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Title: Which antacid can neutralize the most stomach acid Tums or gaviscon?.

Principle(s) Investigated: .In chemistry, neutralization is a Chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form a salt. Neutralizations with Arrhenius acid and base always produce water where acid–alkali reactions produce water and a metal salt...

Standards :

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Materials:

QUANTITY ITEM DESCRIPTION

Procedure:

.Put 2 beaker 200ml.

2. Get 1,000 ml of cold water

3. 500ml of Hydrochloric acid stomach acid

4. Fill each beaker with 100 ml of water

5. Crush one dosage of each antacid Tums and Gaviscon.

6. Put one dosage of each antacid in a different beaker.

7. Mix until the antacid is fully dissolved in the water.

8. Soak in hot water bath.

9. Test initial pH.

10. Fill an burette with approximately 100 ml of stomach acidic (Hydrochloric Acid.)

11. Drop one drop of acid into the antacid mixture and stir.

12. Repeat step 11 counting the number of drops it takes to make the pH reach 7.0.

13. Record the number of drops in data table.

14. Repeat entire experiment 2 more times

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Results

Tums 15 drops

Gaviscon 65 drops

Student prior knowledge:

Explanation:

In chemistry, neutralization is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form a salt.

Often, neutralization reactions are exothermic. For example, the reaction of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. However, forms of endothermic neutralization do exist, such as the reaction between sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and acetic acid(vinegar).

Neutralization reactions do not necessarily imply a resultant pH of 7.The resultant pH will vary based on the respective strengths of the acid and base reactants.

There are many uses of neutralization reactions that are acid-alkali reactions. A very common use is antacid tablets. These are designed to neutralize excess gastric acid in the stomach (HCL) that may be causing discomfort in the stomach or lower esophagus. This can also be remedied by the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃).

Also in the digestive tract, neutralization reactions are used when food is moved from the stomach to the intestines. In order for the nutrients to be absorbed through the intestinal wall, an alkaline environment is needed, so the pancreas produces antacid bicarbonate to cause this transformation to occur

Standard Enthalpy of Neutralization

Standard Enthalpy of Neutralization

It is the enthalpy change accompanying the complete neutralization of an acid by a base or vice versa involving combination of 1 mol of H+ ions (from acid) and 1 mol of 011 ions (fro”} base) to form 1 mol of H p(l) in dilute aqueous solutions. For example, enthalpy change accompanying the neutralization of NaOH and HCI is represented as:

HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq) à NaCl(aq) + H2O(l); ΔnH = 75.1 KJ mol-1

Similarly,

HCl (aq) + 1/2 Ca(OH)2 (aq) à 1/2 CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(l)

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Q.uestions & Answers

Is Stomach acid dangerous?

A person may have an ulcer and the stomach acid could perforate or escape it would eat their other organs. Stomach acid is highly acidic and has a pH of 1.6. Stomach acid is hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach. If there is too much stomach acid it can cause heartburn. Heartburn is when stomach acid is produced in abnormal amounts or location. One of the symptoms of heartburn is a burning feeling in the chest or abdomen.

What is the pH of acid and how are they recognized?

Acids are a group of chemicals, usually in liquid form. They can be recognized by their sour taste and their ability to react with other substances. Acids are confirmed as an acid by their pH. The pH of acids range from 0-6.9. The two main acids are: mineral acid and organic acid. The three acids that are most common are sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), and hydrochloric acid (HCL).

What food contains acid?

Almost all foods and drinks and even medicines have ingredients that are different acids. Here are some examples: Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), Orange Juice (ascorbic acid/Vitamin C), Sour Milk (lactic acid), Soda Water (carbonic acid), and Vinegar (acetic acid)

Applications to Everyday Life:

The most widely known, is in fertilizers and control of soil pH. Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or limestone (calcium carbonate) may be worked into soil that is too acidic for plant growth^. Fertilizers that improve plant growth are made by neutralizing sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) or nitric acid (HNO₃) with ammonia gas (NH3) making ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate. These are salts utilized in the fertilizer.

Industrially sulfuric acid may be produce. It is a by-product of the burning of coal sulfur dioxide gas, may combine with water vapor in the air to eventually produce sulfuric acid, which falls as acid rain. To prevent the sulfur dioxide from being released, a device known as a scrubber gleans the gas from smoke stacks.

In wastewater treatment, chemical neutralization. These neutralization methods are often applied to reduce the damage that an effluent may cause upon release to the environment. For pH control, popular chemicals include calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate. The selection of an appropriate neutralization chemical depends on the particular application.

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