Broadening your worldview

Expanding your horizons

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TOPICS

Cultural comparisons and culture shock; moving abroad; emotions; customs; tourism and travel abroad

SPEAKING

Talking about moving abroad; expressing emotions; describing cultural expectations; giving advice

GRAMMAR

Noun phrases containing relative clauses; expectations: the custom to, (not) supposed to, expected to, (not) acceptable to

PRONUNCIATION

Word stress in sentences

LISTENING

Listening for information about living abroad; listening to opinions about customs

WRITING

Writing a pamphlet for tourists

READING

“Culture Shock”: Reading about moving to another country

ACTIVITY

Comparing customs in different countries

Cycle 1 Discuss living in a foreign country

01 PERSPECTIVES 🌐Challenges of living abroad

02 WORD POWER 🔌Culture shock

03 GRAMMAR FOCUS 🔁Noun phrases containing relative clauses

04 PRONUNCIATION 🎤Word stress in a sentence

05 DISCUSSION 🌏 Going abroad

Cycle 2 Describe cultural expectations and differences

06 SNAPSHOT 🙆Different Customs

07 CONVERSATION 💬Bring a small gift

08 GRAMMAR FOCUS 📐Expectations

09 LISTENING 🎧Different cultures

10 SPEAKING 💬Local customs

11 WRITING 📝A tourist pamphlet

12 ACTIVITY ✔Culture Check

13 READING 📖Culture Shock

VOCABULARY

Nouns

behavior

challenge

cheek

chopsticks🥢🍜

cooking

concern

culture

culture shock

custom

elbow

expectation

eye-opener

handshake

host

language

meal

outsider

pamphlet

taboo

Adjectives

Feelings

anxious

(un)comfortable

confident

curious

embarrassed

enthusiastic

excited

fascinated

homesick

insecure

nervous

uncertain

worried

Other

lively

passionate

picky

Verbs

drop by

feel

get used to

get sick

go out (on a date)

greet (someone)

hang out with

have (a baby)

hug

miss

plan

point out

split (= divide evenly)

take (photographs)

take off

tip

turn down

Adverbs

abroad

along

appropriately

especially

(the) most

Preposition

in (public)

EXPRESSIONS

Expressing emotions

One thing/Something (that) I’d be (anxious/excited/ . . . ) about is . . .

Asking for permission

Is it all right to . . . ?

Describing expectations

You’re supposed to . . .

You aren’t supposed to . . .

You’re expected to . . .

It’s the custom to . . .

It’s not acceptable to . . .

Expressing an opinion/

a feeling

Oh, how (nice/awful/ . . . )!

Cycle 1 Discuss living in a foreign country

01 PERSPECTIVES 🌐Challenges of living abroad

Learning objective: active learn and practice adjectives to describe a person's positive and negative feelings about living abroad

A Listen to people talk about moving to a foreign country. Check the concerns you think you would share.

⬜ "One thing that I'd really miss is hanging out with my friends."

⬜ "Something that I'd be worried about it the local food. I'm picky eater."

⬜ "Getting used to a different culture might be difficult at first."

⬜ "I'd be worried about not knowing how to get around in a new city."

⬜ "The people that I'd miss the most are my parents. We're very close."

⬜ "Not knowing the local customs is something I'd be concerned about."

⬜ "I'd be nervous about getting sick and not knowing how to explain my symptoms."

⬜ "Communicating in a foreign language could be a challenge."

B Rate each concern from 1 (not worried at all) to 5 (really worried). What would be you biggest concern? Why?

A Listen to the people talk about moving to a foreign country.

Would you have any of the same concerns?

__ "One thing I'd really miss is my mom's cooking."

__ "I'd be worried about the local food. I might not like it."

__ "Getting used to different customs might be difficult at first."

__ "My room at home is the thing that I'd miss the most."

__ "Not knowing the prices of things is something I'd be concerned about."

__ "Moving to a country with a very different climate could be a challenge."

__ "I'd be worried about getting sick and not knowing how to find a good doctor."

__ "Something I'd be nervous about is communicating in a new language."

B Rate each concern from 1 (not worried at all) to 5 (really worried). What would be you biggest concern? Why?

Culture and communication

Impact of directness or indirectness of speech

Turn taking norms within a culture

Orientation to power

Roles and relationships in face-to-face communication Impact of non-verbal communication

Culture is like a hidden language that shapes how we talk. In some cultures, people speak very directly, saying exactly what they mean. In others, indirectness is preferred, with hints and suggestions used to get a point across. Who talks first and how long someone speaks can also vary. Some cultures value clear power structures, with bosses and elders interrupting or speaking at length. Others prioritize equality in conversation. Understanding these differences helps us navigate communication. Even body language can be different! A thumbs up might be a friendly gesture in one place, but rude in another. By being aware of cultural communication styles, we can avoid misunderstandings and build stronger relationships.

Let's explore these communication styles in action! In Ireland, conversations can be quite direct, with humor and sarcasm commonly used. French speakers might be more indirect, using elaborate compliments or phrases like "perhaps" to soften their message. Portugal shares some similarities with France, valuing politeness and taking turns to speak. Japan, on the other hand, emphasizes indirectness and respect for hierarchy. Juniors might wait for their superiors to speak first, and nonverbal cues like bowing are crucial. South Korea also has a strong hierarchy, with formality expected in conversations, especially with elders or people of higher status. So, next time you chat with someone from a different background, remember these cultural nuances! A little awareness can go a long way in creating a smooth and positive communication experience.

02 WORD POWER 🔌Culture shock

Learning objective: See noun phrases containing relative clauses in context

These words are used to describe how people sometimes feel when they live in a foreign country. Which are positive (P)? Which are negative (N)?

anxious

comfortable

confident

curious

depressed

embarrassed

enthusiastic

excited

fascinated

homesick

insecure

nervous

uncertain

uncomfortable

worried

B Group work Tell your group about other situations in which you experienced the feelings above. What made you feel that way?

How do you feel about the situations now?

A: I felt anxious yesterday. I had to give an important presentaion at work.

B: How did the presentation go?

A: I was nervous and uncomfortable at first. I don't like speaking in public.

C: How did you feel after the presentation?

A: Actually, I felt pretty confident. I think it went really well!

Asleep

In a state of sleep, unconscious and not awake.

Your body is inactive, your breathing is slow and regular, and you might be curled up in a comfortable position.

After a long day, you fall asleep soundly in your bed.

Unconscious, slumbering, snoozing.

Sleepy

Feeling tired and wanting to sleep.

You might yawn frequently, your eyelids feel heavy, and you have difficulty concentrating.

You rub your eyes and stifle a yawn as you listen to a long lecture.

Drowsy, tired, lethargic.

Feelings💕

Your Vocabulary Log

Make a vocabulary log. Write words or draw pictures to help you remember.

anxious

cheerful

comfortable

confident

curious

depressed

embarrassed

enthusiastic

excited

fascinated

grouchy

homesick

hopeful

insecure

lonely

nervous

proud

silly

sleepy

uncertain

uncomfortable

worried

Practice

A How often do you have these feelings? Classify the words in your vocabulary log. Write A for always, U for usually, S for sometimes, or N for never.

B Complete the chart with feelings from your vocabulary log and situations when you have these feelings.

Feeling

anxious

............................

Situation

I’m waiting for my final grades.

................................................................................................................

C Pair Work Role-play the situations in the chart.

A: You look anxious. What’s the matter?

B: I’m waiting for my final grades.

A: Do you think you passed?

B: I’m not sure. I studied hard, but the exams were really hard!

03 GRAMMAR FOCUS 🔁Noun phrases containing relative clauses

Learning objective: practice noun phrases containing relative clauses.

Something (that) I'd be worried about is the local food.

One thing (that) I'd really miss is hanging out with my friends.

The people (who/that) I'd miss the most are my parents.

The local food is something (that) I'd be worried about.

Hanging out with my friends is one thing (that) I'd really miss.

My parents are the people (who/that) I'd miss the most.

A Complete the sentences about living in a foreign country. Use the phrases below. Then compare with a partner.

my friends

my family

getting sick

trying new foods

feeling like an outsider

making new friends

being away from home

my grandmother's cooking

speaking a foreign language

getting lost in a new city

not understanding people

learning about a different culture

1. One thing I'd definitely be fascinated by is ...

2. ... is something I'd really miss.

3. Two things I'd be homesick for are ...

4. ... are two things I'd be anxious about.

5. Something that would depress me is ...

6. ... is one thing that I might be embarrassed about.

7. The most uncomfortable thing would be . . .

8. ... is something from home that I'd never miss.

9. One thing I'd be insecure about is ...

10.... are two things I'd be very enthusiastic about.

B Now complete three sentences in part A with your own information.

Going to different festivals is something I'd be very enthusiastic about.

C Group work Rewrite your sentences from part B in another way. Then compare. Do others feel the same way?

1I'd be very enthusiastic about going to different festivals.

04 PRONUNCIATION 🎤Word stress in a sentence

Learning objective: notice and use word stress in sentences.

A Listen and practice. Notice that the important words in a sentence have more stress.

🔵 🔵 🔵

Uruguay is a country that I'd like to live in.

🔵 🔵 🔵 🔵

Speaking a foreign language is something I'd be anxious about.

🔵 🔵 🔵 🔵

Trying new foods is something I'd be curious about.

🔵 🔵 🔵

Argentina is a country that I'd like to live in.

🔵 🔵 🔵 🔵

Speaking a new language is something I'd be anxious about.

🔵 🔵 🔵 🔵

Trying new foods is something I'd be curious about.

B Pair work Mark the stress in the sentences you wrote in Exercise 3, part A. Then practice the sentences. Pay attention to words stress.

05 DISCUSSION 🌏 Going abroad

Learning objective: discuss living in a foreign country.

Group work Read the questions. Think of two more questions to add to the list. Then take turns asking and answering the questions in groups.

What country would you like to live in? Why?

What country wouldn't you like to live in? Why?

Who is the person you would like most to go abroad with?

What's something you would never travel without?

Who is the person you would message first after arriving somewhere new?

What would be your two greatest concerns about living abroad?

What is the thing you would enjoy the most about living abroad?

A: What country would you like to live in?

B: The country I'd most like to live is Italy.

C: Why is that?

D: Well, I've always wanted to study art.

Project ✈ It's a very different culture

Plan

Group work Choose a person who has lived in another country. Write five interview questions about the experience.

Name

Prepare

Group work Write a journal from this person’s perspective. Each student writes at least one entry describing the person’s thoughts and feelings. Draw pictures or include souvenirs of interesting events. Be creative!

Present

Class activity Share your journal with the class. Explain the significance of the pictures and mementos.

JULY 5TH

Traditional Dancing

July 4th 4 P.M.

Auditorium

Today was one of the best days I’ve spent here! I went to a local dance performance with a few friends from class. You aren’t supposed to take pictures in the theater, but I couldn’t resist—the dancers were wearing such beautiful regional costumes!

Great job learning about cultural communication! Now, let's test your understanding with a fun exercise. Imagine you're traveling the world and encountering new cultures. Fill out the following forms by choosing the word that best describes how you might feel in each situation:

Situation Feeling (Choose one) confident / uncomfortable / fascinated / embarrassed /depressed

You accidentally bump into someone and they don't seem to mind.
You learn about a fascinating local tradition.
You forget a common phrase and can't explain yourself.
You meet some friendly locals who are eager to practice their English with you.
You experience a travel setback, like a missed flight.

🅰 Complete the form using these words appropriately 🔘confident 🔘depressed 🔘embarrassed 🔘fascinated 🔘uncomfortable

🅱 Respond to the questions about traveling

WORKBOOK Part A

Cycle 2 Describe cultural expectations and differences

06 SNAPSHOT 🙆Different Customs

07 CONVERSATION 💬Bring a small gift

08 GRAMMAR FOCUS 📐Expectations

09 LISTENING 🎧Different cultures

10 SPEAKING 💬Local customs

11 WRITING 📝A tourist pamphlet

12 ACTIVITY ✔Culture Check

13 READING 📖Culture Shock

06 SNAPSHOT 🙆Different Customs

Learning objective: learn information about customs from various countries.

Have you ever been in a situation where someone did something that surprised you, but later you learned it was perfectly normal in their culture? What was it?

Imagine you're traveling to a new country for the first time. What unspoken rules or customs would you be most curious to learn about beforehand?

In our own culture, we take some things for granted, like personal space or greetings. Can you think of an everyday behavior that might be perceived differently in another part of the world?

Does your culture follow any of these customs?

Do any of these customs seem unusual to you? Explain.

What other interesting customs do you know?

Guess the answers and match the country and custom

Custom

1 Arrive on time for a meal.

2 Never touch anyone on the head.

3 Never point to anything with your foot

Country

⬜ Thailand

⬜ Indonesia

⬜ Canada

Ireland Pub etiquette is important in Ireland. It's considered polite to order a drink when you take a seat at the bar and to avoid leaving alone an unfinished drink (someone might order you another round if they see it!).

France Greetings are important in France. A handshake and a "Bonjour" (hello) are expected when meeting someone new. It's also considered polite to wait to be seated at a restaurant.

Japan Politeness is a core value in Japan. Using honorifics (titles) when addressing someone and bowing are common greetings. When entering a temple or someone's home, it's customary to remove your shoes.

07 CONVERSATION 💬Bring a small gift

Learning objective: practice a conversation about customs; see clauses with when and if in context.

Klaus: My boss invited my wife and me to dinner at his house.

Olivia: Oh, how nice!

Klaus: Yes, but what do you do here when you're invited to someone's house?

Olivia: Well, here in the U.S., it's the custom to bring a small gift.

Klaus: Like what?

Olivia: Oh, maybe some flowers or chocolates.

Klaus: And is it all right to bring our kids along?

Olivia: Well, if you want to bring them, you're expected to ask if it's OK first.

08 GRAMMAR FOCUS 📐Expectations

Learning objective: practice using clauses with when and if for expectations

When you visit someone, it's the custom to bring a small gift.

you aren't supposed to arrive early.

If you want to bring others, you're expected to ask if it's OK first.

you're supposed to check with the host.

it's not acceptable to bring them without asking.

A March information in colums A and B to make sentences about customs in the United States and Canada. Then compare with a partner.

🅰

1. If someone sends you a gift, ...

2. If you plan to visit someone at home, ...

3. When you go out with friends for dinner, ...

4. If the service in a restaurant is acceptable, ...

5. When you meet someone for the first time, ...

🅱

a. you're supposed to call first.

b. it's the custom to leave a tip.

c. you aren't supposed to kiss him or her.

d. you're expected to respond to it quickly.

e. you're expected to thank the person.

⏯️ Expectations at work

When starting a new job, especially in a different country, understanding workplace expectations is crucial for success. Two key phrases often come up in this context: "be expected to" and "be supposed to." While they might seem similar, they carry slightly different nuances. Let's delve into the distinction between these phrases and how they apply to navigating expectations in a new work environment.

▶Practice exercises Expectations at work and Listening to A trip abroad: Concerns

09 LISTENING 🎧Different cultures

Learning objective: listen to the experiences of people who have lived abroad, identify key information.

A Listen to people describe customs they observed abroad. Complete the chart.

1. Carla

2. Nate

3. Shauna

Where was the person?

What was the custom?

How did the person react?

B Pair work Which custom would you have the most trouble adapting to? Why?

10 SPEAKING 💬Local customs

Learning objective: talk about local customs using when and if clauses.

A Pair work What should a visitor to your country know about local customs? Make a list. Include these points.

greeting and addressing someone

eating or drinking in public

taking photographs

giving gifts

dressing appropriately

visiting public transportation

tipping

When you ride in a cab, you're supposed to tip the driver.

B Gropu work Compare your lists with another pair. Then share experiences in which you (or someone you know) didn't follow the appropriate cultural behavior. What happened?

A: On my last vacation, I tried to bargain for something in a store.

B: What happened?

A: I was told that the prices were fixed. It was a little embarrassing because...

📝Tips for visitors

Before You Write

Read the tips. Then write a heading for each set of tips.

When in Rome, do as the Romans!

________________________________

• When you meet someone for the first time, you’re expected to shake hands.

• It’s usually not acceptable to kiss people on the cheek when you are introduced to them.

________________________________

• You’re supposed to maintain eye contact when talking to people. Breaking eye contact is considered impolite.

• You aren’t supposed to look people in the eye on the street.

________________________________

• People tend to stand close to each other when talking. Backing away might be considered rude.

• It’s common for conversations to be very animate, with frequent interruptions and a lot of physical contact.

• It’s not acceptable to push people who are waiting in line.

Your First Draft

A Write tips for visitors to your country (or a country you know well). Use your

headings and the tips above as a model.

B Pair Work Read your partner’s tips. Write answers to these questions.

1. Are the tips clear?

2. Are the headings appropriate?

3. Can you suggest any improvements to the content or grammar?

Your Second Draft

Use your partner’s answers to revise your tips.

Would you like to live abroad?

11 WRITING 📝A tourist pamphlet

Learning objective: write a tourist pamphlet

A tourist pamphlet, also known as a travel brochure, is like a mini travel show in your hand! Packed with colorful pictures and informative text, it entices you to explore a new place and helps you figure out what to do once you get there. Now it's your turn to put your creativity to the test! Let's craft a brochure that will have everyone packing their bags and booking their next adventure.

12 ACTIVITY ✔Culture Check

Learning objective: practice talking about cultures

Instructions

Don't peek yet! Each of you will receive a prospectus about a country you might be visiting soon. Take a moment to read through the information carefully.

Culture Check Chat
Now, it's time to chat! Imagine you're meeting your travel buddy for the first time. Take turns asking and answering questions about each other's travel destinations based on the information in your prospectuses. Use these prompts to get you started

What are some interesting cultural aspects of your destination country?

Are there any customs or traditions I should be aware of?

What are some things I might find surprising or challenging about the culture?

How can I be respectful and avoid misunderstandings?

Discussion

Then discuss your findings. What surprised you about the cultural differences? Did anything seem particularly easy or difficult to adjust to?

Prospectus for Student A

Destination: Thailand

Greetings: A slight bow with a "wai" (placing your palms together at chest level) is a respectful way to greet someone. Avoid physical contact like hugs or handshakes unless initiated by the other person.

Religion: Buddhism is the dominant religion. Respect temples and monks by dressing modestly and removing shoes before entering.

Dining: It's customary to wait to be seated and use a spoon and fork (not chopsticks). Food is often shared family-style. Tipping is not expected.

Social Norms: Public displays of affection are not common. Speaking loudly or losing your temper is considered rude. It's polite to smile and show respect for elders.

Prospectus for Student B

Destination: France

Greetings: A handshake and a "Bonjour" (hello) are standard greetings. Formal introductions may include a kiss on each cheek.

Dining: Meals are a social experience, so take your time and enjoy the conversation. Tipping is not mandatory, but leaving a small amount is appreciated. It's considered rude to rush through a meal.

Social Norms: Dress is generally more formal than in some cultures. Maintaining eye contact during conversation shows respect. Arriving on time for appointments is important.

Language: While English is spoken in some tourist areas, making an effort to speak a few basic French phrases is appreciated.

13 READING 📖Culture Shock

Learning objective: develop skills in reading for main ideas and details

Before you dive into this passage about living abroad, consider this: Have you ever traveled somewhere new and felt a little lost or confused, even if it was just for a short visit? Maybe the customs seemed strange, the food tasted unfamiliar, or communication was a challenge. If so, this might be a mild case of culture shock! Now, as you read about the experiences of people moving to a new country entirely, what do you think might be some of the biggest challenges they face in adjusting to a different culture?

Moving to a New Country

A Culture Shock Adventure

For many people, the dream of living abroad holds immense appeal – the chance to explore new cultures, experience breathtaking landscapes, and broaden one's horizons. However, the initial excitement of settling into a new country can often be overshadowed by a phenomenon known as culture shock. This feeling of disorientation and discomfort arises from encountering unfamiliar customs, social norms, and ways of life.

Culture shock can manifest in a variety of ways. Simple tasks like grocery shopping or using public transportation can become frustrating challenges when faced with a different language and signage. Communication itself can be a hurdle, leading to misunderstandings and feelings of isolation. Additionally, cultural differences in etiquette, humor, and personal space can cause social awkwardness and a sense of being out of place.

The good news is that culture shock is a temporary phase. With time and an open mind, individuals can adjust and even thrive in their new environment. Learning basic phrases in the local language can be a significant first step. Stepping outside one's comfort zone to try unfamiliar foods and participate in local events can foster a sense of belonging. Embracing the opportunity to learn and grow through cultural immersion is key to overcoming the challenges of culture shock and ultimately enjoying the enriching experience of living abroad.

What is the main idea of the passage?

What are some of the challenges faced by people experiencing culture shock?

According to the passage, what are some ways individuals can overcome culture shock and adjust to living in a new country?

Can you think of any personal experiences (or those of someone you know) that relate to the concept of culture shock? Briefly explain.

WORKBOOK Part B

Video ACTIVITIES

Both movies offer insightful and often humorous portrayals of cultural clashes and the importance of understanding and respecting different customs and traditions.

Lost in translation (2003)

This comedic drama tells the story of Bob Harris, an aging American movie star past his prime, who travels to Tokyo to film a whiskey commercial. Feeling lonely and out of place in the bustling city, he befriends Charlotte, a young woman also struggling to find her footing. As they explore Tokyo together, they develop an unlikely friendship and learn to appreciate the beauty and complexity of a foreign culture.

The Farewell (2019)

This heartwarming dramedy follows Billi, a young Chinese-American woman who travels to China with her family to visit her ailing grandmother. However, there's a catch: the family has decided to keep their grandmother in the dark about her diagnosis, opting for a white lie to spare her feelings. As Billi grapples with this cultural difference, she also confronts her own identity and relationship with her family heritage.

⬜ 1 Travel & Tourism

⬜ 2 Travel advisor

⬜ 3 Vacations

⬜ 4 City Secrets

⬜ 5 Experiences

⬜ 6 Vacation spots

⬜ 7 Travel the World

⬜ 8 Travel Planning

⬜ 9 Top Travel Gems

⬜ 10 Broadening your worldview

⬜ 11 World's Hotspots

⬜ 12 Beyond Borders

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