In Charlestown, Massachusetts on April 27 Samuel Finley Breese Morse was born. He was famous for inventing the Morse code and the telegraph. His brother, Sydney Edward Morse was born on February 7^th 1794. A year later, his other brother, Richard Cary Morse was born on 18^th of June.

Surprisingly, Samuel Morse succeeded in entering the Phillips academy at the age of 8 years old.

In the year 1800, Alessandro Volta of Italy created the ‘voltaic pile’, a battery that produced a reliable, steady current of electricity. 5 years later, Samuel entered Yale college at the age of 14.

During 1810, Samuel Morse graduated from Yale College at the age of 19, and returned to his hometown Charlestown, Massachusetts despite his wishes to become a painter. He also became a clerk for Daniel Mallory, who was his father's Boston book publisher. Also his parents planned for him to become a bookseller’s apprentice.

One year later (1811), Samuel’s parents relented and let him set sail to England with Washington Allston, to study at the Royal Academy of Arts in London. He became friends with Charles Leslie of Philadelphia, who was also studying painting. They become friends with the poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. While in England, Morse also befriended the American painter Charles Bird King, the American actor John Howard Payne, and the English painter Benjamin Robert Haydon.

In the year 1815 Samuel returned to the United States and opened an art studio in Boston. In concord, Samuel met Lucretia Pickering Walker, aged sixteen, and they were soon engaged to be married on 29 September 1819. Also, on September the 2^nd 1819, Samuel Morse’s first child was born; Susan Walker Morse.

In 1822, Samuel Morse invented the marble-cutting machine, which could carve three dimensional sculpture in marble or stone.

On March 17^th 1823, a second child, Charles Walker Morse, was born. In the same year Samuel Morse was successful enough to have opened another art studio in New York City. Samuel Morse had two wives, one of which, Lucretia Pickering Walker, died through child birth of their forth child in 1825. Sadly for Samuel his mother also died three years after her in 1828.

Leaving his children in the care of other relations, Samuel Morse set sail for Europe in the year 1829. During his voyage home to New York on the Sully, Samuel Morse first conceived the idea of the electromagnet telegraph during his conversations with another passenger, Dr. Charles T. Jackson of Boston. Jackson described to him European experiments with electromagnetism. Inspired, Morse wrote ideas for a prototype of an electromagnetic recording telegraph and dot-and-dash code system in his sketchbook.

Morse was selected as a professor of painting and sculpturing arts at the University of New York. He also began developing the telegraph; this was all done in the year 1829.

On April 2^nd 1872 he died at the age of 81, 25 days before his birthday.

Lewis Caroll was born on the 27^th of January 1832 his given name was Charles Lutwidge Dodgons. Lewis Caroll is mostly famous for writing Alice In Wonderland. Later on in 1832 he was baptised at All Saints Church. His family moved to Croft Rectory in Richmondshire, North Yorkshire when he was 11 in 1843.

Lewis Caroll went to rugby school in 1846 at the age of 13. He left the school at 16 after 3 years there. He graduated from Christ Church College in Oxford, but remained there so he could become a mathematician.

In 1856 he became a photography artist, which meant that he took lots of photos. He wrote the incredibly famous book, Alice and Wonderland, in 1865 but the film was made later. He must have been a pretty good writer to write a good story like that. It was a big success.

Tragically, his father died in 1868, which made him very sad. After the death, he purchased a house called The Chestnut, which his brothers and sisters went to live in.

In 1872, after the accomplishment of Alice in Wonderland, he wrote Through the Looking Glass, which was a big achievement but not as big as Alice in Wonderland. After the triumph of Alice in Wonderland, he started writing famous comics like the Hunting of the Snake and all sorts of other comics.

Lewis Caroll was a very good photographer and liked to take pictures of children and famous people, but he also loved writing. In 1880 he decided to give up his career in photography. A year later he also stopped being a mathematician so he could concentrate on his writing instead.

In 1889 he wrote the first part of a book called Sylive and Bruno which was about a man in the Victorian times who was living a normal life until he met a person which lived in fairy world. He went on to write the second part four years later in 1893.

Sadly, Lewis Caroll died of bronchitis at his sister’s home in 1898. He was only two weeks away from turning sixty six.

Prince Albert was born in 1819.

He proposed to Queen Victoria in 1840. Queen Victoria was Albert’s German cousin. 8 years later Prince Albert introduced the Christmas trees into the Great Britain.

In 1851 Prince Albert masterminded the great exhibition

At the glass made crystal palace.

The crystal palace had over six million visitors.

In 1857 Prince Albert was awarded the prince consort. Unfortunately in 1861 Prince Albert died of cholera.

Isambard Kingdom Brunel was born on the 9th of April in Portsmouth, Hampshire. He started studying at the age of 14 and completed his studies at Lycée Henri-IV University in Paris in 1822. One year later, he began working with his father who was also a French engineer.

In 1826 he worked along side his father to build the Thames tunnel at Rotherhithe. Once this was finished, after many years of hard work, the tunnel was finally complete.

Three years later, after starting the Thames tunnel, Isambard Kingdom Brunel planned the Clifton suspension bridge.

Isambard Kingdom Brunel was a very talented and clever man, he was known for many things. In 1831 he won a competition to design the Clifton Suspension Bridge across the River Avon in Bristol. He became the chief engineer for the Clifton Suspension Bridge, The Great Western ship in 1837, Great Britain iron ship in 1843 and the Thames tunnel.

He got married to Mary Elizabeth Horsly in 1836. Before he got married, there was a Great western Railway that opened in 1835.

During 1837, The Great Western ship was launched and it was the first steam ship to engage the transatlantic service.

Isambard Kingdom Brunel planned the bridge over the river Tamar during 1843. He had to make it high so ships could go under it.

Also in 1843, Isambard launched the world’s very first iron ship; it was named the Great Britain.

During 1859, he launched by far the world’s biggest ship, The Great Eastern, which was also designed with John, Scott and Rushell.

Sometime after, on December 15^th 1859, he tragically died.

The Clifton Suspension bridge was completed in 1864, but sadly he never got to see it in action.

I personally think that he must be a very good inventor and designer to have all his inventions still standing even today and even still being used.

In 1819 Queen Victoria was born in Kensington Palace in London. When she was 18 years old she took over the throne, against her parents will from her uncle William IV. William IV died in Windsor Castle which is near London. After 3 years of reigning she married Prince Albert (who was also her cousin) at the very young age of 21.

In the same year of which she married Prince Albert Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, (1840) they had their first child, Princess Victoria. Two years later she had her second child Prince Albert Edward Wettin, and seven other children follow.

In 1843 Princess Alice Maude Mary was born then a year later her brother was born Prince Alfred Ernest Albert. Sometime after Prince Alfred was born, they had their next child who was named Princess Louisa Caroline Alberta. A year before the great exhibition (1850) their third youngest child was born Prince Arthur William Patrick.Did you know?

• Queen Victoria never said I am not amused.

• Queen Victoria survived 6 assassins attempts.

• She only wore black after her husband died.

• Prince Albert (her husband) was one of the suspects for Jack the ripper.

Queen Victoria and Prince Albert opened the Great Exhibition at Crystal Palace during the year 1851.

In 1853 Prince Leopald George Duncan was born. He was her 8th child. Four years later, Princess Beatrice Mary Victoria was born. She was her 9th child.

In 1857 parliament gave Albert the title of prince consort. Unfortunately Prince Albert died of typhoid fever at age 42.

Fifteen years after her husband died, she was named empress of India. In 1887 Queen Victoria celebrated her fifty years on the throne. (Aka her golden jubilee). Ten years later the whole country rejoiced when she reached her diamond jubilee.

Despondently, Queen Victoria died in 1905.

Did you know?

• Queen Victoria reigned for exactly 63 years 216 days.

• Queen Victoria had nine children.

• The Victorian period was named after Queen Victoria

Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 in Italy; it was on the 12 of May that her mother gave birth. She was famous for helping the sick and for opening a hospital called St. Thomas’s hospital. She was also famous for helping the sick in the Crimean war in 1854. Her Family was rich, Florence wanted to become a nurse but her dad would not let her be one… she disobeyed him and became one anyway.

God spoke to Florence at Embley in 1837, he wanted to bring her to his service but she was not clear on how to serve him.

In 1840, Florence started to sense what God’s purpose for her was, it was for her to become a nurse.

A hospital was built in 1860; it was called St. Thomas’s Hospital. Florence Nightingale set it up for nurses to train to help the sick people.

Florence started to write her journal called ‘I had a calling from God’ in 1854. She took the calling and knew she had to treat sick people.

Later the same year, the Crimean war started. Florence took God’s advice and decided that she would help the soldiers who had got hurt fighting in the war. Nightingale met Mary Seacole, who was also a nurse.

In the hospitals during the war, men were dying every day from illnesses and diseases. The soldiers caught the illnesses from the hospital. The hospitals were disgusting in the time of Florence Nightingale, there were rats running around. Medicines were in short supply and there was no equipment for the food to be put in. She worked hard to change this. Some soldiers kept a tortoise called Jimmy.

In 1859 Florence Nightingale wrote a small book called ‘Notes on Nursing’. A year after publishing ‘Notes on Nursing’, Florence also published notes from her journal. These were called ‘Lying in hospital’.

In 1861 Florence said that god spoke to her for the fourth and last time. She did so much to please god she must have been proud of herself for taking on such a hard challenge.

Amazingly Nightingale’s work paid off because sometime during 1883 she was awarded the Red Cross by queen Victoria and astonishingly, she also got 2 more medals a couple of years later.

Florence had her voice recorded in 1890 by the Edison Company.

It was also one of the first recordings in history [It must have been nerve racking.]

Unfortunately Florence died in 1910; she was alive for 90 years and 3 months.

This biography is about the famous Victorian woman author, Charlotte Bronte. She is well known for her 4 novels and her life with her family in many different homes.

On the 21^st of April 1816, Charlotte Brunty, or later to be known Bronte, was born in Thornton, Yorkshire as the third child of 6. Soon after she had a brother, Patrick Bronte born 1817, and two sisters, Emily born 1818, and Anne born 1820. She also had two elder sisters Maria and Elisabeth.

Not long later, their mother died when Charlotte was only 5years old, in 1821.

A few years later, the two middle sisters started their education at Clergy Daughters’ School at Cowan Bridge in 1824. Suddenly, in 1825, a heartbreaking event was the death of her two eldest sisters, Maria and Elizabeth.

After returning from a trip in 1826, their father brought home toy wooden soldiers. They inspired the remaining Bronte siblings and, in the same year, wrote small books about ‘young men’ as they were called.

Emily and Charlotte loved to teach so, 16 years later in 1842, they had plans to open their own school in Howarth. Alas they had to abandon their plans due to Charlotte having depression. Instead, they went to Brussels school to learn foreign languages; French and German.

Not many years after, Charlotte and Anne were sorting out their sister’s room when they stumbled across a folder full of verses! Suddenly, they realised that they had all been secretly writing poems! So, in 1846, they published a book called Poems using the names Currer (Charlotte), Ellis (Emily) and Acton (Anne) Bell for Victorians did not think it proper for women to write books.

During the next year, Charlotte wrote Jane Eyre which was a great success. Though, after this huge achievement, Branwell died through drunkenness in 1848. Sorrowfully on the 19^th of December her sister Emily died at just 30 from the Tuberculosis disease, followed by Anne who passed away just the next year on the 28^th of May.

Charlotte lived alone with only her father for company. Throughout 1849 she completed Shirley: a tale and it was published few months later.

The next 4 years she spent writing her last book Villette before marrying Arthur Bell Nicolas on June the 29^th. Unluckily, Charlotte died on 31^st of March through pregnancy. But a few years after her death, the Professor was republished using her real name and was proved very popular.

Charlotte Bronte was a talented Victorian woman author. Despite her sister’s unfortunate deaths, she proved to other Victorians that women write as well as men. She was a very extraordinary lady.

This is a biography about the famous author Emily Jane Bronte. She is well known for her fantastic novel Wuthering Heights and her interesting life with sisters, who also wrote books, and brother.

In Thornton, Yorkshire, Emily Jane Brunty, now known as Bronte, was born on 13^th July 1818. Already her father and mother had had Maria, Elizabeth, Charlotte and Patrick, who were her older sisters and brother. A tragedy awaited when Emily was just 3 years old; the death of her mother in 1821. Three years after this unfortunate event, Emily and Charlotte went to the Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge, where they were taught to read and write.

Another misfortune in 1825 was the loss of her two eldest sisters, Maria and Elizabeth. In the same year, the remaining children began to write small books of stories about “young men”, as they were called.

Six years later, Charlotte enrolled at Roe Head where she met Ellen Nussey, who became a lifelong friend. Ellen gave Emily an idea for a character in her book, Wuthering Heights.

After a decade had passed in 1841, Emily taught briefly at Miss Patchett’s school in Law Hill. Soon after with the experience of teaching, she and her sister Charlotte had plans to open their own school. These ideas came to an abrupt end when Charlotte had depression; it was impossible for Emily to carry on by herself so there was no school.

In 1842, Emily and Charlotte went to Brussels School to learn foreign languages, French and German. Some time later, in 1846, Charlotte discovered some amazing poems written by Emily. Unfortunately there was not enough to fill a book, so Anne and Charlotte had to add some of their own. This was when they published their first ever book, they named it “Poems.”

The three sisters sold it by the names Ellis, (for Emily) Currer, (for Charlotte) and Acton (for Anne), as in those days novels by women weren’t meant to be anywhere near as good as books by men.

Two years later, Emily wrote and then published her fantastic story, Wuthering Heights, also Charlotte and Anne made their books Jane Eyre and Ages Grey available in the same year. These novels are still going strong today, as well as the others written by her two sisters.

Following this amazing triumph, two catastrophes occurred in 1848, one involving poor Emily herself. The first was about her brother Patrick Branwell, who was a heavy drinker, and therefore died. During the very same year was the terrible death of Emily, aged 30. She fell ill and caught the disease of tuberculosis, and died the 19^th of December.

After the unfortunate loss of Emily, Anne passed away in 1849 and 6yrs later Charlotte died too, on the 31^st of March.

However, even now in 2010, we are still reading the amazing stories written by the Brontes. Emily’s Wuthering Heights and a few books by Charlotte have been made into films, which shows how remarkable they are.

Charles Dickens was born on February the 7^th 1812 to John and Elizabeth Dickens. He was famous for writing books, like A Christmas Carol, Oliver Twist and some poetry. Later on, in 1824, his father got arrested and sent to prison, because he didn’t pay his debts. Charles Dickens was very depressed. He missed his dad. Trying to forget about his dad in prison, he decided to rejoin the workforce as clerk of attorney.

In 1830 he happily met the love of his life, Maria Bednell. The next thing you know 3 years later the relation ship tragically ended with Maria. Despite the break-up, he began using the pseudonym “Boz.” Because of him being famous he didn’t want to be recognized as Charles Dickens. 1 year later, he met his future wife, Catherine Hogarth. In 1835, Charles Dickens got engaged to Catherine. Some time next year, Charles Dickens published his first chapters of The Pickwick papers. Later in the year, Charles Dickens was thrilled; he was thrilled because the first of his 10 children was born. It was a boy and his name was called Charles Culliford Boz Dickens.

During 1838, Dickens and Hablot Browne went on a trip together, they both travelled to Yorkshire to see the Boarding schools. Another child was born! It was a girl and they called her Mary. In the same year, a book was published called Nicholas Nickleby. Another daughter was born in 1839 and her name was called Kate. Another book was published called, The Old Curiosity Shop and that began in 1840. Later on another book was published called Barnaby Rudge. A little while later after the book was published, Charles and Catherine set off to Scotland and toured there for a while. With joy, a new baby was born. They named it Walter. That all happened in 1841.

Later in the year, Charles Dickens travelled to Scotland again, with his wife, Catherine and his child, Charles Culliford Dickens. Moving forward to America, Charles began work on Martin Chuzzlewit, either in late 1842 or early the next year. Then in 1843 A Christmas Carol was published, and Charles Dickens had a son called Francis Jeffrey Dickens, also known as Frank in the next year.

Charles Dickens could cure people by hypnotising them. He treated madam de la rue with mesmerism in 1844. He started this by hypnotising his family for fun.

And yet again another son was born in 1845, so Dickens and his family moved to Switzerland and he published, Dombey and sons. After this publication another son was born, Sydney Dickens, born in 1847.Unfortunately Fanny Dickens, Charles Dickens’s Sister, had died and the Dickens children were left without an auntie but Charles published his new book the Haunted Man His last Christmas, do you think after every publication a child is born? Well it seems like it doesn’t it and how many books has Charles Dickens published?

In 1849 yet another child had been born, Henry Fielding Dickens, and yet another book was published, David Copperfield had begun. Then in 1850 his beautiful daughter was born, named Dora Annie Dickens. Unfortunately, in 1851 his wife and mother of his kids had a nervous collapse and John Dickens (grandpa) and Dora, the 8 month old baby, died all in the same year. In the next year the book Bleak House and Catherine’s cookery book was published and Catherine had another son Edward, born in 1852, that would mean their very first child is 15 years of age. In the next year Charles gave his first public reading of one of his works .Then within a year Charles published another book called, Hard Times. Disappointedly, Charles had a reunion with Mira Winter, but fortunately, in the next year he gets a chance to work with Wilki Collins on the Deep and all in the same year he purchased Gads Hill Place.

In 1855, Dickens had a disappointing reunion with Maria Winter, (Maria Bednell) and the publication of Little Dorrit began. Later on, in 1856, Charles worked with Wiki Collins, on the frozen deep. Later that year, Dickens purchased, Gads Hill Place. A year later in 1857, Hans Christian Anderson was entertained at Gads Hill Place. Dickens met Ellen Ternan. A year after, Charles sadly separated from Catherine his wife. A year had past and it was 1859, Dickens published, A Tale of Two Cities. Sometime after in 1860, a publication of Great Expectations began, all the year round. Later that year his daughter, Katie, married and ten days later, his brother, Alfred died. Dickens burned his personal papers.

In 1863, Dickens’ mother, Elizabeth, died. The same year, Dickens began work on ‘Our Mutual Friend’. A year had past, and it was 1864, sadly his son, Walter, died in India, and the first instalment of ‘Our Mutual Friend’ began.

A year later, in 1865, Dickens was involved in the staple Hurst railway accident along with Ellen Terron and her mother. After that, in 1867, Dickens toured America for the second time. After that in 1869, Dickens is ordered by doctors to discontinue public readings. He started writing the mystery of Edwin Drood. In the final year of his life in 1870, Dickens gave his final public Reading. The publication of the Mystery of Edwin Drood began. Charles Dickens sadly died at Gad’s Hill Place on June the 9^th.

Elizabeth Garrett was born on the 9th of June, 1836, in Whitechapel London. She was the second of twelve children. She was most famous for being the first female doctor in Britain.

During 1841, Elizabeth went to a boarding school at the age of 5 and got interested in the thought of being a doctor. Just after that Elizabeth found out that she was having a little sister named Millicent Garrett. Later on, Elizabeth’s sister became part of parliament. Years later, she met the first female American doctor, Elizabeth Blackwell, in 1859. As a result, she wanted to become a doctor as well. Eventually, in 1860, Elizabeth trained to be a doctor in France, but didn’t qualify. A few months later, she had a go at training in England and did a lot better there.

Quite a few years later, in1865, she qualified to be the first woman doctor in the whole of Britain, which was amazing.

One of Elizabeth’s younger sisters, Millicent Garrett, got married to a blind man called Henry Fawcett in 1867, so her last name changed to Fawcett.

At some point in 1871, she met her future husband, James Anderson, and later that year, at the age of 35, got married to him. But she didn’t change her name completely, so it became Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, instead of Elizabeth Anderson. The next year she opened a hospital just for women in London.

On the 28th of July 1873 Elizabeth had her first child named Louisa Anderson. About two years later, she had her second child, called Margaret, but sadly, later that year, Margaret died of meningitis. Alan Anderson was their 3rd and last child who was born on the 9th of March 1877.

Tragically, on the 17th of December 1917 Elizabeth died at the age of 81 in her country home in England.

Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. Alexander was famous for inventing the telephone that we still use today. He lived with his two brothers, Melville James Bell and Edward Charles Bell. Also he lived with his father, Professor Alexander Melville Bell, and his mother, Eliza Grace Symonds Bell, who was a musician and a painter of portraits. Naturally, Alexander, or Alec as his family call him, took after his father by helping the deaf.

Alec attended school for very little time; he went to school at the age of 10 and came out at the low age of 14. At school he had one friend in particular: Ben Herdman.

In his late teens, he legally made himself a middle name, he was now known as Alexander Graham Bell. He made himself a middle name to be more like his two brothers.

Tragically, a few years later his two brothers both died of tuberculosis leading to Alexander having to go to Canada where there were better conditions. Fortunately, Alec got over his illness and soon founded a school in Boston for the deaf. After one year at the deaf school Alexander left to become a professor at Boston University. In 1875 he met a young girl, about 10 years younger than him, called Mabel Hubbard who had become deaf at the age of four due to scarlet fever and he married her. Over the years they had four children, two sons and two daughters.

Soon after they got married he opened The Bell Telephone Company. After a lot of thinking and planning Alexander eventually came up with the plans of the telephone. Once he had made it, he managed to get a patent on it which means that he could sell his invention and so that no one else could copy it.

The next day he transmitted the famous words “Mr.Watson, come here. I want you!” In 1888 Alec, and others, started the National Geographic Society and served as its trusty president for many years. About 20 years later, in 1908, he and Casey Baldwin invented the hydrofoil (a boat designed to skim over the water) which set the world speed record for 70mph.

Due to his success, by 1917 all of the U.S.A had telephone services. Unfortunately, 5 years later he died at the age of 75 in Canada, a truly sad moment. It’s hard to believe that one man managed to change the world forever starting with a fantastic idea evolving into being one of the best inventions in the world. What amazes me is how he was so interested in the deaf and yet invented something that they couldn’t use.

Thomas Barnardo was born in Dublin, Ireland 1845. He is famous for his charity and saving lots of orphans from the street! He thought that these poor orphans should have a home like most other children in the world had.

At the age of only 13, Thomas started his career in New York. 3 long years later he finished school. He left New York to train in London and then he decided to open his first ragged school for poor children so that they could learn.

During the same year, he met Jim Jarvis, a lonely street child living on the rooftops, who told him about the orphans. Then Thomas realised that something needed to be done!!!! In 1870 he opened his first home for boys while at the same time giving up his missionary plans. 3 years after that, he got married to Syrie Elmsile

Then in 1876 he became a doctor. Around that time he had opened over 50 homes for the poor orphans!

In 1905 there was a tragic day and Thomas died of angina at the age of 60 on the 19^th September.

84 years later, his last home closed but the charity still goes on and saves millions of orphans every minute of their dull and miserable life before they get taken off the street and into a cosy and warm home.

George Stephenson was born in Wylam about eight miles from Newcastle Upon Tyne in 1781. He is famous for building the Rocket steam locomotive.

In 1802 George was employed as a coal mine engineer and he stayed on until 1812, when he started to make steam engines. He carried on making them until he decided to design steam locomotives which was in 1814 when he was aged 33. In 1821 George met the designer of the Darlington to Stockton railway, Edward Pease, and changed it from horses to steam locomotives. 4 years later he completed his first train named Locomotion.

1829 came and it was quite a busy year for George as he built the Rocket and the railway between Liverpool and Manchester. A year later the Liverpool Manchester opened and it was a success. However one man died on that day, he got run over by the rocket. He was crossing the track but then the train hit him.

In the years 1830 to 1832 George Stephenson built the Sankey valley viaduct.

His life ended in 1848.

In 1805 Mary Jane Grant was born in Kingston, Jamaica. Mary Grant married Edwin Seacole in 1836 at the age of 31. During 1843 Mary’s hotel burnt down in Kingston. Suddenly Edwin died very shortly after Mary’s mother in 1844. In 1850 Mary travelled to Pannama in Italy.

In 1853 the Crimean war started. Turkey and Russia were at war with one another. Britain tried to help the Turkish win. At this time, Mary Seacole was helping and caring for victims of the yellow fever epidemic in Jamaica. In the year of 1854 she travelled to England again and approached the war office, asking to be sent as an army nurse to the Crimea where there was known to be medical facilities for wounded soldiers.

During 1854, Mary Seacole sailed to the Crimea to look after and nurse British soldiers fighting there. Two years later, the Crimean war ended. In 1857 Mary published her first book however she was stopped from going to India.

Sadly, twenty-four years later on the 14^th of May, Mary Seacole died of apoplexy at the age of seventy-six.

During the year of 1956 a ward in Kingston hospital was named after Mary Seacole for her courage and determination. On the 20^th of November1973, a ceremony was held to re-consecrate the grave of Mary Seacole.