequency emissions.
14. ULF Ultra Low Frequency emissions.
15. VLF Very Low Frequency emissions.
11. TLF Tremendously Low Frequency communications.
12. ELF Extremely Low Frequency communications.
13. SLF Super Low Frequency communications.
14. ULF Ultra Low Frequency communications.
15. VLF Very Low Frequency communications.
Index summery:
Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio from 0 Hz – 3 Hz.
11. TLF Radio Communications and Emissions.
11.1 TLF Earthquake detection.
11.2 TLF Experimental Radio.
11.3 TLF Submarine radio broadcasts.
11.4 24 hour TLF continuous monitoring.
Extremely Low Frequency ELF radio from 3 Hz – 30 Hz.
12. ELF Radio Communications and Emissions.
12.1 ELF Experimental Radio
12.2 ELF Schumann resonances.
12.3 ELF Submarine radio broadcasts.
Super Low Frequency SLF radio 30 Hz – 300 Hz.
13. SLF Radio Communications and Emissions.
13.1 SLF Experimental Radio.
13.2 SLF Schumann resonances.
13.3 SLF Submarine radio broadcasts.
13.4 SLF Power line noise.
Ultra Low Frequency ULF radio from 300 Hz – 3000 Hz.
14. ULF Radio Communications and Emissions.
14.1 ULF Amateur Radio.
14.2 ULF Experimental Radio.
14.3 ULF Nuclear magnetic resonance detection.
14.4 ULF Submarine radio broadcasts.
Very Low Frequency VLF radio from 3 kHz – 30 kHz.
15. VLF Radio Communications and Emissions.
15.1 VLF Amateur Radio and Experimental Radio.
15.2 VLF Earth research.
15.3 VLF Experimental Radio.
15.4 VLF Submarine naval broadcasts.
15.5 VLF Machine Transmitter.
15.6 VLF Military radio.
15.7 VLF Natural radio wave emissions.
15.8 VLF Radar.
15.9 VLF Radio navigation.
15.10 VLF Time Signal stations.
11.
TLF Radio Communications and Emissions.
Tremendously Low Frequency radio communications stations and emissions.
Tremendously Low Frequency communications stations and emissions.
Tremendously Low Frequency radio stations and emissions.
(Named by some as Terribly Low Frequency).
TLF 0 – 3 Hz.
TLF 0 Hz – 3 Hz.
TLF 0 – 0.003 kHz.
TLF 0 kHz – 0.003 kHz.
TLF 0 – 0.000003 MHz.
TLF 0 MHz – 0.000003 MHz.
Introduction to Tremendously Low Frequency TLF DX, the hobby of listening to distant Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio stations and natural Tremendously Long Wave radio emissions between 0 Hz to 3 Hz.
Tremendously Low Frequency (TLF) radio signals have Tremendously Long wave (TLW) lengths.
Tremendously Long Wave communications stations and TLF emissions.
The hobby of Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio DX.
The hobby of Long distance Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio listening.
The hobby of listening to natural radio emissions on Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio.
The hobby of listening to submarine broadcast stations on Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio.
The hobby of listening to utility radio stations on Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio.
Radio Astronomy on TLF.
TLF DX is long distance Tremendously Low Frequency radio listening.
TLF DX is long distance Tremendously Low Frequency radio hunting.
TLF DXer is a long distance Tremendously Low Frequency radio listener.
TLF DXing is the searching for long distance Tremendously Low Frequency radio signals.
Introduction to TLF radio.
Introduction to Tremendously Low Frequency radio.
Introduction to Trebly Low Frequency radio.
Tremendously Low Frequency radio spectrum classification.
http://www.hamuniverse.com/basicsofradio.html
11.1
Earthquake detection.
Tremendously Low Frequency Earthquake detection.
TLF Earthquake detection.
TLF Earthquake detector on 1 Hz (I Hertz).
TLF Earthquake monitor.
http://www.vlf.it/itulist/itulist.htm
11.2
Experimental Radio.
Tremendously Low Frequency Experimental Radio.
TLF Experimental Radio.
Tremendously (T) Low (low) Frequency (f) Experimental Radio (er).
Tlowfer (“Tee-Low-Fer”).
TLowFER.
See 10.1 (Radio Waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz) and 15.1 (Amateur Radio and Experimental Radio).
11.3
Submarine radio broadcasts.
Tremendously Low Frequency submarine radio broadcasts.
TLF submarine broadcasts.
TLF submarine communications.
TLF submarine radio communications.
TLF submarine radio broadcasts on 2.2 Hz (2.2 Hertz)
The hobby of listening to TLF submarine radio broadcasts.
In submarine radio broadcasts a 76 kHz Extremely Low Frequency ELF radio wave will penetrate between 90 to 120 metres (300 feet to 400 feet) below the surface of the Ocean salt water.
Submarine Tremendously Low Frequency TLF radio broadcasts on 2.2 Hz (2.2 Hertz) penetrate below the surface of the Ocean salt water more than 90 to 120 metres (300 to 400 feet).
The link below also has a link to the online 0 Hz to 3 kHz Receiver.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
11.4
24 hour TLF continuous monitoring.
Tremendously Low Frequency monitoring.
TLF monitoring.
Radio waves near 1 Hertz travel through the earth and can be detected by earth electrode antennas (antennas on the surface of the Earth).
Radio waves near 1 Hertz also travel worldwide between the earth’s surface and the upper atmosphere and can be detected using antennas above ground.
The availability of computer software to detect weak signals under the noise that the human ear cannot hear has resulted in a worldwide interest to maintain receivers that continuously monitor these frequencies and correlate unusual signals with known events.
This fundamental scientific research aims to make new discoveries and open new understandings about the Earth and the factors that affect it.
You can download software that turns your computer into a TLF to VLF radio receiver, connect an antenna to the computer’s microphone input socket and enjoy exploring and listening to TLF to VLF radio waves. Remember to disconnect the antenna when not in use to avoid lightning damage to your computer.
You can make two antennas, one in the air to hear worldwide TLF to VLF radio waves and one in or on the ground to hear TLF to VLF waves travelling through the Earth. You might be the one who makes the next scientific discovery.
You can also see live data from online TLF to VLF radio receivers on the Internet.
Links to the free software to make your computer into a TLF to VLF radio receiver and links to see online TLF to VLF radio receivers are here.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
12.
ELF Radio Communications and Emissions.
Extremely Low Frequency radio communications stations and emissions.
Extremely Low Frequency communications stations and emissions.
Extremely Low Frequency radio stations and emissions.
ELF 3 – 30 Hz.
ELF 3 Hz – 30 Hz.
ELF 0.003 – 0.03 kHz.
ELF 0.003 kHz – 0.03 kHz.
ELF 0.000003 – 0.00003 MHz.
ELF 0.000003 MHz – 0.00003 MHz.
Introduction to Extremely Low Frequency ELF DX, the hobby of listening to distant Extremely Low Frequency ELF radio stations and natural Extremely Long Wave radio emissions between 3 Hz to 30 Hz.
Extremely Low Frequency (TLF) radio signals have Extremely Long wave (TLW) lengths.
Extremely Long Wave communications stations and ELF emissions.
The hobby of Extremely Low Frequency ELF radio DX.
The hobby of Long distance Extremely Low Frequency ELF radio listening.
The hobby of listening to natural radio emissions on Extremely Low Frequency ELF.
The hobby of listening to submarine broadcast stations on Extremely Low Frequency ELF.
The hobby of listening to utility radio stations on Extremely Low Frequency ELF.
Radio Astronomy on ELF.
ELF DX is long distance Extremely Low Frequency radio listening.
ELF DX is long distance Extremely Low Frequency radio hunting.
ELF DXer is a long distance Extremely Low Frequency radio listener.
ELF DXing is the searching for long distance Extremely Low Frequency radio signals.
Introduction to ELF radio.
Introduction to Extremely Low Frequency radio.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremely_low_frequency
Some ELF emissions 3 Hz to 30 Hz.
http://www.vlf.it/itulist/itulist.htm
12.1
Experimental Radio.
Extremely Low Frequency Experimental Radio.
ELF Experimental Radio.
Extremely (E) Low (low) Frequency (f) Experimental Radio (er).
Elowfer (“Eee-Low-Fer”).
ELowFER.
See 10.1 (Radio Waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz) and 15.1 (Amateur Radio and Experimental Radio).
12.2
Schumann resonances.
Extremely Low Frequency Schumann resonances.
ELF Schumann resonances.
The hobby of listening to ELF Schumann resonances.
The hobby of listening for disruptions in Earth’s magnetic field.
The study of the magnetosphere surrounding the Earth.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schumann_resonance
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_magnetic_field
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
12.3
Submarine radio broadcasts.
Extremely Low Frequency submarine radio broadcasts.
ELF submarine broadcasts.
ELF submarine communications.
ELF submarine radio broadcasts.
ELF submarine radio communications.
The hobby of listening to submarine ELF radio broadcasts.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
13.
SLF Radio Communications and Emissions.
Super Low Frequency radio communications stations and emissions.
Super Low Frequency communications stations and emissions.
Super Low Frequency radio stations and emissions.
SLF 30 Hz – 300 Hz.
SLF 0.03 – 0.3 kHz.
SLF 0.03 kHz – 0.3 kHz.
SLF 0.00003 – 0.0003 MHz.
SLF 0.00003 MHz – 0.0003 MHz.
Introduction to Super Low Frequency SLF DX, the hobby of listening to distant Super Low Frequency SLF radio stations and natural Super Long Wave radio emissions between 30 Hz to 300 Hz.
Super Low Frequency (SLF) radio signals have Super Long wave (SLW) lengths.
Super Long Wave communications stations and SLF emissions.
The hobby of Super Low Frequency SLF radio DX.
The hobby of Long distance Super Low Frequency SLF radio listening.
The hobby of listening to natural radio emissions on Super Low Frequency SLF.
The hobby of listening to submarine broadcast stations on Super Low Frequency SLF.
The hobby of listening to utility radio stations on Super Low Frequency SLF.
Radio Astronomy on SLF.
SLF DX is long distance Super Low Frequency radio listening.
SLF DX is long distance Super Low Frequency radio hunting.
SLF DXer is a long distance Super Low Frequency radio listener.
SLF DXing is the searching for long distance Super Low Frequency radio signals.
Introduction to SLF radio.
Introduction to Super Low Frequency radio.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_low_frequency
Some SLF emissions from 30 Hz to 300 Hz.
http://www.vlf.it/itulist/itulist.htm
13.1
Experimental Radio.
Super Low Frequency Experimental Radio.
SLF Experimental Radio.
Super (S) Low (low) Frequency (f) Experimental Radio (er).
Slowfer (“S-Low-Fer”).
SLowFER.
See 10.1 (Radio Waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz) and 15.1 (Amateur Radio and Experimental Radio).
13.2
Schumann resonances.
Super Low Frequency Schumann resonances.
SLF Schumann resonances.
The hobby of listening to SLF Schumann resonances.
https://interestingengineering.com/what-is-the-schumann-resonance
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/news/gallery/schumann-resonance.html
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/INTAS-96-1991
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13638-018-1157-7
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
13.3
Submarine radio broadcasts.
Super Low Frequency submarine radio broadcasts.
SLF submarine broadcasts.
SLF submarine communications.
SLF submarine radio broadcasts.
SLF submarine radio communications.
The hobby of listening to submarine SLF radio broadcasts.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
13.4
Power line noise.
Super Low Frequency Power line noise emissions.
SLF Power line noise emissions.
The hobby of listening to Long distance power line radio emissions.
The hobby of listening to radio waves from power lines.
Data base of worldwide electricity frequencies.
SLF worldwide electricity frequency data base.
http://hps.org/hpspublications/articles/elfinfosheet.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_power_systems
14.
ULF Radio Communications and Emissions.
Ultra Low Frequency radio communications stations and emissions.
Ultra Low Frequency communications stations and emissions.
Ultra Low Frequency radio stations and emissions.
ULF 300 Hz – 3 kHz.
ULF 300 Hz – 3000 Hz.
ULF 0.3 – 3 kHz.
ULF 0.3 kHz – 3 kHz.
ULF 0.0003 – 0.003 MHz.
ULF 0.0003 MHz – 0.003 MHz.
Ultra Long Wave communications stations and ULF emissions.
Introduction to Ultra Low Frequency ULF DX, the hobby of listening to distant Ultra Low Frequency ULF radio stations and natural Ultra Long Wave radio emissions between 300 Hz to 3000 Hz (300 Hertz to 3 kHz).
Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) radio signals have Ultra Long wave (ULW) lengths.
ULF DX Long distance Ultra Low Frequency radio listening.
ULF DX Long distance Ultra Low Frequency radio hunting.
ULF DXer Long distance Ultra Low Frequency radio listener.
ULF DXing is the searching for long distance Ultra Low Frequency radio signals.
ULF 300 Hz – 3000 Hz.
The hobby of Ultra Low Frequency ULF radio DX.
The hobby of Long distance Ultra Low Frequency ULF radio listening.
The hobby of listening to natural radio emissions on Ultra Low Frequency ULF.
The hobby of listening to submarine broadcast stations on Ultra Low Frequency ULF.
Radio Astronomy on ULF.
The hobby of listening to utility radio stations on Ultra Low Frequency ULF.
Introduction to ULF radio.
Introduction to Ultra Low Frequency radio.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_low_frequency
Some ULF emissions from 300 Hz to 3000 Hz.
http://www.vlf.it/itulist/itulist.htm
14.1
Amateur Radio.
Ultra Low Frequency Amateur Radio.
ULF Amateur Radio.
Amateur Radio on ULF.
Amateur radio stations are individual citizens in every country of the world who communicate and experiment with radio transmitters and radio receivers.
You can hear some amateur radio operators that have obtained experimental licenses to use Ultra Low Frequencies.
An experimental license is requested when a radio amateur would like to experiment on frequencies where no amateur band currently exists.
Since frequencies below 9 kHz are not internationally or nationally allocated often no license is required to experiment below 9 kHz as long as no interference is caused to radio and TV services.
Ultra Low Frequency Radio listeners can use free to download computer software to receive very low power radio signals over large distances.
500 Hz – 5.000 kHz, 0.5 kHz – 5 kHz KC6QPO in the USA used 100 Watt Electric field to cover 3.3 km.
1.000 kHz, 1 kHz G3XBM in the UK used 4 Watts with ground electrodes (10 m base) to cover 0.3 km.
https://sites.google.com/site/sub9khz/news20
https://sites.google.com/site/sub9khz/
https://sites.google.com/site/g3xbmqrp/Home/earthmode
See 10.1 (Radio Waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz, Experimental Radio below 9 kHz).
14.2
Experimental Radio.
Ultra Low Frequency Experimental Radio.
ULF Experimental Radio.
Ultra (U) Low (low) Frequency (f) Experimental Radio (er).
Ulowfer (“You-Low-Fer”).
ULowFER.
See 10.1 (Radio Waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz) and 15.1 (Amateur Radio and Experimental Radio).
14.3
Nuclear magnetic resonance detection.
Earth's field EFNMR in the Earth's geomagnetic field.
Ultra Low Frequency Nuclear magnetic resonance detection.
ULF Nuclear magnetic resonance detection.
In the Earth’s magnetic field, nuclei (such as certain Hydrogen or Carbon) resonate around 2 kHz. The study of radio waves emitted by interactions with Earth’s magnetic field has led to the use of ultra low frequency radio receivers in unmanned spacecraft to similarly study the magnetic fields surrounding other planets.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_field_NMR
14.4
Submarine radio broadcasts.
Ultra Low Frequency submarine radio broadcasts.
ULF submarine broadcasts.
ULF submarine communications.
ULF submarine radio broadcasts.
ULF submarine radio communications.
The hobby of listening to ULF submarine radio broadcasts.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
15.
VLF Radio Communications and Emissions.
Very Low Frequency radio communications stations and emissions.
Very Low Frequency communications stations and emissions.
Very Low Frequency radio stations and emissions.
VLF 3 – 30 kHz.
VLF 3 kHz – 30 kHz.
VLF 3000 Hz – 30 kHz.
VLF 3000 Hz – 30000 Hz.
VLF 0.003 – 0.03 MHz.
VLF 0.003 MHz – 0.03 MHz.
Introduction to Very Low Frequency VLF DX, the hobby of listening to distant Very Low Frequency VLF radio stations and natural Very Long Wave radio emissions between 3 kHz to 30 kHz.
Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio signals have Very Long wave (VLW) lengths called Myriametric waves (wavelengths from 10 – 100 km).
Very Long Wave communications stations and VLF emissions.
The hobby of Very Low Frequency VLF radio DX.
The hobby of Long distance Very Low Frequency VLF radio listening.
The hobby of listening to natural radio emissions on Very Low frequency VLF.
The hobby of listening to submarine broadcast stations on Very Low frequency VLF.
The hobby of listening to time signal stations on Very Low frequency VLF.
The hobby of listening to utility radio stations on Very Low frequency VLF.
Radio Astronomy on VLF.
VLF DX is long distance Very Low Frequency radio listening.
VLF DX is long distance Very Low Frequency radio hunting.
VLF DXer is a long distance Very Low Frequency radio listener.
VLF DXing is the searching for long distance Very Low Frequency radio signals.
Introduction to VLF radio.
Introduction to Very Low Frequency radio.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLF
Build your own VLF receiver.
http://www.home.pon.net/785/equipment/build_your_own.htm
How to make your computer a VLF receiver.
Free software to make your computer become a VLF radio receiver.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
15.1
Amateur Radio and Experimental Radio.
Very Low Frequency Amateur Radio and Very Low Frequency Experimental Radio.
VLF Amateur Radio and VLF Experimental Radio.
Amateur Radio on VLF and Experimental Radio on VLF.
Amateur radio stations are individual citizens in every country of the world who communicate and experiment with radio transmitters and radio receivers.
In some countries amateur radio operators have obtained experimental licenses to use frequencies that are outside the amateur radio bands.
In other countries no license is needed to use a radio transmitter below 9 kHz. This allows any interested person to explore the fascinating world under 9 kHz.
Very Low Frequency radio listeners can use free to download computer software to see on their computer very low power radio signals over large distances as well as radio signals under the noise.
Here are some of the results of experiments on 0 – 9 kHz (below 9 kHz) by amateur radio operators.
500 Hz – 5.000 kHz, 0.5 kHz – 5 kHz KC6QPO in the USA used 100 Watt Electric field to cover 3.3 km.
1.000 kHz, 1 kHz G3XBM in the UK used 4 Watts with ground electrodes (10 m base) to cover 0.3 km.
6.000 kHz, 6 kHz G0AKN in the UK used 1 kW (1000 Watts) with ground electrodes to cover 10 km.
6.000 kHz, 6 kHz KD4RLD in the USA used 100 watts with ground electrodes and loop to cover 10 km.
7.000 kHz, 7 kHz KD4RLD in the USA used 100 watts with ground electrodes and loop to cover 10 km.
8.800 kHz, 8.8 kHz KD4RLD in the USA used 100 watts with ground electrodes and loop to cover 10 km.
8.900 kHz, 8.9 kHz IW3SGT in Italy used 8 Watts to cover 0.1 km.
8.930 kHz, 8.93 kHz DK8KW in Germany used 10 Watts with Electric field to cover 1 km.
8.950 kHz, 8.95 kHz DJ2LF in Germany used 6 Watts with ground electrodes to cover 1.3 km.
8.950 kHz, 8.95 kHz DJ2LF in Germany used 14 Watts with Electric field to cover 2.5 km.
8.969 kHz, 8.969 kHz DF6NM in Germany used 20 Watts with a kite antenna to cover 4.5 km.
8.975 kHz, 8.975 kHz VK2ZTO in Australia used 380 Watts with ground electrodes to cover 1.6 km.
10.000 kHz, 10 kHz DL5KZ in Germany used 4 Watts from commercial equipment for finding underground cables with ground electrodes to cover 3 km.
In some countries no license is needed to transmit below 9 kHz.
See 10.1 (Radio waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz).
Australia.
Very Low Frequency in Australia.
VLF in Australia.
VLF in Australia.
Very Low Frequency Radio in Australia.
VLF Radio in Australia.
No radio transmitter licence (license) is needed in Australia on the following bands (see conditions below).
0 – 9 kHz and 0 – 70 kHz.
Australia below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Australia below 30 kHz (0.030 MHz, 30000 Hz).
Australia below 70 kHz (0.070 MHz, 70000 Hz).
0 kHz – 14.00 kHz no radio transmitter licence (license) needed in Australia see conditions below.
14 kHz – 19.95 kHz no radio transmitter license (license) needed in Australia see conditions below.
20.05 kHz – 70 kHz no radio transmitter license (license) needed in Australia see conditions below.
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in Australia.
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 30 kHz in Australia.
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 70 kHz in Australia.
Where no transmitter licence (license) is needed the maximum antenna radiated power is shown for each band:
0 kHz – 14.00 kHz no radio transmitter licence (license) required for an antenna radiated power of 0.2 mW e.i.r.p.
14 kHz – 19.95 kHz no radio transmitter licence (license) required for an antenna radiated power of 0.05 mW e.i.r.p.
20.05 kHz – 70 kHz no radio transmitter licence (license) required for an antenna radiated power of 0.0075 mW e.i.r.p.
In Australia no transmitter licence (license) is required to operate a radio transmitter on frequencies below 14 kHz at a power of 0.2 mW equivalent isotropically radiated power (0.2 mW e.i.r.p., 0.2 mW effective isotopic radiated power).
Using a 10 Watt transmitter on 8930 Hz (8.930 kHz near 8.9 kHz) an antenna radiated power was estimated at 1 microwatt effective radiated power (1 µW ERP) which is equivalent to 1.64 µW e.i.r.p. (0.00164 mW) which is well within the maximum limit for transmitting with no license below 14 kHz. A higher power transmitter can be used in Australia and still be within the allowable e.i.r.p. antenna power limit due to the extreme low efficiency of antennas on frequencies below 14 kHz.
A commercial 10 Watt transmitter (RFT 81027) on 1.03 kHz and 10 kHz is at the bottom of the page in the following link and had an estimated antenna radiated power of 1 microwatt ERP (1 microwatt effective radiated power, 1 µW ERP which is 1.64 µW e.i.r.p. or 0.00164 mW e.i.r.p.)
See 10.1 (Radio waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz).
Canada.
Very Low Frequency in Canada.
VLF in Canada.
Very Low Frequency Radio in Canada.
VLF Radio in Canada.
No radio transmitter licence (license) is needed in Canada below 9 kHz.
0 – 9 kHz.
Canada below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in Canada.
In Canada no licence (license) is required to operate radio transmitters on frequencies below 9 kHz at any power level.
No license is required to operate radio transmitters on frequencies below 9 kHz in the Canada at any power level.
See 10.1 (Radio waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz).
Germany.
Very Low Frequency in Germany.
VLF in Germany.
Very Low Frequency Radio in Germany.
VLF Radio in Germany.
0 – 9 kHz.
Germany below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in Germany.
Special license issued to some radio amateurs in Germany to communicate on 8.9 kHz to 9 kHz.
http://db0fhn.efi.fh-nuernberg.de:8080/cmd?cmd=READ+VLF+461
Italy.
Very Low Frequency in Italy.
Very Low Frequency Radio in Italy.
VLF Radio in Italy.
VLF in Italy.
0 – 9 kHz.
Italy below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in Italy.
Italian VLF explorers who also have amateur radio stations have operated below 9 kHz.
New Zealand.
Very Low Frequency in New Zealand.
Very Low Frequency Radio in New Zealand.
VLF Radio in New Zealand.
VLF in New Zealand.
No radio transmitter licence (license) is needed in New Zealand below 3 kHz and 3 kHz – 9 kHz is shown as not allocated.
0 – 9 kHz.
New Zealand below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in New Zealand.
In the 13 June 2008 Ministry of Economic Development (MED), Radio Spectrum Management, New Zealand radio spectrum chart 3 kHz – 9 kHz is shown as not allocated.
New Zealand experimenters can request permission to use this unallocated spectrum.
0 – 3 kHz is not on the New Zealand radio spectrum chart and like the frequencies above 1000 GHz has no restrictions however radio and TV interference must be avoided.
See 10.1 (Radio waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz).
Sweden.
Very Low Frequency in Sweden.
Very Low Frequency Radio in Sweden.
VLF Radio in Sweden.
VLF in Sweden.
0 – 9 kHz.
Sweden below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in Sweden.
Special license issued to some radio amateurs in Sweden to communicate on 7 kHz to 8.5 kHz.
United Kingdom (UK).
Very Low Frequency in the United Kingdom.
VLF in the United Kingdom.
Very Low Frequency Radio in the United Kingdom.
VLF Radio in the United Kingdom.
Very Low Frequency Radio in the UK.
VLF Radio in the UK.
VLF in the UK.
VLF in the United Kingdom.
0 – 9 kHz.
UK below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in the UK.
https://sites.google.com/site/g3xbmqrp3/vlf/8-97khz-earth-mode-transmitter
UK VLF explorers who also have amateur radio stations have operated below 9 kHz.
There is no frequency allocation below 9 kHz in the UK Ofcom spectrum chart in 2009.
There is no frequency allocation below 8.3 kHz in the UK Ofcom spectrum chart in 2017.
https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/103309/uk-fat-2017.pdf
http://www.ofcom.org.uk/radiocomms/isu/ukfat
USA.
Very Low Frequency in the USA.
Very Low Frequency in the US.
Very Low Frequency Radio in the USA.
VLF Radio in the USA.
Very Low Frequency Radio in the US.
VLF Radio in the US.
VLF in the USA.
VLF in the US.
No radio transmitter licence (license) is needed in the USA below 9 kHz.
0 – 9 kHz.
USA below 9 kHz (0.009 MHz, 9000 Hz).
Experimentation by amateur radio operators and the general public below 9 kHz in the USA
In the USA no license (licence) is required to operate radio transmitters on frequencies below 9 kHz at any power level.
No license is required to operate radio transmitters on frequencies below 9 kHz in the USA at any power level.
See more in 10.1 (Radio waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz).
15.2
Earth research.
Very Low Frequency Earth research.
VLF Earth research.
Proposal for a Very Low Frequency radio beacon on the South Pole to show how the properties of the frequencies from 0 to 11 kHz can indicate the condition of our Earth.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/very-low-frequency
Earth's ionosphere reacts to the intense X-ray and ultraviolet radiation released during a solar flare. The ionospheric disturbance enhances VLF radio propagation. By monitoring the signal strength of a distant VLF transmitter, sudden ionospheric disturbances (SIDs) are recorded and indicate a recent solar flare event.
https://www.aavso.org/solar-sids
http://www.projectlab-neustrelitz.de/sofie/eng/sofie.php
https://flamsteed.info/sig/radio-astronomy-group/solar-x-ray-flux-monitor/
http://flamsteed.info/2012/11/radio-astronomy-group-meeting-24-november-2012/
VLF Station List.
https://www.aavso.org/vlf-station-list
15.3
Experimental Radio.
Very Low Frequency Experimental Radio.
VLF Experimental Radio.
Very (V) Low (low) Frequency (f) Experimental Radio (er).
Vlowfer (“Vee-Low-Fer”).
VLowFER.
See 10.1 (Radio Waves 0 kHz – 9 kHz) and 15.1 (Amateur Radio and Experimental Radio).
15.4
Submarine naval broadcasts.
Very Low Frequency submarine radio broadcasts.
VLF submarine broadcasts.
VLF submarine communications.
VLF submarine radio broadcasts.
VLF submarine radio communications.
The hobby of listening to VLF submarine radio broadcasts.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
Amateur radio underwater experiments.
Under water communications.
Under water radio communications.
Radio wave transmission underwater using frequencies from 10 kHz to 2000 kHz (10 kHz to 2 MHz).
Water CONDUCTIVITY.
Attenuation of radio waves in water.
Underwater attenuation of radio waves across different frequencies.
Underwater attenuation of radio waves from 10 kHz to 2 MHz.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_with_submarines
http://www.rexresearch.com/rogers/1rogers.htm#wx319
15.5
Machine Transmitter.
Machine Radio Transmitter.
Very Low Frequency Machine Transmitter.
VLF Machine Transmitter.
Machine Transmitter call sign SAQ in Sweden.
A powerful radio transmitter with no transistors.
A powerful radio transmitter with no valves.
VLF World heritage radio station.
The hobby of listening to the rare Morse code test broadcasts from Radio station SAQ in Sweden.
This transmitter does not use valves or transistors. It is the last working machine transmitter.
Radio SAQ is a machine that generates radio waves on the very low frequency of 17.6 kHz.
This machine is an alternator like a generator; it generates radio waves and used Morse code to send messages between Sweden and the USA from 1924 when it was built.
Radio SAQ was part of a worldwide communications network made up of 18 similar machine alternator radio wave transmitters.
SAQ sent messages to submarines in the 1950’s until decommissioned in 1996.
In July 2004 station SAQ was declared a World Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO because it is the last working radio transmitter of its kind in the world.
Mechanical Radio station SAQ operates only a few times each year and attracts radio listeners around the world who want to test their VLF antennas, VLF receivers and to enjoy the experience of hearing the rare Morse code radio signals from Sweden.
Free software can be downloaded to make a computer into a VLF receiver that can hear these broadcasts as well as receiving the modern VLF submarine broadcast transmitters that operate on VLF in 2009.
More about the free download of the VLF receiver software is here.
http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/free-vlf-radio-receiver
SAQ in Sweden gave broadcasting times telling listeners when SAQ will be on the air using Morse code on 17.5 kHz in 2009.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimeton_VLF_transmitter
A VLF converter that converts VLF frequencies so they can be heard on a short wave radio receiver.
Radio transmitters before the days of valves and transistors (Wireless transmitters before the days of valves and transistors).
Early Morse code radio transmitters (Early telegraphy wireless transmitters, Early Morse code wireless transmitters).
Early Morse code radio receivers (Early telegraphy wireless receivers, Early Morse code wireless receiver).
Radio transmitters without valves and transistors (Wireless transmitters without valves and transistors).
Damped wave train radio transmission (Damped wave train wireless transmission).
Quench spark radio transmission (Quench spark wireless transmission).
High power Spark radio transmitter (High power Spark wireless transmitter).
Low power Spark radio transmitter with induction coil (Low power Spark wireless transmitter with induction coil).
High power alternator-transformer radio transmitter (High power alternator-transformer wireless transmitter).
Filing coherer radio receiver (Filing coherer wireless receiver).
Magnetic detector radio receiver (Magnetic detector wireless receiver).
Crystal detector radio receiver (crystal set radio receiver, crystal set wireless receiver).
Early ship transmitters (ship wireless transmitter).
Early coastal radio transmitters (coastal wireless transmitters).
Early cavalry portable radio transmitters (portable wireless transmitter).
Early submarine aerial system.
Early voice radio transmitters (wireless telephony transmitter).
Early voice radio receivers (wireless telephony receiver).
http://www.qsl.net/vk5br/Before_Valve_Amp.pdf
Machine receiver.
Machine radio receiver.
VLF radio receiver with no transistor and no valve.
Build a Machine radio receiver.
Build a VLF receiver with no transistors and no valves.
Electro Mechanical VLF radio receiver.
http://www.wireless.org.uk/mechrx.htm
Connect an audio frequency generator to coils, a capacitor and headphones to make a VLF receiver.
Build a VLF receiver using an audio frequency generator, coils, a capacitor and headphones.
Video: VLF Transmitter which is a 5 watt audio amplifier on 17.650 Khz connected to a delta loop antenna - VLF Receiver is the SAQ software VLF receiver using a Ferrite Core Bipolar Tesla Coil as the receiving antenna - QRQ CW demo.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVZREPWDw5E
15.6
Military radio.
Very Low Frequency military radio stations.
VLF military radio stations.
Military radio on VLF.
The hobby of listening to military radio stations on VLF radio.
Australian VLF military radio frequencies between 3 kHz to 30 kHz are listed here.
Australian Communications and Media Authority ACMA radio frequency data base.
http://web.acma.gov.au/pls/radcom/assignment_range.range_lookup
15.7
Natural radio wave emissions.
Very Low Frequency natural radio wave emissions.
VLF natural radio wave emissions.
The hobby of listening to VLF natural radio wave emissions.
Listen to Sferics (atmospherics).
Listen to Tweeks from thousands of kilometers away.
Listen to Whistlers, the radio waves travelling along the Earth’s magnetic field.
Listen to the dawn Chorus, sounds like many birds.
https://vlf.stanford.edu/research/introduction-vlf
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/63D/jresv63Dn1p21_A1b.pdf
https://theinspireproject.org/default.asp?contentID=4
https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:49068335
15.8
Radar.
Very Low Frequency ground penetrating radar.
VLF ground penetrating radar.
VLF radar.
The hobby of listening to VLF ground penetrating radar.
Ground Penetrating Radar GPR is Ground Penetrating Radio waves. The difficulty of radio to penetrate Sea water compared to ice, air, concrete, asphalt, clay, wood, mudstone, fresh water, sand, gravel, limestone, dry salt and granite is showed on the blue yellow bar graph.
https://vlf.stanford.edu/research/subsurface-detection
15.9
Radio navigation.
Very Low Frequency Radio navigation.
VLF Radio navigation.
The hobby of listening to VLF Russian Long range Navigation Signals known as Alfa or RSDN 20 on 11.905 kHz, 12.649 kHz and 14.881 kHz.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_(radio_navigation)
15.10
Time Signal stations.
Very Low Frequency Time Signal radio stations.
Very Low Frequency Time Signal stations.
VLF Time Signal radio stations.
VLF Time Signal stations.
List of time signal radio stations between 25 kHz and 162 kHz.
Presentation of Somalia Amateur Radio licenses to the successful students.
The graduates of the first Amateur Radio training class in Galkayo, North East Somalia.
In August 1993 the first volunteer staff of graduating radio students of Radio Free Somalia (“Free for all to use”, Radio Galkayo) lined up to receive their Somalia Amateur Radio licenses with HAM (Helping All Mankind and woMankind) radio callsigns from the leaders of South Galkayo (sitting with elders stick on the right side, name ?) and North Galkayo (sitting with elders stick on the left side, Col. Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, Somali Salvation Democratic Front SSDF Emergency committee chairman and later he was the President of Somalia from 10 October 2004 till 29 December 2009).
Sitting in front of the standing students is Sam Voron VK2BVS, 6O0A the Somalia amateur radio training course instructor from Sydney, Australia.
Radio Free Somalia (“Free for all to use”, Radio Galkayo) helped to unite the two former warring tribes by including both in all its radios activities and ceremonies.
(Photo Sam Voron 6O0A, VK2BVS).
See the next page for a close up of the people in this photo.
Index https://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/index1
Contact: Sam Voron VK2BVS, 6O0A.
Email somaliahamradio@yahoo.com
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