17. Drugs and The Respiratory System
Sheila A Doggrell
Discipline of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point, GPO Box 2434, QLD 4001, Australia
Phone +61 7 38705741 Fax +61 7 31381534 Email sheila.doggrell@qut.edu.au
Reviewer: Petra Czarniak, Curtin University of Technology
Key words: asthma, COPD, β2-adrenoceptor agonists, salbutamol, salmeterol, muscarinic receptor antagonist, ipratropium, tiotropium, leukotriene receptor antagonists, montelukast, theophylline, oxygen, glucocorticoids, beclomethasone, budesonide, prednisone, cromolyn sodium, formoterol, omalizumab, expectorants, mucolytics, acetylcysteine, cough, menthol, codeine, dextromethorphan, entonox, rhinitis, rhinorrea, histamine H1-receptor antagonist, fexofenadine, sympathomimetics, ephedrine
Contents
17.1 Drugs for bronchial asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
17.1.1 Introduction to asthma
17.1.2 Introduction to COPD
17.1.3 Drug delivery by inhalation
17.1.4 Drugs to treat
17.1.4.1 β2-adrenoceptor agonists
17.1.4.2 Muscarinic receptor antagonists
17.1.4.3 Leukotriene receptor antagonists
17.1.4.4 Theophylline
17.1.4.5 Oxygen for COPD
17.1.5 Drugs to prevent asthma
31.5.1 Glucocorticoids
31.5.2 Cromolyn sodium
17.1.6 Combination to treat and prevent asthma
17.1.7 Drug for allergic asthma – omalizumab
17.1.8 Emergency treatment of asthma
17.2. Expectorants, mucolytics, cough and oxygen
17.2.1 Introduction to expectorants and mucolytics
17.2.2 Expectorants
17.2.3 Mucolytics
17.2.4 Cough
17.2.5 Oxygen
17.3. Drugs for rhinitis and rhinorrea
17.3.1 Introduction
17.3.2 Histamine and H1-receptor antagonists
17.3.3 Sympathomimetic
17.3.4 Muscarinic receptor antagonists
17.3.4 Cromolyn sodium
17.3.5 Glucocorticoids
In this section, initially the drugs for bronchial asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are considered. This is followed by a discussion of expectorants, mucolytics, drugs for cough and oxygen, and then of the drugs for rhinitis and rhinorrhea.