Embedded Files
7 February 2021.
VHF Hobby FM broadcast stations.
BROADCASTING - Hobby FM radio stations on VHF.
The All Frequency Database Index is here: http://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/somaliaphotos10
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4.5 VHF Legal unlicensed FM radio stations, VHF legal unlicenced FM radio stations.
4.5
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations.
Legal unlicenced FM radio stations.
Legal unlicensed FM radio.
Legal unlicenced FM radio.
VHF FM legal unlicensed radio stations.
VHF FM legal unlicenced radio stations.
VHF FM legal unlicensed radio station.
VHF FM legal unlicenced radio station.
Legal no license FM radio broadcasts.
Legal no licence FM radio broadcasts.
Legal no license FM radio stations.
Legal no licence FM radio stations.
Legal no license FM radio station.
Legal no licence FM radio station.
legal unlicensed FM radio broadcast stations.
legal unlicenced FM radio broadcast stations.
legal unlicensed FM radio station.
legal unlicenced FM radio station.
legal unlicensed FM radio broadcast station.
legal unlicenced FM radio broadcast station.
LUFMR (Legal unlicensed FM radio station).
LUB (Legal Unlicensed Broadcasting).
LUBO (Legal Unlicensed Broadcast Operation).
LUBs (Legal Unlicensed Broadcast Operations).
LUFMR (Legal unlicenced FM radio station).
LUB (Legal Unlicenced Broadcasting).
LUBO (Legal Unlicenced Broadcast Operation).
LUBs (Legal Unlicenced Broadcast Operations).
FM radio mico-broadcasting.
FM mico-radio broadcasting.
FM radio mico-broadcasts.
FM radio mico-stations.
FM mico-radio stations.
FM radio mico-station.
FM mico-radio station.
Part 15 radio broadcasting.
Part 15 FM radio broadcasting.
Part 15 radio stations.
Part 15 radio station.
Part 15 no-license radio stations.
Part 15 no-licence radio stations.
Part 15 no-license radio station.
Part 15 no-licence radio station.
FM legal unlicensed radio stations, (mono FM and stereo FM, Hobby FM radio stations).
FM legal unlicenced radio stations, (mono FM and stereo FM, Hobby FM radio stations).
FM legal unlicensed radio station, (mono FM and stereo FM, Hobby FM radio stations).
FM legal unlicenced radio station, (mono FM and stereo FM, Hobby FM radio stations).
FM legal no-license radios.
FM legal no-license radio.
FM Legal license-free low-power radio broadcasting stations.
FM Legal license-free low power FM radio broadcasting.
FM legal free-license radio station, mono and stereo.
FM legal license-free radio station, mono and stereo.
FM Legal license free low power radio stations.
FM Legal license free low power radio station.
FM very low power radio stations, no license needed.
FM hobby radio stations, no license needed.
FM hobby radio, no license needed.
FM legal no-licence radio.
FM Legal licence-free low-power radio broadcasting stations.
FM Legal licence-free low power FM radio broadcasting.
FM legal free-licence radio station, mono and stereo.
FM legal licence-free radio station, mono and stereo.
FM Legal licence free low power radio stations.
FM Legal licence free low power radio station.
FM very low power radio stations, no licence needed.
FM hobby radio stations, no licence needed.
FM hobby radio, no licence needed.
The hobby of listening to legal unlicensed FM radio broadcasting.
The hobby of listening to legal unlicensed hobby FM radio stations.
The hobby of listening to legal unlicenced FM radio broadcasting.
The hobby of listening to legal unlicenced hobby FM radio stations.
The hobby of listening to no license required FM radio broadcasting.
The hobby of listening to no license required hobby FM radio stations.
The hobby of listening to no license required radio stations.
The hobby of listening to free-license FM radio stations.
The hobby of listening to no license radio stations.
The hobby of listening to low power radio signals.
The hobby of listening to FM mico-radio stations.
Free software can be downloaded from the Internet to listen for low power radio signals under the noise.
Very low power no license needed legal FM broadcast stations.
Very low power hobby FM broadcast stations.
Very low power FM broadcast stations.
Very low power no license needed legal FM radio station.
Very low power no licence needed legal FM radio station.
Very low power FM radio stations.
Very low power hobby FM radio stations.
Very low power FM Radio.
Very low power FM mico-radio stations.
Legal no license FM radio broadcasting.
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations.
Legal unlicensed Very low power FM mico-radio stations.
Very low power FM radio transmissions.
Very low power radio transmissions.
Australia.
Hobby FM radio stations in Australia.
Australian hobby FM radio stations.
Australia hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in Australia.
No license legal radio broadcasting in Australia.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in Australia.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in Australia.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in Australia.
Very low power FM radio broadcasting in Europe.
88 MHz – 108 MHz legal unlicensed FM radio in Australia.
174 MHz – 230 MHz legal unlicensed FM radio in Australia.
The hobby of listening to low power FM radio signals in Australia.
Free software can be downloaded from the Internet to listen for low power radio signals under the noise.
Australian very low power FM radio stations.
Very low power hobby FM radio stations in Australia
Australian very low power FM Radio.
Listening to no license required FM radio stations in Australia
Legal No license required FM radio broadcasting in Australia
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations in Australia.
Very low power no license needed legal FM radio station in Australia.
Australian FM hobby radio station and Australian hobby stereo FM radio station.
Australia FM hobby radio stations and Australia hobby stereo FM radio stations.
Low-Power FM License-Free Radio Broadcasting stations in the 88 MHz to 108 MHz band.
FM radio mico-broadcasting in Australia.
Australian Hobby FM radio stations.
Australian Hobby FM radio stations on VHF.
The Australian Communications and Media Authority (Low Interference Potential Devices LIPD class license 2000) with all amendments came into effect on 1 July 2009.
LIPD allow transmitters that meet certain power levels on certain frequencies to be used without the need to apply for a license.
LIPD, (section 3, Note) states that LIPD devises must not cause radio frequency interference to other Radio communication devises.
The responsibility is on LIPD owners to resolve interference for example by retuning or stopping their operation.
LIPD devices must not cause interference to radio communications services or radio and TV broadcasts.
1. Unlicensed legal FM radio stations in Australia 88 MHz – 108 MHz.
LIPD (no-license required devices) page 8 states that Wireless audio transmitters (and auditory assistance transmitters) in the 88 MHz to 108 MHz FM broadcast band is allowed a maximum power of 10 microwatts isotropically radiated power (10 microwatts isotropic radiated power, 10 µW e.i.r.p., 0.01 mW e.i.r.p), have a maximum bandwidth of 180 kHz and not use the frequency of a licensed broadcaster in its broadcast service area.
2. Unlicensed legal FM radio stations in Australia 174 MHz – 230 MHz.
LIPD (no-license required devices) page 8 states that Wireless audio transmitters must use FM with a maximum bandwidth of 330 kHz between 174 MHz – 230 MHz and not use the frequency of a TV station in its licensed broadcast service area. When transmitting in an unused TV channel, and in the coverage area of a TV broadcasting station (including a repeater or translator station) operating in an adjacent TV channel, the channel centre frequency of the wireless audio transmitter must be at least 200 kHz above the upper edge of the adjacent TV channel, or 400 kHz below the lower edge of the adjacent TV channel.
Australian Communications and Media Authority ACMA Regulations for Low Interference Potential Devices LIPD in 2009.
Home built hobby FM radio stations in Australia.
Home made hobby FM radio stations in Australia.
Australian FM radio transmitter kits.
FM RADIO TRANSMITTER KITS IN AUSTRALIA.
BUILD A STEREO FM TRANSMITTER Kit K0948 is $23.
http://oatleyelectronics.com//index.php?cPath=81
http://secure.oatleyelectronics.com//product_info.php?cPath=81&products_id=179
BUILD AN FM Transmitter from a kit. Kit KJ8114 is $35. Instructions KJ8115 is $3.
https://www.jaycar.com.au/instructions-for-mini-mitter-fm-transmitter-kit-kj8114/p/KJ8115
https://www.jaycar.com.au/short-circuits-three-project-minimitter-fm-transmitter/p/KJ8114
BUILD A THREE STAGE RADIO TRANSMITTER. KIT KJ8750 $20.
https://www.jaycar.com.au/short-circuits-two-project-three-stage-fm-radio-transmitter/p/KJ8750
See Australia in 2.6 (MW legal unlicensed AM radio stations, MW legal unlicenced AM radio stations).
See Australia in 5.1 (UHF legal unlicensed FM radio stations, UHF legal unlicenced FM radio stations).
Canada.
Hobby FM radio stations in Canada.
Canadian hobby FM radio stations.
Canada hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in Canada.
No license legal radio broadcasting in Canada.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in Canada.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in Canada.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in Canada.
Low-Power FM License-Free Radio Broadcasting stations in the 88 MHz – 108 MHz band.
The hobby of listening to low power FM radio signals in Canada.
Free software can be downloaded from the Internet to listen for low power radio signals under the noise.
Canadian FM hobby radio stations.
FM radio mico-broadcasting in Canada.
Industry Canada Part 15 IC RSS-210 (license- exempt broadcast operation) radio station.
Industry Canada Part 15 IC RSS-210 (license- exempt broadcast operation) radio stations.
Industry Canada Part 15 IC RSS-210 (legal unlicensed broadcast operation) radio station.
Industry Canada Part 15 IC RSS-210 (legal unlicensed broadcast operation) radio stations.
The hobby of listening to no license required hobby FM radio stations in the Canada.
The hobby of listening to no license required radio stations in the Canada.
Canadian very low power FM radio stations.
Very low power hobby FM radio stations in Canada.
Canadian very low power FM Radio.
Listening to no license required FM radio stations in the Canada.
Legal No license required FM radio broadcasting in Canada.
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations in Canada.
Very low power no license needed legal FM radio station in Canada.
No license required FM radio station that you can build from a kit in Canada.
Canadian Hobby FM radio stations.
Industry Canada, Spectrum Management and Telecommunications radio regulations dated 30 July 2009 “RSS-210 low power licence – exempt radio communication devises”, Annex 2, section A2.8 says that unlicensed transmissions using any modulation is permitted from 88 MHz to 108 MHz if the radio wave field strength is not more than 250 microvolts/m when measured 3 metres from the antenna (equivalent to 19 nW EIRP).
More power is allowed to unlicensed radio stations (unlicensed radio communication devices) if they are using FM with a bandwidth not more than 200 kHz and if they operate between 88.1 MHz – 107.7 MHz in 200 kHz spacing. Example on 88.1 MHz or 88.3 MHz or 88.5 MHz, or 88.7 MHz or 88.9 MHz…(etc, etc, etc)… 107.5 MHz, 107.7 MHz, 107.9 MHz and if the radio wave field strength is not more than 100 microvolts/m when measured 30 metres from the antenna (this is equivalent to 1000 microvolts/m when measured 3 metres from the antenna or 300 nW EIRP).
Spectrum Management and Telecommunications, Industry Canada regulations dated 30 July 2009.
Industry Canada, 1 March 2000 Frequently asked questions on low power FM broadcasting in Canada dated 1 March 2000 outlines how two bodies control access to broadcasting in Canada, the Canadian Radio Television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) and Industry Canada.
In Canada FM power is measured by the field strength of radio waves from the transmitter.
The longer the coaxial cable connecting the transmitter to the antenna, the more power is lost in the form of heat.
More power is therefore needed from the transmitter to reach the maximum allowed radio wave field strength at the antenna.
In Canada micro-broadcasting a 250 milli-watt transmitter, hooked up to 50 feet of coax (coaxial cable) and a half-wave dipole antenna will create a signal close to the maximum allowed field strength. This is because most power is lost in the coaxial cable and little remains by the time that power has reached the antenna.
Is radio broadcasting on AM or FM legal without a license in Canada?
What do FM and AM mean?
How high should a micro transmitter's radio antenna be?
(Note one update to the link below. There is no restriction to just 5 frequencies. The 30 July 2009 regulations allow use of all frequencies in 200 kHz steps starting with 88.1 MHz and ending with 107.9 MHz)
Canadian FM radio station transmitter experimenters that might be searching for equipment that has been approved and has a power level that is documented can search the Industry Canada data base of transmitters they have tested, approved and see the power out put or field strength they recorded online.
Enter Radio Specification (for no license required) RSS210
Enter lower frequency (in MHz) 88.1
Enter upper frequency (in MHz) 107.7
Press search.
If you see a device you like then put the manufactures name and equipment model number in Google to find more information.
http://www.ic.gc.ca/app/sitt/reltel/srch/nwRdSrch.do?lang=eng
Home built hobby FM radio stations in Canada.
Home made hobby FM radio stations in Canada.
Build your own hobby radio station.
FM Transmitter from 88 MHz - 108 MHz K7 Kit 7, K18 Kit 18 and K32 Kit 32 $14
http://www.a1parts.ca/newkits/index2.htm#ELECTRONIC%20LAB%20KITS
Build your own hobby radio station from a kit.
Mini Wireless FM Transmitter $15
Telephone FM Transmitter $15
FM Transmitter for Beginners $16
Wireless FM Transmitter $16
Universal FM Transmitter with Mic and Line Inputs $17
Walkman FM Transmitter $19
MP3 / Walkman FM Mono Transmitter with Power Supply $30
Hi-Fi Stereo FM Transmitter $40
IPod / Walkman / MP3 Stereo FM Transmitter with Power Supply $50
Hi-Fi iPod FM Transmitter (PLL Synthesized) $60
IPod FM Transmitter (PLL Synthesized) $80
http://www.canakit.com/fm-transmitters
Also see Canada in 2.6 (MW legal unlicensed AM radio stations, MW legal unlicenced AM radio stations).
Europe.
Hobby FM radio stations in Europe.
European hobby FM radio stations.
Europe hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in Europe.
No license legal radio broadcasting in Europe.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in Europe.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in Europe.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in Europe.
Very low power FM radio broadcasting in Europe.
Low power FM radio transmitters in Europe.
Low power FM radio stations in Europe.
The hobby of listening to low power FM radio signals in Europe.
Free software can be downloaded from the Internet to listen for low power radio signals under the noise.
European supplier of low power FM radio transmitters.
Slovenia.
http://www.pcs-electronics.com
New Zealand.
Hobby FM radio stations in New Zealand.
New Zealand hobby FM radio stations.
New Zealand hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in New Zealand.
No license legal radio broadcasting in New Zealand.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in New Zealand.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in New Zealand.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in New Zealand.
The hobby of listening to low power FM radio signals in New Zealand.
Free software can be downloaded from the Internet to listen for low power radio signals under the noise.
New Zealand LPFM Legal unlicensed low power FM radio station.
New Zealand FM low power unlicensed hobby radio stations.
New Zealand FM low power unlicensed community radio stations.
New Zealand FM low power unlicensed primary school radio stations.
New Zealand FM low power unlicensed high school radio stations.
New Zealand FM low power unlicensed University student radio stations.
New Zealand FM low power unlicensed commercial radio stations.
Low power hobby radio stations in New Zealand.
Low power community radio stations in New Zealand.
Low power primary school radio stations in New Zealand.
Low power high school radio stations in New Zealand.
Low power University student radio stations in New Zealand.
Low power commercial radio stations in New Zealand.
The hobby of listening to no license required hobby FM radio stations in New Zealand.
The hobby of listening to no license required radio stations in New Zealand.
New Zealand low power FM radio stations.
Low power hobby FM radio stations.
New Zealand low power FM Radio.
Listening to no license required FM radio stations in New Zealand.
Legal No license required FM radio broadcasting.
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations.
Low power no license needed legal FM radio station.
New Zealand Hobby FM radio stations.
1. Unlicensed legal radio stations on 18 frequencies from 88 MHz – 108 MHz see conditions.
2. Unlicensed legal 88 MHz – 108 MHz audio senders (transmitters) see conditions.
3. Unlicensed legal 107 MHz – 108 unrestricted operation see conditions.
NZFM-1. New Zealand allows unlicenced (unlicensed) operation of Low Power FM (LPFM) radio stations on 18 frequencies between 88 MHz – 108 MHz with an antenna radiated power of 500 mW e.i.r.p.
NZFM-2. New Zealand allows unrestricted unlicenced (unlicensed) operation from 107 MHz – 108 MHz with an antenna radiated power of 25 mW e.i.r.p. unrestricted designated use.
NZFM-3. New Zealand allows unlicenced (unlicensed) operation of audio senders from 88 MHz – 108 MHZ with an antenna radiated power of 0.00002 mW e.i.r.p. (0.02 µW) for audio senders.
FOR NZFM-2 AND NZFM-3 the Ministry of Economic Development MED, New Zealand document Radio communications Regulations (General User Radio Licence for Short Range Devices, Notice 2007 (last updated 18 March 2008) states that a general user radio licence is granted for the transmission of radio waves for the purpose of Short Range Devices (SRD), also known as Restricted Radiation Devices (RRD), Low Interference Potential Devices (LIPD), or Spread Spectrum Devices (SSD).
If interference results a user must change frequency reduce power, or cease operation.
NZFM-1 New Zealand legal unlicenced (unlicensed) Low Power FM (LPFM) radio stations.
For NZFM-1 above New Zealand unlicensed Low Power FM LPFM radio stations are allowed a power of 500 mW eirp (500 milliwatts rirp, 0.5 Watts effective isotopic radiated power from the antenna) and usually cover 5 km to 10 km over flat ground.
New Zealand LPFM is not the same as USA LPFM.
USA LPFM is a low power 100 Watt FM radio station that requires an individual to apply for a license.
New Zealand LPFM is a much lower power 0.5 Watt FM radio station that does not need an individual to apply for any license.
From 1 October 2003 every person in New Zealand was given the authority to setup and operate a low power FM broadcast station without the need to apply for an individual license.
New Zealand declared a “class license” that allows anyone to broadcast on FM radio without applying for a license.
Low Power FM transmitter operators must broadcast the contact details of the person responsible for the transmissions at least once every three hours.
If the station name or owners name is not listed in the telephone book then the identification should include a business telephone number or a business address or a home phone number or a home address or a valid e-mail address or a postal address.
External controls for the adjustment of the transmitter power are not permitted.
This restriction covers any component intended for adjustment of the transmitter power which can be accessed from outside the case, whether manually or by application of a tool such as a screwdriver. It is required that removal of the case or protective cover of the transmitter is necessary to enable power adjustment.
Radio regulations refer to Eirp which is the effective isotopic radiated power from the antenna.
The actual transmitter output power needed to achieve 500 mW eirp will be determined by the transmitter power loss in the coaxial cable length (between the transmitter and the antenna) and the gain in the antenna. For example a dipole antenna has a gain of 2.15 dBi compared to an isotopic antenna.
The radio wave field strength must not exceed 112 dBµV/m based on a measurement bandwidth of 100 kHz when measured 10 metres away from the antenna.
If interference occurs to licensed stations including wireless public address systems then the Low Power FM radio station owner might be directed by a Radio Spectrum Management official to change frequency, reduce power or cease operation.
New Zealand low power broadcasting radio stations can use the FM low band frequencies 88.1 MHz, 88.2 MHz, 88.3 MHz, 88.4 MHz, 88.5 MHz, 88.6 MHz and 88.7MHz or the FM high band frequencies 106.7 MHz, 106.8 MHz, 106.9 MHz, 107.0 MHz, 107.1 MHz, 107.2 MHz, 107.3 MHz, 107.4 MHz, 107.5 MHz, 107.6 MHz and 107.7 MHz.
Transmissions on the frequencies 88.5 MHz, 88.6 MHz and 88.7 MHz are not permitted within 120 km of Auckland Skytower.
New Zealand LPFM stations can broadcast FM mono using emission mode 180kF3E or FM stereo using emission mode 256kF3E. The Audio level to the transmitter will affect effect the correct characteristics of these emissions.
The transmitter carrier stability (frequency tolerance) must be maintained within plus or minus 5 kHz.
Substantial deviation from these rules is likely to attract an infringement notice and associated instant fine from Radio Spectrum Management officials of the Ministry of Economic Development MED New Zealand.
Ministry of Economic Development (MED), New Zealand.
No individual FM broadcast license needed in New Zealand for Low Power FM Radio broadcasting.
Ministry of Economic Development MED, New Zealand.
Low Power FM Radio broadcasting updates in New Zealand March 2008.
Unwanted emissions limit for LPFM transmitters in New Zealand (2007).
New Zealand also allows any person to use an audio sender between 88 MHz – 108 MHz with a maximum power of 0.00002 mW e.i.r.p.
Setting up a local FM radio station in New Zealand.
Radio broadcasting music and talk in New Zealand.
Make your own radio programs in New Zealand.
Getting on the air in New Zealand.
Sources for programmes (programs) in New Zealand.
Low power FM frequencies in New Zealand.
FM Transmitters and FM antennas in New Zealand.
The cost to make an FM radio station in New Zealand is $700.
Access radio network in New Zealand is a not-for-profit trust that gives you the opportunity to host your own radio show. 106.7 MHz FM Community Radio Hamilton offers new broadcasters free training and support to get their shows started.
http://www.communityradio.co.nz/index.asp?pageID=2145825358
New Zealand LPFM radio station forum.
General LPFM radio discussion.
LPFM radio broadcast laws in New Zealand.
Auckland Low Power FM Operators Group
The Christchurch LPFM Group
FM radio station hardware.
FM radio station software.
Legal Music acquisition, airplay content, legal music download sites for low power radio station broadcasters.
Operating under New Zealand regulations RFS29 for unlicensed radio stations.
88.7 MHz and 107.30 MHz 2HBS using 500 mW eirp antenna radiated power output from Napier New Zealand.
http://www.radioheritage.net/NZLPFM_Search.asp
Low power New Zealand FM transmitter MR400 FM made in New Zealand. http://www.radioinfo.co.nz/mr400int.htm
500mW FM Stereo Transmitter made in the UK for New Zealand FM broadcasting.
New Zealand blog about LPFM radio stations in 2009.
New Zealand no licence fee Low Power FM broadcasting update in 2021. Low Power has increased from 0.5 Watts to 1 Watt no licence fee Low Power FM broadcasting in New Zealand.
https://www.rsm.govt.nz/licensing/frequencies-for-anyone
1 Watt Low power FM broadcasting in New Zealand.
$0 licence fee. No special licence needed.
With this $0 licence (no special licence needed) you can operate a 1 Watt Low Power FM radio station and broadcast to an audience over a small area in your local community, student campus, or at a public event.
https://www.rsm.govt.nz/licensing/frequencies-for-anyone/low-power-fm-broadcasting/
New Zealand Radiocommunications Regulations (General User Licence for Low Power FM Broadcasting) Notice 2010.
https://gazette.govt.nz/notice/id/2010-go4604?year=2010¬iceNumber=4604
Radiocommunications Regulations 2001.
Radiocommunications Regulations (General User Licence for Low Power FM Broadcasting) Notice 2010.
See Page 1962.
https://www.dia.govt.nz//pubforms.nsf/NZGZT/NZGazette66Jun10.pdf/$file/NZGazette66Jun10.pdf
http://www.radiosurvivor.com/2017/01/03/new-zealand-legal-unlicensed-low-power-fm
List of low-power FM broadcasters in New Zealand.
https://newzealand.fandom.com/wiki/List_of_low-power_broadcasters_in_New_Zealand
THE SOCIETY OF LOW POWER FM BROADCASTERS INCORPORATED. LPFM Society of New Zealand.
Broadcasters who want to transmit copyright music need to get permission from the Australasian Performing Right Association APRA on http://www.apra.co.nz
List of LPFM radio stations in New Zealand.
To see "Low power stations" click on "List of radio stations in ..."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_New_Zealand
http://www.communityradio.co.nz/About/Low-Power-FM.aspx
http://www.communityradio.co.nz/About/Access-Radio.aspx
Listen online to Free FM 89.0 MHz in Hamilton New Zealand.
https://tunein.com/radio/Free-FM-890-Independent-Community-Media-s176514/
Self policing the FM air waves by Low Power FM broadcasters in New Zealand.
How Low Power FM broadcasters in New Zealand find broadcasters who are operating on the wrong frequency and educate them to follow the regulations.
Members of the Low Power FM Society of New Zealand located and educated an illegal station in West Auckland. A frequency change and power adjustment now has them broadcating within the no licence needed Low Power FM broadcasting regulations.
https://lpfm.org.nz/2011/illegal-west-auckland-station-located/
There have been reports of a rogue LPFM station broadcasting on 106.5 MHz in Mangere Central. The station is identifying itself as 106.5 FM so it is not accidental. If anyone knows who is responsible for this station please contact the Low Power FM Society of New Zealand.
https://lpfm.org.nz/2011/rogue-out-of-band-urban-station-in-mangere/
See New Zealand in 2.6 (MW legal unlicensed AM radio stations, MW legal unlicenced AM radio stations).
See New Zealand in 5.1 (UHF legal unlicensed FM radio stations, UHF legal unlicenced FM radio stations).
See more about New Zealand on 88 – 108 MHz in 19.3 (VHF Experimental Radio).
United Kingdom (UK).
Hobby FM radio stations in the UK.
UK hobby FM radio stations.
UK hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in the UK.
No license legal radio broadcasting in the UK.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in the UK.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in the UK.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in the UK.
The hobby of listening to very low power FM radio stations in the UK.
Hobby FM radio stations in the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom hobby FM radio stations.
United Kingdom hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
No license legal radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
The hobby of listening to very low power FM radio stations in the United Kingdom
Free software can be downloaded from the Internet to listen for low power radio signals under the noise.
Very low power 88 MHz – 108 MHz no license needed very low power transmitters.
The range of such FM iPod transmitters is within a private home residence.
In the UK even if you and your family are the only ones that can hear “the broadcast” people described it as one of the following.
UK very low power FM mini radio station.
Very low power hobby FM radio stations in the UK.
UK very low power FM Radio.
Listening to no license required FM radio stations in the UK.
Legal No license required FM radio broadcasting in the UK.
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations in the UK.
Very low power no license needed legal FM radio station in the UK.
UK FM hobby radio stations.
UK FM hobby radio station.
Very low-Power FM License-Free Radio Broadcasting stations in the 88 MHz – 108 MHz band.
FM radio mico-broadcasting in the UK.
United Kingdom very low power FM mini radio station.
Very low power hobby FM radio stations in the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom very low power FM Radio.
Listening to no license required FM radio stations in the United Kingdom.
Legal No license required FM radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations in the United Kingdom.
Very low power no license needed legal FM radio station in the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom FM hobby radio stations.
United Kingdom FM hobby radio station.
FM radio mico-broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom UK Hobby FM radio stations.
1 August, 2003 UK bans iPod FM transmitter.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3115345.stm
14 July 2006 MP3 FM transmitter set for legalization (legalization).
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/5180958.stm
FM transmitters will be legal in the UK 2006.
http://www.pcmag.co.uk/computeractive/news/2169439/fm-transmitters-legal-uk
Ofcom UK announce change to the law to allow the use of low power FM transmitters for MP3 players.
Ofcom today announced that "micro power" FM transmitters such as the Griffin Technologies iTrip or Belkin TuneCast can legally be used from 8 December 2006.
http://www.out-law.com/page-7515
FM transmitters unbanned in the UK in 2006.
Mini FM Transmitter legal for use in the house and in the car in 2009.
Griffin iTrip Nano iPod FM Transmitter - £12.50 xvat.
Belkin TuneCast 2 Mobile FM Transmitter for iPod & MP3 - £19.95 ex vat.
Griffin PSP iTrip FM Transmitter for Play Station Portable - £22.00 ex vat.
Kensington Pico iPod FM Transmitter - £23.00 ex vat.
Griffin iTrip SE-Direct Attach iPod FM Transmitter - £23.95 ex vat.
Griffin iTrip Auto FM Transmitter and iPod Car Charger £27.00 xvat.
Griffin RoadTrip FM Transmitter, Charger, SmartScan- £38.19 xvat.
Monster iCarPlay Wireless Plus FM Transmitter for iPod - £48.00 ex vat.
http://www.shop21.uk.com/en-gb/dept_90.html
Griffin RoadTrip - FM transmitter & Charger for iPods.
“The RoadTrip is a great FM transmitter and car charger for the iPod in the car, but what makes RoadTrip truly unique is its removable transmitter module that can also broadcast music from a Mac or PC. The package includes a combination USB power and audio connector cable that attaches any USB equipped computer to the module. Users can then play their iTunes music, movie audio or presentation sound to any FM stereo close by £29”
iPod FM Transmitters
“FM transmitters allow you to broadcast the music stored on your iPod to any FM radio - completely wirelessly. They are some of the most popular iPod accessories available, giving people the freedom to listen and share their music in the car, in the office or in the home. Check out iWorld's guide to the best FM transmitters on the Web so you can get the right FM transmitter for you! from £12”
Legal 200 channel FM radio transmitters.
Legal 200 channel FM radio transmitter.
200 channel stereo FM transmitter for £8.31
“Premium LCD Backlit 200 Channel digital transmitter which allows you to play all your favourite music on your Ipod / MP3 player Mini Disk etc on any FM Stereo whether it is in the car or at home! Simply plug it into the headphone socket, or plug the device directly into the USB port, choose the frequency, set your FM radio to the same frequency and then enjoy.
What's more it has 200 SELECTABLE FREQUENCIES TO CHOOSE FROM 88.0-108.0 MHz.
Features include LCD DISPLAY WITH BACK LIGHTING, USB Port, 9 memory pre-set channels etc. It can be powered through the USB port, your car's cigarette lighter (free adapter included) or 2 AAA batteries so you can take it and use it wherever you like.
Package includes:
FM Stereo Wireless Transmitter.
12 V Cigarette lighter adapter.
3.5mm audio connector.
USB port for connecting MP3 player USB Flash Disc etc.
Easy Installation instructions.
Compatible with all devices with a headphone socket and USB devices
See 2.6 (MW legal unlicensed AM radio stations, MW legal unlicenced AM radio stations).
USA.
Hobby FM radio stations in the USA.
USA hobby FM radio stations.
USA hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in the USA.
No license legal radio broadcasting in the USA.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in the USA.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in the USA.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in the USA.
USA Part 15 FM radio station (Legal unlicensed FM broadcast operation) from 88 MHz to 108 MHz.
The hobby of listening to low power FM radio signals in the USA.
Free software can be downloaded from the Internet to listen for low power radio signals under the noise.
Part 15 FM radio stations (Legal unlicensed broadcast operations).
USA FM very low power unlicensed hobby radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicensed community radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicensed primary school radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicensed high school radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicensed University student radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicensed commercial radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicenced hobby radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicenced community radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicenced primary school radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicenced high school radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicenced University student radio stations.
USA FM very low power unlicenced commercial radio stations.
FM radio mico-broadcasting in the USA.
Very Low power hobby radio stations in the USA.
Very Low power community radio stations in the USA.
Very Low power primary school radio stations in the USA.
Very Low power high school radio stations in the USA.
Very Low power University student radio stations in the USA.
Very Low power commercial radio stations in the USA.
Very Low-Power License-Free FM Radio Broadcasting stations.
Very Low-Power Licence-Free FM Radio Broadcasting stations.
USA very low power (100 mW) radio stations.
USA mono FM hobby radio stations and hobby stereo FM radio stations.
Part 15 radio station (Unlicensed broadcast operation).
Part 15 radio stations (Unlicensed broadcast operations).
The hobby of listening to no license required hobby FM radio stations in the USA.
The hobby of listening to no license required radio stations in the USA.
Part 15 radio station (Unlicenced broadcast operation).
Part 15 radio stations (Unlicenced broadcast operations).
The hobby of listening to no licence required hobby FM radio stations in the USA.
The hobby of listening to no licence required radio stations in the USA.
USA very low power FM radio stations.
Very low power hobby FM radio stations.
USA very low power FM Radio.
Listening to no license required FM radio stations in the USA.
Legal No license required FM radio broadcasting.
Legal unlicensed FM radio stations.
Very low power no license needed legal FM radio station.
No license required FM radio station that you can build from a kit.
Listening to no licence required FM radio stations in the USA.
Hobby FM radio stations in the US.
US hobby FM radio stations.
US hobby FM radio stations.
Hobby FM radio broadcasting in the US.
No license legal radio broadcasting in the US.
No license legal FM radio broadcasting in the US.
No licence legal radio broadcasting in the US.
No licence legal FM radio broadcasting in the US.
US Part 15 FM radio station (Legal unlicensed FM broadcast operation) from 88 MHz to 108 MHz.
The hobby of listening to low power FM radio signals in the US.
US FM very low power unlicensed hobby radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicensed community radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicensed primary school radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicensed high school radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicensed University student radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicensed commercial radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicenced hobby radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicenced community radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicenced primary school radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicenced high school radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicenced University student radio stations.
US FM very low power unlicenced commercial radio stations.
FM radio mico-broadcasting in the US.
Very Low power hobby radio stations in the US.
Very Low power community radio stations in the US.
Very Low power primary school radio stations in the US.
Very Low power high school radio stations in the US.
Very Low power University student radio stations in the US.
Very Low power commercial radio stations in the US.
US very low power (100 mW) radio stations.
US mono FM hobby radio stations and hobby stereo FM radio stations.
The hobby of listening to no license required hobby FM radio stations in the US.
The hobby of listening to no license required radio stations in the US.
The hobby of listening to no licence required hobby FM radio stations in the US.
The hobby of listening to no licence required radio stations in the US.
US very low power FM radio stations.
US very low power FM Radio.
Listening to no license required FM radio stations in the US.
Listening to no licence required FM radio stations in the US.
Legal No licence required FM radio broadcasting.
Legal unlicenced FM radio stations.
Very low power no licence needed legal FM radio station.
No licence required FM radio station that you can build from a kit.
88 MHz – 108 MHz FM radio station kit (no license is required to broadcast on FM radio using very low power in the USA).
88 MHz – 108 MHz FM radio station kit (no licence is required to broadcast on FM radio using very low power in the USA).
Hobby FM radio stations in the USA.
The FCC Federal Communications Commission 10 July 2008 radio regulations, Part 15 rules for Radio Frequency devices outlines the USA radio regulations under which an intended radiator of radio waves may be operated without a license.
An FM range of 1200 feet (0.2 miles, 365 meters, 0.3 km) is easily achieved and many report covering greater areas.
Radio listeners can use computer aided software to extend the range at which it is possible for a radio receiver to detect these low power radio broadcast stations.
Homebuilt transmitters or transmitter kits (intended radiators) can be used without a license if the maximum field strength is within a 200 kHz bandwidth inside the band from 88 MHz – 108 MHz and does not exceed 250 microvolts/meter at a distance 3 meters away from the antenna.
This is equivalent to a maximum effective radiated power of 0.01 Watt (10 milliwatts).
More power is available to unlicensed radio stations using the stereo AM or mono AM medium wave in the 540 kHz – 1700 kHz band. (See MW AM legal unlicensed radio, mono AM and stereo AM).
The Federal Communications Commission FCC permitted forms of low power broadcast operations (24 July 1991) state that “there is no restriction on the content or hours of operation for unlicensed stations operating under part 15” (of the FCC radio rules).
The FCC allows two types of radio broadcasting, licensed radio broadcasting and unlicensed radio broadcasting (24 July 1991).
Home-built FM transmitter radio regulations for Part 15 compliant devices.
Home built FM transmitters.
Home built FM radio transmitters.
Home constructed FM radio transmitters.
Home-made FM radio transmitters.
Home made FM radio transmitter.
Home-made FM radio transmitter.
Home-made FM transmitter.
Home built radio transmitters.
Home built radio transmitter.
Home constructed radio transmitters.
Home constructed radio transmitter.
Home made radio transmitters.
Home made radio transmitter.
Home built hobby FM radio stations in the USA.
Home made hobby FM radio stations in the USA.
The FCC Federal Communications Commission 10 July 2008 radio regulations, Part 15 rules for Radio Frequency devices outlines the USA radio regulations under which an intended radiator of radio waves may be operated without a license.
Unlicensed transmitters (intended radiators) must not cause interference to other radio or TV stations. Unlicensed radio stations (intended radiators) are not protected from interference.
Part 15 rules, page 13, section 15.23 allow home built transmitters (Intentional radiators).
The FCC Part 15 radio regulations for home-made radio transmitter devices.
FCC 10 July 2008 Part 15 radio regulations, page 13, section 15.23 “Home-built devices” states:
(a) Equipment authorization is not required for devices that are not marketed, are not constructed from a kit and are built in quantities of 5 or less for personal use.
(b) It is recognized that the individual builder of Home-built equipment may not possess the means to perform the measurements for determining compliance with the regulations. In this case the builder is expected to employ good engineering practices to meet specified technical standards to the greatest extent practicable.
Section 15.5 also applies to home made devices (transmitters).
Page 9, Section 15.5 “General conditions of operation”.
(a). No person has a right to the continued use of current frequencies (this means that any frequency might be re-allocated for a different use in future).
(b). No harmful radio or TV interference is to be caused and interference from licensed or unlicensed stations must be accepted.
(c). Operation of the devise (transmitter) must cease if an FCC representative informs you of harmful interference caused by your devise. Operation can only restart once the cause of the interference has been corrected.
(d). Transmitters causing damped wave are prohibited (not allowed).
Part 15 rules, page 80 are the list of frequencies where intended radio emissions (transmissions) are not permitted. Only spurious emission (such as unavoidable low level harmonic radiation as a result of transmitting on another frequency) is allowed in those restricted bands.
The FCC part 15 radio regulations in the USA dated 10 July 2008.
FCC Part 15 Regulations for Low Power, Non-Licensed Transmitters in the USA (downloaded 15 August 2009, this FCC edited 1996 outline is a good FCC summery and explanation of the part 15 rules). The 2009 and 1996 rules are similar.
FM Transmitter kits.
https://www.electronickits.com/electronic-kits-1/#1529620666366-5a484445-3c29
Review on FM radio transmitters FMX and EDM.
http://radiobrandy.com/Transmitters.html
Wireless 5.8 GHz & 11 GHz audio and video links provide a means to interconnect your studios to multiple transmitters in nearby buildings.
Studio to Transmitter Links STL.
http://www.outlawradio.us/STL.html
0 to 250 Watt Low Pass Filter for FM radio transmitters $100
http://www.pcs-electronics.com/250w-pass-filters-p-343.html
Download free program material for low power radio station broadcasts.
Download free program material for low power radio station broadcasts.
Free radio station software to automate micro broadcast stations.
Free radio station software to automate radio stations.
http://www.zarastudio.es/index.php?lang=en
Free software for broadcasting.
Download ZaraRadio 1.6.2 Free software automation for Radio stations.
Download ZaraRadio 1.6.2 Free software automation for a Radio station.
Also download the ZaraRadio software automation for Radio station English manual.
ZaraRadio software automation for Radio station Spanish manual.
Serbian translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
Swedish translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
German translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
French translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
Basque translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
Russian translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
Portugese translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
Indonesian translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
Italian translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
Dutch translation of the software automation for a Radio station manual.
http://www.zarastudio.es/index.php?section=downloads&page=zrfree.php&lang=en
The Free software is used on 1660 KHz University of Illinois, USA, for AM broadcasting under the FCC USA Part 15 regulations that allow no- license very low power radio broadcasting stations.
No license needed radio station website.
AM Pirate radio forum and FM pirate radio forum and legal unlicensed part 15 low power radio stations.
http://darkliferadio.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=amfm
Part 15 radio stations do not need a license but they must follow the part 15 radio regulations.
http://www.fcc.gov/eb/FieldNotices/2003/DOC-279229A1.html
List of unlicensed AM radio stations and FM radio stations.
List of unlicenced AM radio stations and FM radio stations.
Part 15 unlicensed radio stations can identify themselves in any manner, some makeup a call sign, others use a slogan but the main thing is to avoid confusion between local broadcasters.
List of unlicensed high school AM radio stations and high school FM radio stations.
List of unlicenced high school AM radio stations and high school FM radio stations.
Click the made up call sign to see details on the school radio station.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unlicensed_high_school_radio_stations
Part 15 FM radio stations.
Very low power radio stations on FM radio.
Legal no license radio stations on FM radio.
Legal no licence radio stations on FM radio.
Part 15 radio broadcast stations on FM radio.
88.7 MHz KTEK New Mexico, USA. Part 15 radio service. Part 15 FM radio broadcast station.
95.7 MHz WCNE London, Kentucky, USA on mono FM and 106.7 MHz stereo FM. A part 15 radio project.
99.9 MHz KEWS McKinney, Texas, USA.
101.7 MHz WIPZ University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Wisconsin, USA. “Collage radio at its best”.
Salmon Creek Wireless Information Service mostly weather using Part 15 power.
106.7 MHz WCNE London, Kentucky, USA on stereo FM and 95.7 MHz mono FM.
107.5 MHz K107.5 Part 15, FCC compliant FM broadcaster in Indiana.
See USA in 2.6 (MW legal unlicensed AM radio stations, MW legal unlicenced AM radio stations).
How to make a radio station in Somalia.
To build a radio station requires electricity.
The Electricity Generator used by the first radio station in North East Somalia.
In July 1993 there was no electricity in Galkayo so a generator was installed at the Galkayo Police station, Galkayo, North East Somalia to power Radio Free Somalia (“free for all to use” known later as Radio Galkayo).
(North East Somalia became the Puntland State of Somalia on the 1st August 1998).
THE PHOTO SHOWS SOME OF THE FIRST ORIGINAL STAFF (RADIO STUDENTS) FROM RIGHT TO LEFT.
1. Right side, Black and white striped shirt: Jamal Farah Adan (graduated later in 1993 and received his Somalia amateur radio callsign 6O0JFA).
2. Left of 6O0JFA (Chin not visible): ?
3. Touching the right side of the generator:?
4. Behind A with a white shirt: Yuusuf Cali Xasan (full face, “Shareef”, Yusuf Ali Hasan "Shariif" graduated later in 1993 and received his Somalia amateur radio callsign 6O0SC).
5. Touching the left side of the generator::?
6. Standing straight near the wall: ?
(Photo Sam Voron 6O0A, VK2BVS).
Index https://sites.google.com/site/somaliaamateurradio/index1
Contact: Sam Voron VK2BVS, 6O0A.
Email somaliahamradio@yahoo.com
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