Are Bnei Brak Jews Descendants of the Evil Haman?

Post date: Mar 23, 2016 9:05:25 AM

And How it that Connected to the Haggadah?

The jolly festival of Purim is celebrated every year on the 14th of the Hebrew month of Adar (late winter/early spring) which starts tonight! It commemorates the salvation of the Jewish people in ancient Persia from the wicked Haman’s plot “to destroy, kill and annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in a single day,” as recorded in the Megillah (book of Esther). Jewish children dress up in costumes, charity is given to the poor and edible gifts are given to friends. It will therefore come as a surprise to most Jews to find out that the descendants of this evil man supposedly live in one of the suburbs of Tel Aviv, the densely populated primarily ultra-orthodox city of Bnei Brak.

This modern city takes its name from an ancient biblical one, mentioned in Joshua 19:45 and is probably located close to where its name giver was. Found originally as an agricultural village, it grew rapidly and achieved its city status in 1950. Influential rabbis (e.g. the Chazon Ish) decided to settle there in its beginning years which attracted many other rabbis to come. This eventually led to Bnei Brak's distinctive characteristic as an ultra-orthodox center.

The city appears in the Haggadah as the place where 5 rabbis come together to discuss Pesach and the exodus until daybreak. The reason for adding this story to the Haggadah is probably to show that "even if all of us were wise, all of us men of understanding, all of us aged and well versed in the Torah, it would still be our duty to tell the story of the deliverance from Egypt. Indeed, whoever dwells on the departure from Egypt is praiseworthy" (Translation from Kasher haggadah, 1950), the concluding sentence of the section just before the story of the 5 rabbis, "Avadim Hayinu".

What should a translator do when he comes to a place name? Should he just leave it as is, or domesticate it by changing the name to a local name that expresses the same sentiment as the source text name stirs in native speakers? Or should he try to translate the separate parts of a compound name e.g. Bnei Brak originally meaning "The Sons of Barak"? That would be like translating "New York" as "Das Neue York", "York Nouveau" or "יורק החדשה" in German, French and Hebrew respectively. I have found examples of each of these possibilities in my English Haggadah translations for the name Bnei Brak.

The first English translator of the Haggadah, A. Alexander (1770, London) decided to "translate" the city name as "children of Berak" and added the following footnote: "A name of a place inhabited by Proselytes, Jews descended from Haman". It is strange that although Alexander knew Bnei Brak was a place, he decided to translate it literally.

Alexander is criticized by historians for his strange and frequently quite mistaken translations (with the Haman descended children of Berak often given as one of the examples) but we should not forget he was the very first to attempt to translate the Haggadah. And more importantly, Alexander actually had a Talmudic source to support his claim. The Talmud in Sanhedrin 96b states that the children of Haman eventually came to Bnei Brak to learn Torah there!

Questions how this is possible because Haman himself was a descendant from Amalek and Amalek's descendants are forbidden by Jewish law to convert to Judaism fall outside the scope of this article but answers can be found on the Internet. I have not yet found an answer to the primary question how come Haman had descendants if his 10 sons were hanged (see end of the book of Esther) and his only daughter kills herself after accidentally shaming her father (Megilla 16a). But I'll leave that for others to answer.

Happy Purim!