etheme.com. (n.d.). Mescalero Apache Flag (Native American Flag). Indigenous Peoples Resources. https://indigenouspeoplesresources.com/products/mescalero-apache-flag?srsltid=AfmBOoo63rERql6EphG2JJeCNWeX8XxW7bWYPRtNp3qihPMkKTlShMqu

"Sharing One Skin" emphasizes the responsibility humans have to protect the natural world, viewing it as an extension of themselves rather than a resource to be exploited. The poem calls for a shift in perspective, urging readers to recognize their role in the ecosystem and to act as stewards of the land. And also that Okanagan region is home to a diverse ecosystem, including unique plant and animal species adapted to the semi-arid environment. 

Suina, Joe. (1985). And then I went to school: Memories of a pueblo childhood. New Mexico

In “And I went to School” he recounts his experiences transitioning from a traditional Pueblo upbringing to the American school system. He vividly describes the cultural shock and alienation he felt as his native language, customs, and values were replaced by those of the dominant culture. Suina emphasizes the loss of identity and the challenges of navigating two different worlds, highlighting the importance of cultural preservation and the need for an educational system to respect and incorporate indigenous knowledge. Armstrong, Jeannette. 1996 “Sharing One Skin: The Okanagan Community”. P. 460-470 in Jerry Mander and Edward Goldsmith (eds.), The Case Against The Global Economy, San Fransico, CA: Sierra Club Books

In “The place names impact the way we see landscape” it explores the profound influence of place names on our perception and understanding of the environment. Toastie argues that place names are not merely labels but carry cultural, historical, and linguistic information that shapes how we relate to and interpret landscapes. By examining indigenous and colonial place names, Toatie reveals how naming practices and environmental knowledge, ultimately influencing our attitudes towards and interactions with land.

Toastie, B. “How Place Names Impact the Way We See Landscape”. High Country News, 1 May 2022

The Navajo treaty of 1868 was a pivotal agreement between the Navajo Nation and the U.S. government, ending years of conflict and the forced relocation to Bosque Redondo. It allowed the Navajo to return to a portion of their ancestral lands, establishing a reservation. In exchange for peace, the Navajo agreed to cease raiding and to send their children to U.S. school for education.  -

Sherman, W. T., Harney, Wm. S., Terry, A. H., Augur, C. C., Sanborn, J. B., & Tappan, S. F. (1868). TREATY WITH THE NAVAHO, 1868. In C. J. Kappler (Ed.), LAWS AND TREATIES. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. https://americanindian.si.edu/static/nationtonation/pdf/Navajo-Treaty-1868.pdf

In the past, Navajo education centered on oral tradition and practical skills, disrupted by assimilation- focused boarding school, while present-day education strives for cultural integration and bilingualism in tribally controlled schools, despite ongoing challenges.

Hope, N. (2023, April 10). The Past, Present, and Future of the Navajo Nation. Navajo Education: Past and Present. https://blog.nativehope.org/past-present-future-of-the-navajo-nation

The Navajo Creation story describes a journey through multiple worlds, beginning in darkness and chaos. Being engaged and learning through experiences, eventually emerging into the world as we know it. The Holy people play a crucial role, guiding and shaping the world. The story emphasizes the importance of harmony, balance ( Hozho ) , and respect for nature. It teaches about the origins of humans and their relationship to the world, offering lessons on how to live a  balanced and respectful life. 

Tyler Nickerson. (2020, April 6). Oral Tradition Project - Navajo Creation Story [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgIZaqTYTsk

Veronese,G., Mahamid, F., & Bdier< D.(2023) . Transgenerational trauma and collective resilience: A qualitative analysis of the experience of settler-colonial violence among three generations of Palestinian refugees. International Journal of social Psychiatry. 69(7), 1814, https:// d01.org/10.177/0020764031175787

Wexler, Lisa, et al. "“Being responsible, respectful, trying to keep the tradition alive:” Cultural resilience and growing up in an Alaska Native community." Transcultural psychiatry 51.5 (2014): 693-712.

Usher, Kim, et al. "Indigenous resilience in Australia: A scoping review using a reflective decolonizing collective dialogue." Frontiers in Public Health 9 (2021): 630601.