Alexander Calder & Mobiles

An Arts Integration investigation into the mathematical design of mobiles.

Integrating the arts into the math curriculum is an innovative way to complement diverse learning styles.  Students at AAA have an interest in a variety of art majors and being able to make the connections between math content and their interest in the arts facilitates the real-life applications of what we are learning by tapping into those creative areas of the brain.  

In this lesson students have applied their learning of geometric principles to create mobiles, a kinetic visual art form originated by Alexander Calder.  In order for their mobile to balance, they had to use their knowledge of systems of equations and inverse variation to find the centroid of the pieces they had meticulously measured and cut in order to balance and create the hanging mobiles.  

This project also allows a teacher to illustrate the Fulcrum's Law in Physics.  The Mobile Project became a tangible illustration of these math concepts in practice and allowed students to not only see the interconnectedness of the discipline of mathematics  but also allowed students to  use creative thinking and artistic skills and personal expression as well.    

At AAA, teachers are encouraged to not teach our courses in isolation, but rather to help students find the interconnectedness of our subject to other subjects, especially the arts that fascinate each of our students and drew them to choose our school.

LEARNING OUTCOMES: GEOMETRY A

High School Geometry, Expressing Geometric Properties with Equations

Domain:  Expressing Geometric Properties with Equations; Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically 

HSG.GPE.B.6 Find the midpoint between two given points; and find the endpoint of a line segment given the midpoint and one endpoint

HSG.GPE.B.7 Use coordinates to compute perimeters of polygons and areas of triangles and rectangles

LEARNING OUTCOMES: VISUAL ART

VA: Cr2.3.la Collaboratively develop a proposal for an installation, artwork, or space design that transforms the perception and experience of a particular place (class mobiles were created to fill public spaces within the school). 

VA:Pr5.1.lla Evaluate, select, and apply methods or processes appropriate to display artwork in a specific place. 

VA:Re7.2.la Analyze how one’s understanding of the world is affected by experiencing visual imagery. 

VA:Pr4.1.Illa Investigate, compare, and contrast methods for preserving and protecting art (Visit to Crystal Bridges to see Calder's work in person). 

VA: Cn11.1.Illa Appraise the impact of an artist or a group of artists on the beliefs, values, and behaviors of a society (Investigation of Alexander Calder's work, art history presentation). 

Work of Art

Trois noirs sur un rouge

ARTISTAlexander Calder (1898 - 1976)

DATE1968

DIMENSIONS130 x 118 x 86 5/8 in. (330.2 x 299.7 x 220 cm)

MEDIUMPainted sheet metal

CREDIT LINECrystal Bridges Museum of American Art, Bentonville, Arkansas, 2009.23

In his sculpture, Calder achieved a graceful balance in motion epitomized by Trois noirs sur un rouge. While his work resonates with the dynamism of Surrealism and Dadaism, Calder was fascinated by the cosmos: “I felt there was no better model for me to choose than the Universe...Spheres of different sizes, densities, colors, and volumes, floating in space.”

Trois noirs sur un rouge is a classic example of Calder’s standing mobiles. The term mobile, coined by his artist friend Marcel Duchamp in 1931, aptly describes Calder's kinetic creations. He challenged the traditional definition of sculpture as three-dimensional mass, creating works of art made from metal rods and biomorphic sheet metal planes that move with the air in varied and spontaneous paths. 

ASSESSMENT

Student Work