Errors in the physics: QUARKS
Let's ask a seditious question. Whether there are quarks in the nature. After all them nobody saw and in any experience they were not observed.
The idea of quarks has arisen in connection with growth of number of open elementary particles and as a result attempts of their ordering. It is clear that the more exist of elementary particles; that is the more difficultly trusted in their simplicity and the first that comes to mind that they consist of smaller number more elementary particles. But this is one of possible solutions and completely not unique.
It is considered that quarks correspond to unitary symmetry (SU (2), SU (3), SU (4)). Correspond, but only whether this symmetry is true, after all leptons do not want to submit to it, and with other particles not all is smooth. The statement that is at the heart of microcosm symmetries – not precisely lie. Symmetries in a microcosm are, but only what are caused by properties of space, and with unitary symmetry they blanket have no anything. Unitary symmetry it no more than a mathematical invention for the purpose of ordering of elementary particles - simply telling, a mathematical prop for a hypothesis of quarks.
And in general it is impossible to put an equal-sign between real-life elementary particles and a mirage. If quarks model is true, then leptons should consist of quarks also. At a тау - lepton, what masses do not suffice? But it is not inscribed in model and consequently it have rejected. Well and if leptons are equal to quarks why of them consists nothing and why quarks have a fractional electrical charge, and leptons are not present.
Ordering of a part of elementary particles was the basic argument in advantage quarks models. But the field theory has coped with a problem of ordering of all elementary particles, and the place for quarks and gluons was not in it. And no gravitons relate elementary particles in a single whole. All of them simply are not necessary to the nature. The field is continuous and will be conversed under the laws.
So, existence of quarks is real is not proved. That they approach for the present dominating "theory" is not the proof of their existence. The theory in the field any more can work or works with errors. So the question on existence of quarks remains unclosed. As the nature is can perfectly bypassed and without them.
The definitive answer to this point in question is clear for me. And how many it is necessary to prolong to chase a mirage – is to solve to everyone self-maintained.
And in summary: if to part number of quarks in a elementary particle on two we will gain main quantum number L being the fundamental performance of elementary particles and spotting their properties. But it already has begun absolutely other history – the science, namely a quantum mechanics and a classical electrodynamics – two titans of a microcosm here starts to work.
Vladimir Gorunovich
6.5.2011
Physical fairy tale - error in the physicist: QUARKS
Everywhere speak about quarks though anybody them and in eyes did not see and in any experiences they did not appear in the free kind. We understand with this question.
While elementary particles of which all substance consists, it has been opened a little - all of them were considered as the elementary. But time went, and the quantity of open elementary particles continued to grow. Well and after a while there were doubts in their simplicity. Time of elementary particles is too much - that probably they consist of smaller number more elementary particles (from quarks). For example, baryons could consist of three quarks having fractional electric charge, and mesons from two. So quarks have been thought up. But leptons did not want to submit to such hypothesis - therefore decided them to leave elementary. And the photon in general costs independently, and any quarks it will not describe. The standard model has been then thought up to give it visibility of a science. But questions remained: why of leptons consists nothing, and why quarks have fractional electric charge, and leptons are not present. And the most important question why quarks are not present in the free kind. These questions did not find the answer within the limits of the dominating theory. And not clearest - that such is a photon. The photon is a particle or a part of a variable electromagnetic wave?
On that that the photon all the same is a part of a variable electromagnetic wave and elementary particles possess wave properties and the field theory of elementary particles (http://www.vladimir-gorunovich.narod.ru/) which found other answers to a question on a structure of elementary particles has been developed, and described all spectrum of elementary particles (a photon, leptons, mesons, baryons , vector mesons) but in it there was no place for quarks. So one fairy tale in the physicist is became less. But the field theory found the answer to such questions as that such electric charge, whence it arises and why is quantized, what real number of elementary particles in the nature and what they - but it is more narrow from the science world.
Vladimir Gorunovich
16.06.2011